HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-539 McDonaldMr. John B. McDonald
Civil Engineer - Surveyor
21 Shannopin Drive
Pittsburgh, PA 15202 -1025
Dear Mr. McDonald:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 11, 1990
90 -539
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Private Clients Plans,
Municipal Engineer.
This responds to your letter of March 5, 1990, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a municipal engineer is prohibited or restricted
by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law from working on,
being involved with or preparing plans in a private capacity for
clients for submission to the municipal body in which he serves.
Facts: As borough engineer Emsworth Borough which is a suburb of
the City of Pittsburgh in Allegheny County, you note that
Emsworth has little usable property left and has difficulties in
meeting its yearly budget. As a result you normally do not
charge for your services unless it is necessary to use a field
crew. Such usually occurs when the borough receives a small
grant from the county for improvements. As a general rule your
yearly fees have not exceed five hundred dollars and are usually
considerably less. On recent occasion you had the opportunity
to lay out a small subdivision in the borough for a client which
merely amounted to changing a lot line. There were no
improvements necessary for the subdivision plan which met all
municipal regulations for area and zoning. When you submitted
the plan to council for approval, one councilmember questioned
whether it was ethical on your part as municipal engineer to
prepare the subdivision since you were in essence approving it.
After stating that such activities occur in surrounding
municipalities where municipal engineers not only lay out large
subdivisions with major improvements or shopping centers, you
assert that the question of the ethics has never been raised in
those situations. In addition you reference one municipal
engineer that recently did all of the work on a multi - million
shopping mall. You express your personal view that a
Mr. John B. McDonald
Page 2
subdivision, shopping center or project which has a major amount
of earth moving drainage, paving, etc. should not be done by the
municipal engineer in that area. However, you state that
engineering and surveying is part of your livelihood and if being
the borough engineer would restrict you from preparing minor
subdivisions then you would resign your position as municipal
engineer. You conclude by requesting clarification on this
matter.
Discussion: As municipal engineer for Emsworth Borough, you are
a public employee as that term is defined under the Ethics Law,
and hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for .
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
Mr. John B. McDonald
Page 3
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, we note that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does
not prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities; however, the public official /employee may not use the
authority of office for the advancement of his own private
pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private
business using governmental facilities or personnel. In
particular, the governmental telephones, postage, staff,
equipment, research materials, personnel or any other property
could not be used as a means, in whole or part, to carry out
private business activities. In addition, the public
official /employee could not during government working hours,
solicit to promote such business activity.
In the capacity of a public official /employee, it is clear
that you must provide professional services and recommendations
on an impartial basis to the municipality with regard to plans,
their approval or rejection. If plans were prepared by you or
the business with which you are associated that were submitted
thereafter to the municipal body wherein you would have to
perform review or approval functions, a conflict would exist.
Miller, Opinion 89 -024. In those instances, it will be necessary
that you be removed from that process as to private plans that
you or the business with which you are associated prepared for
private clients.
Mr. John B. McDonald
Page 4
In such cases as noted above, Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law
would require not only that you abstain from participation but
also file a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or your supervisor.
In summary, the Ethics Law would restrict the following:
1. The use of authority of office to obtain any business
in a private capacity;
2. utilization of confidential information gained through
public official or municipal position;
3. participating in discussion, review, or recommendations
on matters which directly relate to clients privately served
which may have been subject to the review, approval or
recommendation by the municipality and
4. publicly announcing the relationship with such private
clients as to any plans or recommendations that may come before
the municipality for final or further review or approval together
with filing a written memorandum as per the requirements of
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law. Brooks, Opinion 89 -023.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the respective
municipal code.
Conclusion: As municipal engineer for Emsworth Borough, you are
a public employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not preclude you or the
business with which you are associated from preparing plans for
clients for submission to the municipal body. However, you are
subject to the prohibitions and restrictions as outlined above
and must comply with the disclosure requirement of Section 3(j)
of the Ethics Law. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
Mr. John B. McDonald
Page 5
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko,
Chief Counsel