HomeMy WebLinkAbout19-528 YakupkovicPHONE: 717-783-1610
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To the Requester:
Mr. Richard S. Yakupkovic
Dear Mr. Yakupkovic:
N,
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
FINANCE BUILDING
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
June 4, 2019
FACSIMILE; 717-787-0806
WEBSITE: www.eth1cs,aa.ap-y
19-528
This responds to your letter dated May 19, 2019, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ("Commission").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65
PT.TS, § 1101 et seq., would impose restrictions upon emFloyment of a Senior Civil
Engineer Manager following termination of employmen with the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation ("PennDOT").
Facts: You request an advisory from the Commission regarding the post-
empToyTent restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be fairly
summarized as follows.
You are currently employed as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager with PennDOT
in Engineerin% District 11 -0 ('District 1140), in which capacity you serve as the Portfolio
Manager in the Project Delivery Unit. You have submitted copies of your official
Commonwealth position description and an organizational chart for District 11 -0, which
documents are incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the job classification
specifications for the position of Senior Civil Engineer Manager (job code 11161) has
been obtained and is also incorporated herein by reference.
In your current position with PennDOT, you supervise several design squads that
develop plans, specifications, and estimates for the purpose of advertisin? construction
bid proposals for transportation projects. The work is completed by Dis rict 11 -0 staff
and consultant engineering firms.
You state that you anticipate terminating your Commonwealth employment upon
reaching normal retirement age.
Based upon the above Submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the
Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon you with regard to: (1)
pursuing employment opportunities prior to the termination of your Commonwealth
employment; or (2 performing work for a new employer following the termination of
your Commonweal employment.
Y Kku kovic, 19-528
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Page
Discussion: It is initial) noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
The EthicFAct, 65 Pa.C.S, §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10�, (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from engaging in conc uct that constitutes a conflict of interest:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. --No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 P.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate
family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
Subject to the statutory. exclusions to the Ethics Act's definition of the term
"conflict" or "conflict of interest," 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, a public official/public empipyeeis
prohibited from using theauthorityof public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such public
blic position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himlf, , any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. The use of
authority
of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any use of authority of
office including
, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others and lobbying for a
particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
Yaku 19-528
Tu _nelt mic 9
Page 3
Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no person
shall offer or pive to a public official/public employee anything of monetary value and no
public official public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based
upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official/public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the questions presented.
As a Senior Civil Engineer Manager for PennDOT, you would be considered a
"public employee" sub ect to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1; Ruzzi, Advice 18-560;
Richter, Advice-T7 563; Windisch, Advice 17-559. This conclusionisbased upon the
jTo-sitio6 description and tfi_e7J_ob_cT . Ossification specifications, which when reviewed on an
ob'ective basis, indicate clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official
action of a non -ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following,
contracting; procurement; administering or monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or
zoning; inspecting; licensing; regulating; auditing; or other activity(ies) where the
economic impact is greater than de minims on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of our employment with PennDOT, you would
become a "former public employee" subject Section 11 03(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(p) does not prohibit a former public official/public emplo ee
from accepting a position o employment, it does restrict the former public official/public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. --No former public
official or public employee -shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter Vefore the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after heleaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitt% bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain e name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, associat 7ion, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"'Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
—Yakut 0viC 19-528
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subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public officiaVp-u-b Fic--employee himself,
Confidential Opinion, 93-005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur,
Opinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
aTbefore the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
narances
) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official/public employee; (4) participating
ing in any matters before the
pa
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89-005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public, overnmental
emplo ee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former c I
j
body, even Athe invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service
with such governmental body. Sbhna -012. However, if such a re -existing
�, Opinion 91
contract does not involve the unit w ere a former public employee worked, 4 name of
the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95-011 ,
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official/public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, er, the activit in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Vthics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(y) only restricts the former public otticial/public employee WIM
re d to representation before his forme governmental body. The former public
0��Jr r
official/public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official/public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official/public employee had influence or
control but extends to he entire body. Sep Legislative ournal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; $Jrolli, Opinion 90-006; Shar , Opinion 55-0- -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of our employment with PennDOT would be PennDOT in
its entirety, including but not your
to District 11-0. Therefore, for the first year
Yaku kovic, 19-528
Ju—neT, 00VIC9
Page 5
following termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103, of the Ethics
Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a "person" before Penn!)*.
You are advised that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from accepting a position of employment with a new employer. However, Burin the
first year following termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103 g) of
the Ethics Act would prohibit you from engaging in any activity(ies) that would involve
prohibited representation before PennDOT as delineated above.
With regard to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you are generally advised that
the elements of a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not be established
as a result of your prospectively entering into a business/employment relationship with
an entity subject to the conditions that you: (1) did not use the authority of your public
position in matter(s) pertaining to such entity when you had an actual or reasonable
expectation that you would enter into a business/employment arrangement with such
entity
0d 't r would otherwise receive a private pecuniary benefit relating to such entity; and
(2) inot otherwise use the authority of your public position or confidential information
received as a result of being in your public position in furtherance of securing a
businesslemployment arrangement with such entity or other private pecuniary benefit
relating to such entity. Cf., Desmond, Opinion 08-004.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act, Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Senior Civil Engineer Manager for the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation ("PennDOT"), _you would be considered a "public
e lo e subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act 65
Pa �.�e su I et se., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa.
a 110
Code § k 1 et ieoi. Upon termination of your employment with PennDOT, you would
become a 16—rmer public employee" subject to Section 11 03(g) of the Ethics Act. The
former gqvernmental body would be PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to
Engineering District 11 -0. For the first year following termination of your employment
with PennDOT, Section 110N) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
"representation" of a "person" be core PennDOT. The restrictions as to representation
outlined above must be followed.
With regard to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you are generally advised that
the elements of a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not be established
as a result of your prospectively entering into a business/employment relationship with
an entity subject to the conditions that you: (1) did not use the authority of your public
position in matter(s) pertaining to such entity when you had an actual or reasonable
expectation that you would enter into a business/employment arrangement with such
entity
or would otherwise receive a private pecuniary benefit relating to such entity; and
(2) inot otherwise use the authority of your public position or confidential information
received as a result of being in your public position in furtherance of securing a
business/employment arrangement with such entity or other private pecuniary benefit
relating to such entity.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 11 07(l 1) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
Yaku kOvic, 19-528
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Page 6
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the fun
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writingg and must be act11 received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date off this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 1'3.2(h). They appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-W 0806). Failure to
Me such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
4Robin�M. Hittie
Chief Counsel