HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-556 RollerMr. Mark A. Roller
1329 Country Club Drive
Williamsport, PA 17701
Dear Mr. Roller:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 25, 1990
90 -556
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); DER; Regional
Environmental Protection Director.
This responds to your letter of January 29, 1990 and your
letter of February 12, 1990 which was received on April 17, 1990
in which you request advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Law presents any restrictions
upon your employment following your termination of service with
the Department of Environmental Resources (DER).
Facts: You have retired from state employment on January 12,
1990, previously having held the position of Regional
Environmental Protection Director for the Williamsport Region of
DER. You seek guidance as to what restrictions, if any, would
apply to your activities referenced in your January 29 letter.
In that letter, you indicated that you are considering doing
consulting work or work for a consulting engineering firm and
inquire as to whether you may perform such activities as follows:
assist in preparing requests for approvals for industries and
municipalities for environmental projects; contacting industries
and municipalities to explain professional engineering services
that may be provided; providing review and quality control of
reports and design prepared by consulting firms; providing
evaluation of environmental matters under consideration by legal
firms; providing evaluation or recommendations on environmental
matters for the banking industry and providing advice or reports
on specific environmental matters for organizations and
individuals.
Discussion: As a Regional Environmental Protection Director for
DER, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Public Official and
Mr. Mark A. Roller
Page 2
Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. Section 402; 51 Pa. Code Section 1.1. This conclusion is
based upon your position, which when reviewed on an objective
basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting,
administering or monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing
or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimus on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with DER must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is
or has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have
associated upon termination of public service would be DER. The
above is based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the
legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this Commission.
Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a
former Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare
Mr. Mark A. Roller
Page 3
(DPW) was not merely restricted to the particular Division as was
contended but was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the
one year representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion
90 -009, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to
a state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of
service with DER, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
DER.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was
the specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above
term so that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear
that when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are
dealing not only with a particular
subdivision of an agency or a local
government but the entire unit..."
Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to
ascertain and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under
1 Pa. C.S.A. 1901, it is clear that the governmental body with
which you have been associated is DER.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on
the type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however,
that the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with
financial conflicts and violations of the public trust. The
intent of the law generally is that during the term of a person's
public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the public sector, that individual should
not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
Mr. Mark A. Roller
Page 4
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals
which are signed by or contain the name of a
former public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under
the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental
body, individual, corporation, union,
association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of
persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental
body or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are
signed or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
Mr. Mark A. Roller
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document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of one's name as an employee or consultant on
a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by DER, is
not prohibited as representation.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to DER so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before DER. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to DER. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or
preclude the making of general informational inquiries of DER to
secure information which is available to the general public.
This must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the
former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body
the representation of, or work for the new employer.
As to the six specific areas in which you would perform
consulting services, since those activities do not relate to your
former governmental body (DER), Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law
would not restrict such activities.
The Commission has concluded that the administering of an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a
contract would not be prohibited by the Ethics Law.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Regional Environmental Protection Director for
DER, you are to be considered a "public employee" as defined in
the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with DER, you would
Mr. Mark A. Roller
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become a "former public employee" subject to the Ethics Law.
Your former governmental body is DER. The restrictions as to
representation as outlined above must be followed. The propriety
of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
Interests be filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sicerely,
Vincent Ji. Dopko,
Chief Counsel