HomeMy WebLinkAbout19-514 AmannPHONE: 717- 783 -1610
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To the Requester:
Ms. Carrie Amann
Dear Ms. Amann;
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
FINANCE BUILDING
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120 -0400
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 22, 2019
FACSIMILE: 717- 787 -0806
WEBSITE: www.eth €cs.pa.gov
19 -514
This responds to your letter dated February 14, 2019, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ( "Commission ").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
STS. § 1101 et sew , would impose restrictions upon employment of a Deputy
Secretary of Policy and Planning for the Policy and Planning Office within the Office of
the Governor following termination of Commonwealth employment.
Facts: You request an advisory from the Commission regarding the post -
employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be fairly
summarized as follows.
You are currently employed as a Deputy Secretary of Policy and Planning for the
Policy and Planning Office within the Office of the Governor. You state that in your
current Commonwealth position, your responsibilities include taking the lead on working
with the Pennsylvania Department of Education "Department of Education ") and the
Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry ( "Department of Labor and Industry") to
develop and implement the Governor's education and workforce policies. Your position
involves working closely with the Department of Education and the Department of Labor
and Industry on projects specific to the Governor's agenda at the direction of the
Secretary of Policy and Planning.
As a Deputy Secretary of Policy and Planning, you are responsible for
overseeing policy development within the Department of Education and the Department
of Labor and Industry, which involves, inter afia: (1) reviewing and signing off on reports,
program changes, testimony, communications, and other agency products relating to
policy; (2) building a strong relationship with agenc olicy directors, (3) reviewing and
providing positions on all related legislation; and �4F coordinating cross - agency work
when appropriate: Your work also involves meeting with external stakeholders who are
interested in sharing their policy ideas with the Office of the Governor and engaging key
stakeholders in policy development.
You have been offered employment as the Executive Director of the
Pennsylvania Workforce Development Association ( "Association "). Per the job
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Page 2
description for the position of Executive Director of the Association, the position
involves, inter alia, overseeing all aspects of the operation, staffing, budgeting, and
contract a�nistrkon of the Association, which represents the interests of workforce
development professionals. You state your understanding that no financial or
contractual agreements are in place between the Association and the Department of
Education or the Department of Labor and Industry.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the
Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon you following termination of
your Commonwealth employment.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
e Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10 }, (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Deputy Secretary of Policy and Planning for the Policy and Planning Office
within the Office of the Governor, you would be considered a public official /public
employee and an "executive -level State employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, 51 Pa. Code §
11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of Commonwealth employment, you would
become a former public official /public employee and a former executive -level State
employee subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Ethics
Act.
Section 1103(i) restricts former executive -level State employees as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(i) Former executive -level employee. - -No former
executive -level State employee may for a period of two
years from the time that he terminates employment with this
Commonwealth be employed by, receive compensation
from, assist or act in a representative capacity for a business
or corporation that he actively participated in recruiting to this
Commonwealth or that he actively participated in inducing to
open a new plant, facility or branch in this Commonwealth or
that he actively participated in inducing to expand an existent
plant or facility within this Commonwealth, provided that the
above prohibition shall be invoked only when the recruitment
or inducement is accomplished by a grant or loan of money
or a promise of a grant or loan of money from the
Commonwealth to the business or corporation recruited or
induced to expand.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(i).
Section 1103(1) restricts the ability of a former executive -level State employee to
accept employment or otherwise engage in business relationships following termination
of State service, under certain narrow conditions. The restrictions of Section 1103(i)
apply even where the business relationship is indirect, such as where the business in
question is a client of a new employer, rather than the new employer itself. See,
Confidential Opinion, 94 -011. However, Section 1103(i) would not restrict you from
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ar�2, 2019
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being employed by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or acting in a
representative capacity for a business subject to the conditions that you did not actively
participate in recruiting such business to Pennsylvania, and that you did not actively
participate in inducing such business to open or expand a plant, facility, or branch in
Pennsylvania, through a grant or loan of money or a promise of a grant or loan of
money from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Unlike Section 1103(1), Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public
official /public employee from accepting a position of employment. However, it does
restrict the former public official/public employee with regard to "representing" a
"person" before "the governmental body with which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee, - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a er�son, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public officiaT7pub iT employee himself,
Confidential Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur,
pinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: �1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts o influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official/public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
Amann, 19 -514
Marc- 22, 2019
Page 4
former ggovernmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
ppro osal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
b�dy, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
(gg) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former ublic
officiallpublic employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of service with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However,
if such a pre- existing contract does not involve the unit where a former public employee
worked, the name of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if
required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted.
AbramsMlebster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official/public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official/public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
officiallpublic employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official/public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official/public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of Commonwealth employment would be the Office of the
Governor in its entirety, including but not limited to the Policy and Planning Office.
Therefore, for the first year following termination of your Commonwealth employment,
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a "person"
before the Offffice of the Governor.
You are advised that Section 1103(8) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from accepting employment as the Executive Director of the Association. However,
during the first year following termination of your Commonwealth employment, Section
1103 {g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from performing any fob duty(ies) that
would involve prohibited representation before the Office of the Governor as set forth
above.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Sections 1103(g) and 1103(i) only. It is expressly assumed that there
has been no use of authority of office or employment, or confidential information
received by being in the public position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by
Section 1103(a of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and
1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in art that no person shall offer or give to a public
officiallpublic employee and no public official/public employee shall solicit or accept
anything of monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official/public employee would be influenced thereby.
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Page 5
Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will
be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Deputy Secretary of Policy and Planning for the Policy and
Planning ice within the Office of the Governor, you would be considered a public
official/public employee and an "executive -level State employee" subject to the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act {"Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.1 et sec.. Upon
termination of your Commonwealth employment, you would become a former public
official /public employee and a former executive -level State employee subject to the
restrictions of Section 1103(q} and Section 1103(1) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§
1103(g), 1103(i). Under Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act, you would not be prohibited
from being employed by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or acting in a
representative capacity for a business subject to the conditions that you did not actively
participate in recruiting such business to Pennsylvania, and that you did not actively
participate in inducing such business to open or expand a plant, facility, or branch in
Pennsylvania, through a grant or loan of money or a promise of a grant or loan of
money from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of your Commonwealth employment would be the Office of
the Governor in its entirety, including but not limited to the Policy and Planning Office.
For the first year following termination of your Commonwealth employment, Section
11 03(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a `person" before
the Office of the Governor. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be
followed.
Section 1103(8) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from accepting
employment as the Executive Director of the Pennsylvania Workforce Development
Association. However, during the first year following termination of your Commonwealth
employment, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from performing any
job duty(ies) that would involve prohibited representation before the Office of the
Governor as set forth above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense in
any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully.all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
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1 a—E 22, 2019
Page 6
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to
Me such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel