HomeMy WebLinkAbout18-566 EdwardsPHONE: 717- 783 -1610
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ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 19, 2018
To the Requester:
Mr. Joseph J. Edwards
Dear Mr. Edwards:
FACSIMILE: 717 -787 -0806
WEBS[TE: www.othics.oaciov
18566
This responds to your letter dated September 20, 2018, by which you requested
an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ( "Commission ").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Ta TS. § 1101 et seq., would impose restrictions upon employment of a Medium
Voltage Electrician Foreman followingg termination of employment with the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT ").
Facts: You request an advisory from the Commission regarding the post -
empFoyment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be fairly
summarized as follows.
As of June 22, 2018, yyou retired from your employment as a Medium Voltage
Electrician Foreman with PennDOT in the Tunnels Maintenance Office within
Engineering District 11. You have submitted a copy of your official PennDOT position
description, which document is incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the 'job
classification specifications for the position of Medium Voltage Electrician Foreman Oob
code 94460) has been obtained and is also incorporated herein by reference.
You are interested in obtaining employment with an inspection company in a
consultant position as a construction inspector (TAITCI), in which capacity your work
would include inspecting local PennDOT projects.
You seek guidance as to whether the Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or
restrictions upon you during the first year following termination of your employment with
PennDOT.
Discussion: It is initial) noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
e Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. y§§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
Edwards, 18 -566
e
o�T 5er 19, 2018
Page 2
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§§ 1107(10 ), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as a Medium Voltage Electrician Foreman for PennDOT,
you would be considered a "public employee' subject to the Ethics Act and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §'1102; 51 Pa. Code §
11.1. This conclusion is based upon the position description and the job classification
specifications, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicate clearly that the
power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; administerin or
monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning; inspecting; licensing; regulating;
auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of your employment with PennDOT, you became
a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(8) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public officiallpublic
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represen a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or-contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
Edwards, 18 -566
o6er 19, 2018
Page 3
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public officiaTlpub if employee himself,
Confidential Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur,
pinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in anV activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: 1) personal
appearances before t former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service
with such governmental body. Shama , Opinion 91 -012. However, if such apre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where a former public employee worked, the name of
the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required byy the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. AbramsANebster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
officiallpublic employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 11030g only restricts the former public official/public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
officiallpublic employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official/public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental bad where the public officiallpublic employee had influence or
control but extends to he entire body. See, Le illative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; arp, pinion 90 -0 -
The governmental body with which you are deemed to have been associated
upon termination of your employment with PennDOT is PennDOT in its entirety,
including but not limited to Engineering District 11. Therefore, for the first year following
termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103((8g)) of the Ethics Act would
apply and restrict "representation" of a "person" before PennDK
Edwards, 18 -566
a�6er 19, 2018
Page 4
You are advised that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from accepting employment with an inspection company. However, dunri the first year
following termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103(g}q of the Ethics
Act would prohibit you from engaging in any activity(iesthat would involve prohibited
representation before PennDOT as set forth above. During the one -year period of
applicability of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, it would appear to be impossible, as a
practical matter, for you to inspect PerinDOT projects for an inspection company without
running afoul of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(8) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office or employment, or confidential information received by being in
the public position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a) of
the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics
Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official/public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any "other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as a Medium Voltage Electrician Foreman for
e PennsyTvania Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you would be considered
a "public employee" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act'), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission,
51 Pa. Code § 11.1 et seg. Upon termination of your employment with PennDOT, you
became a "former pu_6lic employee" subject to Section 1103(8) of the Ethics Act. The
former governmental body is PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to
Engineering District 11. For the first year following termination of your employment with
PennDOT, Section 1103(8g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of
a "person" before PennDOT. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must
be followed. Although Section 1103(8) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from
accepting employment with an inspection company, it would appear to be impossible,
as a practical matter, for you to inspect PennDOT projects for an inspection company
during the first year following termination of your employment with PennDOT without
running afoul of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Edwards, 18 -566
a�Ger 19, 2018
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writingg and must be actual)
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States marl,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
Me such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Z;�-
Robin M. zie
Chief Counsel