HomeMy WebLinkAbout19-006 ConfidentialPHONE: 717-783-1610 STATE ETHICS COMMISSION FACSIMILE., 717-787-0806
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OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Nicholas A. Colafella, Chair
Mark R. Corrigan, Vice Chair
Ro er Nick
Melanie DePalma
Monique Myatt Galloway
Michael A. Schwartz
Shelley Y. Simms
DATE DECIDED: 516/19
DATE MAILED: 5/22/19 19-006
To the Requester:
This Opinion is issued in response to your letter dated April 3, 2019, by which you
requested a confidential advisory from this Commission.
I. ISSUE:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et s�.,l would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon a Member of the
PennsyTvinia General Assembly ("State Legislator") --specifically a Member of Chamber A --
with regard to proceeding with, and actively participating in the operations of, a for -profit
[type of private entity] ("T) where:
(1) The State Legislator has already formed the B but it is not yet conducting business;
(2) Once operational, the purpose and function of the B would be to provide C services
to clients such as [types of public and private clients];
(3) The B would be entirely owned and operated by the State Leislator and another
individual, with each having a 50% ownership interest in the
(4) None of the work associated with the establishment and operation of the B would
utilize state resources (such as taxpayer -funded computers or phones), nor would
1 This Commission has statutory jurisdiction to issue advisories (0 inions of the Commission and Advices of
Counsel) under only two laws, specifical the Ethics Act and oennsylvania's lobbying disclosure law
("Lobbying Disclosure Law") 65 Pa.C.S. § �13AOI ets�eg. This Commission has statuto *unsdiction to issue
certain "determinations" as to status, but not advisories, under the Pennsylvania Race Norse Develo ment
and Gamin seq., and the Medical Marijuana Act, Act, 16 of2016
(see,Act ("Gaming Act") 4 Pa.C.S. § I 101 et s
35 P.S.P. § 10231.2101. 1 (d)�I)), and those laws are not addressed herein. As the instant advisory request
noes submit any facts or pose any questions that would appear to implicate the Lobbying Disclosure.-Ilaw,
this Opinion is limited to addressing the advisory request under the Ethics Act.
Confidential Opinion, 19-006
May 22 ' 2019
Page 2
the work be performed in any state-owned office;
(5) The State Legislator's status as a Member of the General Assembly would not be
referenced in any marketing efforts by the B;
(6) The State Legislator Would have an active role in operating the B, and he would
receive income from the B in the form of salary and profits; and
(7) The State Legislator would satisfy the disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act as
to income received from the B and ownership interest in the B.
III. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
You have been authorized by the Honorable (name] ("State Legislator D"), who is a
Member of Chamber A, to request a confidential advisory pinion from this Commission on
his behalf. You have submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
, Ina private capacity, State Legislator D has formed a for -profit [type of private entity
("B" that is not yet conducting business, Once operational, the purpose and function ol
the would be to provide C services to clients such as [types of public and private clients].
The B would be entire) owned and operated by State Legislator D and another
individual, with each having a 0% ownership interest in the B.
None of the work associated with the establishment and operation of the B would
utilize state resources such as taxpayer -funded computers or phones), nor would the work
be performed in any state-owned office. State Legislator Us status as a Member of the
General Assembly would not be referenced in any marketing efforts by the B.
State Legislator D would have an active role in o erating the B, and he would
receive income from the B in the form of salary and profits. State Legislator D would
satisfy the disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act as to income received from the B and
ownership interest in the B.
Based upon the above facts you ask whether the Ethics Act would impose any
prohibitions or restrictions on State Legislator D with regard to proceeding with the B and
actively participating in its operations.
By letter dated ANril 10, 2019, you were notified of the date, time and location of the
executive meeting at which your request would be considered.
At the executive meeting on M% 6, 2019, you appeared together with State
Leqislator D and elaborated on plans for the B. You stated that there are no plans for the
B to have any contracts with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, but that it would be
possible for the B to contract with type of institutions]. You indicated that through a series
of events, it would be ossible type
State budget monies administered by lone or two
encies] to be provided to type of institutons that might
particular Commonwealth a i
ultimately use such monies ?or services provided
Ill. DISCUSSION:
It is initial noted that pursuant to Sections 1107 10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act,
65Pa.C.S.,_ �(07(10), (11), advisories are issued to t.��e requester based upon the facts
that the re requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts that the
requester has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been submitted. It
is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts relevant to the
inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the
Confidential ODinion, 19-006
ag
Maye 3 22 ' 2019
P
requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Pennsylvania State Legislator, State Legislator D is a public official subject to
the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 11 03(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. --No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest,
�alj
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public emplo ee of the authority of his office or
ernployr9ent or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for theprivate
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediatefamily
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minirnis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the Liblic official or public employee, a member
of his immediate farnily or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment,
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self-employed individual, holdingcompany, joint
stock company, receivership, trust or any legal organized
for profit,
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or has
a financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial interest in a legal
entity engaged in business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of he equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in indebtedness.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Section 11 03(a) of the Ethics Act restricts public officials/public employees in their
Confidential Opinion, 19-006
ag
May 22 ' 2019
Pe 4
public capacities, not theiwivate capacities. Subject to the statutory exclusions to the
definition of the term "con icf' or "conflict of interest," 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, pursuantto
Section 11 03(a of the Ethics Act, a public official Liblic employee is prohibited from using
the authority Vpublic office/employment or confidential information received by holding
such apublic position far the private pecuniary benefit of the public official/public employee
himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of
his immediate family is associated.
The B would be considered a business with which State Legislator D is associated in
his capacity as an owner. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Private activities with no connection to either a use of public office/emloyment or a
use of confidential information received lo� holding the public position wouldnot form the
basis for a violation of Section 11 03(a) of the Ethics Act. f., Confidential Opinion, 15-003.
Additionally, to the extent the activities of a Legislator relate to "legislative actions"
introducing, considering, debating, voting, enactin, adopting, or approving I�glslation),
they are constitutionally controlled and are exempt from the purview c the Ethics Act and
the State Ethics Commission. Confidential Opinion, 05-002; Corrigan, Opinion 87-001.
Therefore, based upon the submitted facts, you are advised that Section 11 03(a) of
the Ethics Act would not prohibit State Legislator D from acting in his; private capacity to
proceed with the B and activelyparticipate in the operations of the B. State Legislator D
would be required to satisfy alapplicable disclosure requirements of Sections � 104 and
ITPa.C.S: §§ 1104, 1105, with respect to filing Statements of
1105 of the Ethics Act, 6
Financial Interests as a public official.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than he Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the eXslative Code of
Ethics, 46 P.S. § 143.1 et sea., or Rules of ChamberA. Additionally, this pinion does not
address the Pennsylvafi-i6 Race Horse Development and Gaming UN Pa.C.S. § 1101 et
seg., and/or the Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016, 35 P.S. § 10231.101 et sea.
IV. CONCLUSION:
As a Member of the Pennsylvania General Assembly --specifically a Member of
Chamber X-the Honor -able (name] ("State Leaislator D") is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Public Official and EmployeeP-thics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et sea. Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) in a private capacity, State Legislator D
H-as formed a for -profit [type of private entity] (W) that is not yet conIcting business; (2)
once operational, the purpose and function of the B would be to provide C services to
clients such as [types of public and private clients]; (3) the B would be entirely owned and
operated by
Legislator D and another individual, with each having a 50 Yo ownership
interest in the B; (4) none of the work associated with the establishment and operation of
the B would utilize state resources (such as taxpayer-fundedoffice;
computers or phones), nor
would the work be performed in any state-owned (5) State Legislator D's status as a
Member of the General Assembly would not be referenced in any marketing efforts by the
P; (6) State Legislator D would have an active role in operating the B, and he would receive
income from the B in the form of salary and profits; (7) State Le islator D would satisfy the
disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act as to income receive from the Band ownership
interest in the B; �8) there are no plans for the B to have any contracts with the
Commonwealth of ennsylvania, but it would be possible for the B to contract with type of
institutions); and (9) through a series of events, it would be possible for State type
monies administered by [one or two particular Commonwealth agencies] to be provided to
[type of institutions] that might ultimately use such monies for services provided by the B,
you are advised as follows.
Confidential Opinion, 19-006
May 22, 2019
Page 5
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a), restricts public
officials/public employees in their public capacities, not their private capacities. Private
activities with no connection to either a use of public office/employment or a use of
confidential information received by holding the public position would notform the basis far
a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
Additionally, to the extent the activities of a Legislator relate to "legislative actions"
introducing, considering, debating, voting, enacting, adopting, or approving legislation)
(introducing,
are constitutionally. controlled and are exempt from the purview of the Ethics Act and
the State Ethics Commission.
Based upon the submitted facts, Section 1103(a of the Ethics Act would not prohibit
State Legislator D from acting in his private capacity �o proceed with the B and actively
a e in the operations of the B. State Legislator D would be required to satisfy all
participate
,
applicable disclosure requirements of Sections 1104 and 1105 of the Ethics Act, 65
P
a.C.S 1104, 1105, with respect to filing Statements of Financial Interests as a public
official.
The propriet� of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the teislative Code of
Ethics, 46 P. S. § 143.1 et §s X, this
or Rules of ChamberA. Additionally, s pinion does not
address the Pen nsylvan—ia Race Horse Development and Gaming ct, 4 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et
seg., and/or the Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016, 35 P.S. § 10231,101 et seq. —
Pursuant to Section 1107(10 of the Ethics Act, the person who acts in good faith on
this Opinion issued to him shall be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting
provided the material facts are as stated in the request.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
By the Commission,
Ni A' w4d
h as A. Colafella,
Chair