HomeMy WebLinkAbout19-526 ConfidentialPHONE, 717-783-1610
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To the Requester:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
FINANCE BUILDING
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
18jummul 11001
FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806
WERSITE:Wwwothic-�,pa.goy
19-526
This responds to your letter dated April 5, 2019, by which you requested a
confidential advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ("Commission").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65
P—a-CS. § 1101 et seq., would impose restrictions upon employment of an A of
Governmental BowMowingtermination of service with the Commonwealth.
Facts: You request a confidential os - advisory from the Commission regarding the
employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submittedat may be
fairly summarized as follows.
You are an attorney admitted to the Bar of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
In [month, year], you terminated your service as an A of Governmental Body B.
On [datej, you began serving as the C for [name of association] (the "Association"). The
Association's members include approximately [number] [types of entities] operating in
the Commonwealth. In your positionwiththe Association, you will be called upon to
lobby the D, including the As and staff of Governmental Body B, for the purpose of
shaping E and F affecting the Association's members. You will meet with As and staff of
Governmental Body B in various settings i and discuss with them [certain matters]. Your
work will include [performing certain activities].
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the
Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon you durin,9 the first year
following termination of your service with Governmental Body. In particular, you seek
guidance as to whether you would be permitted to lobby the As and staff of
overnmental Body B on behalf of the Association.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 11 07(l 0) and 11 07(l 1) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry, 65 Pa,C.S. §§ 1107(10 , (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Confidential Advice, 19-526
May 31, 2019
Page 2
In the former capacity as an A of Governmental Body B, you would be
considered a "public official" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State
Ethics Commission.
Consequently, upon termination of service with Governmental Body B, you
became a "former public official" subject to Section 11 03(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(�) does not prohibit a former public official/public employee
from accepting a position o employment, it does restrict the former public official/public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which has been associated":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. --No former public
official or public employee shall re resent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated To—r
one year atter he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has "person,"
associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics, Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbyin and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee,
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed
d or to which the public official or employee is
or has beenappointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
Section 11 03(g) of the Ethics Act restricts a former public official1public employee
with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with which he
has been associated," The term "person" is very broadly defined. it includes, inter alia,
corporations and other businesses. It also includes the former public employee-Ti'm—seff,
Confidential Opinion, 93-005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur,
Opinion 5-007. The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on
behalf of any person in any activity.
Confidential Advice, 19-526
May 31, 201-9--
Page 3
However, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act may not be applied to restrict an
attorney's conduct insofar as it constitutes the practice of law because the Pennsylvania
Supreme Court has the exclusive authority to regulate an attorney's conduct in that
reard. Shaulis v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 574 Pa. 680, 833 A,2d 123
�2003 �; pt, Yocum v. Pennsvlvania Gaminq Control Board, 639 Pa. 521, 161 A.3d 228
2017
Additionally, the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania has held that lobbyingg by
a lawyer is the practice of law. Gmerek v. State Ethics Commission, 751 A.: 1241
(Pa. Cmwlth. 2600), affirmed lb -evenly divided Court, 569 Pa. 5 , 807 A.2d 812
(200 Therefore, you are advised that lobbying services that you (an attorney) would
provide would be considered the practice of law. Id.
The governmental body with which you are deemed to have been associated
upon termination of your service with Governmental Body B is Governmental Body Bin
its entirety. Therefore, for the first year following termination of your service with
Governmental Body B, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would aFply and restrict
representation" of a "person" before Governmental Body B to he extent such
representation would not constitute the practice of law. Cf., Moore, Opinion 05-008;
Confidential Opinion, 19-001. Given your status as an att(5-r—n, lion
1103(g) of the
Ethics Act—w-64W-not prohibit you, in your role as the C for the Association, from
lobbying the As and staff of Governmental Body B on behalf of the Association (cf.
Shaulis, supra; Gmerek, supra; Confidential Opinion, 19-001).
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office or employment, or confidential information received by being in
the ublic position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103�a) of
the Ethics Act. Further, you are that Sections 1 03(b) and 11 03(c) of the thics
Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a pub is off icial/public employee
and no public official/public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
off icja!lpub lic employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as an A of Governmental Body B, ou would
be consia d a "ppublic official" subject to the Public Official and Employee Kthics Act
EEthics Act"), 65 a.C.S, § 1101 et seg., and the Regulations of the State Ethics
mmission, 51 Pa. Code § 117f et seq. Upon termination of service with
Governmental 131 B, you became a "farmer official" subject to Section 1103 I
of the Ethics Act. he former governmental body is Governmental Body B in its entire
For the first year following termination of your service with Governmental Body
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a "nerson
before Governmental Body B to the extent such representation would not constitute the
practice of law. Given your status as an attorney Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act
would not prohibit you, in your role as the 6 for [name of association] (the
"AsSOGiation"), from lobbing the As and staff of Governmental Body B on behalf of the
Association. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed.
Confidential Advice, 19-526
May 2019
P 4�
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writingg and must be actuall
received at the Commission within thirty (31 days of the date o thin
Advice
pursuant to 5'1 Pa. Code § '3.,2(h). The . appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717'787-08'06 . Failure to
Me such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hutt/tied I
Chief Counsel