HomeMy WebLinkAbout18-546 McAndrewPHONE: 717 -783 -1610
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ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 27, 2018
To the Requester:
Ms. Marissa McAndrew, Esquire
Briechle Law Offices, PC
Dear Ms. McAndrew:
FACSIMILE: 717 -787 -0806
WEBSITE: www.ethics.12a.gov
18 -546
This responds to your letters dated July 3, 2018, and July 9, 2018, and your
submission received July 10, 2018, b which you requested an advisory from the
Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission "Commission ").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Fa. -S. § 1101 et seq., would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon an individual
serving as a township supervisor with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or
other actions of the township board of supervisors pertaining to a conditional use
application for a property that the individual owns in the township, where: 1) the
property Is currently used as a bar and restaurant; (2) the conditional use app ication
seeks permission to use the property as a drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility; and (3)
the individual would be able to sell the property for a significant profit if the conditional
use application would be approved.
Facts: You have been authorized by Elliot Ross ( "Mr. Ross ") to request an
armory from the Commission on his behalf. You have submitted facts that may be
fairly summarized as follows.
Mr. Ross is a Supervisor for the Township of Herrick ( "Township "). The
Township Board of Supervisors consists of three Members.
Mr. Ross owns a property (the "Propert ") in the Township that is currently used
as a bar and restaurant. Mr. Ross recently f led a conditional use application for the
Property (the "Property Conditional Use Application ") that seeks permission to use the
Property as a drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility. If the Property Conditional Use
Application would be approved, Mr. Ross would be able to sell the Property for a
significant profit.
You state that there has been substantial push -back from the community with
regard to the Property Conditional Use Application. The Township is taking testimony n
public hearings, the first of which was held on June 13, 2018. A hearing fficer could be
appointed to conduct future public hearings on the Property Conditional Use
Application.
McAndrew, 18 -546
JT27, 2018
Page 2
Mr. Ross has filed a written memorandum stating that he has a pecuniary interest
in the approval or denial of the Property Conditional Use Application because it would
affect his ability to sell the Property. You state that Mr. Ross will abstain from the initial
vote on the approval or denial of the Property Conditional Use Application, at which time
the other two Township Supervisors might cast opposing votes.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you pose the following questions:
(1) Whether Mr. Ross would be permitted to participate in discussions on
issues pertaining to the Property Conditional Use Application, such as
whether to appoint a hearing officer to conduct the public hearings on the
Property Conditional Use Application;
(2) Whether Mr. Ross would be permitted to make, second, or vote on a
motion to appoint a hearing officer to conduct the public hearings on the
Property Conditional Use Application;
(3) Whether Mr. Ross would be permitted to vote to break a tie vote of the
other two Township Supervisors as to the approval or denial of the
Property Conditional Use Application; and
(4) Whether Mr. Ross would be permitted to participate in other actions of the
Township Board of Supervisors pertaining to the Property Conditional Use
Application.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics—Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10 }, (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully discllosed all of the material facts.
As a Township Supervisor, Mr. Ross is a public official subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 11030) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
0) Voting conflict.- -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
McAndrew, 18 -546
uTly 27, 2018
Page 3
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three- member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employyee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Subject to the statutory exclusions to the Ethics Act's definition of the term
"conflict" or "conflict of interest," 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public officiallpublic employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public officiallpublic employee would
be required to abstain from participation. The abstention requirement would not be
limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office including, but
not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Juliante, Order 809. Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting
conflict, Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would require the public official/public
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes.
In ap lying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
McAndrew, 18 -546
July 27, 2018
Page 4
Mr. Ross would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act
with regard to participating in discussion(s), vote(s), and/or other action(s) of the
Township Board of Supervisors pertaining to: 1) the appointment of a hearing officer to
conduct the public hearings on the Prope y Conditional Use Application; (2) the
approval or denial of the Froperty Conditional Use Application; or (3) other matters)
involving the Propert y Conditional Use Application. Subject to the voting conflict
exceptions of Section 1103(1 of the Ethics Act, Mr. Ross would be required to abstain
fully from participation in eac instance of a conflict of interest.
The exception for breaking a tie vote despite a conflict is available exclusively to
members of three - member governing bodies who first abstain and disclose their
conflicts as required by ection 11030) of the Ethics Act. See, etc Garner, Opinion 93-
004; Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
In Garner, supra, the Commission considered the issue of whether, under
Section 1 03 of the Ethics Act, a township supervisor serving on a three - member
board would be permitted to second a motion despite a conflict where the two remaining
supervisors would have opposing views or where one of the remaining two members
would be absent from the meeting. Citing Juliante, supra, the Commission first noted
that seconding a motion is a use of authority of off'ce. See, Garner, supra. The
Commission then stated:
However, the General Assembly in enacting Section
[1103 ')] would not have allowed a public officiallemployee
on a t ree member board who has a conflict to be able to
vote unless a second to the motion could be made so that
the matter would be in the posture for a vote. Thus, we
believe that since there is a need for a second to a motion in
order to make Section '103(j)] of the Ethics Law operative,
the General Assembly intended as to three members [sic]
boards for the public official with a conflict to be allowed to
second so that if the other supervisors became deadlocked,
the public official could then vote provided the disclosure
requirements are satisfied.
Garner, Opinion 93 -004 at 6. The Commission concluded that Section 11030) of the
Etl-iics Act would allow a township supervisor serving on a three - member board to
second a motion despite having a conflict where the two remaining suppervisors would
have opposing views or where one of the other two supervisors would be absent. The
Commission emphasized that its ruling was expressly limited in its application to three -
member boards and to the question of seconding a motion.
In applying Gamer to the submitted facts, you are advised as follows.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit Mr. Ross from making a motion
pertaining to the Property Conditional Use Application, including but not limited to a
motion to appoint a hearing officer to conduct the public hearings on the Property
Conditional Use Application or a motion as to the approval or denial of the Property
Conditional Use Application. However, because the Township Board of Supervisors
consists of three Members, Mr. Ross would be permitted to second a motion pertaining
to the Property Conditional Use Application where: (1) the other two Township
Supervisors would have opposing views, or (2) one of the other two Township
Supervisors would be absent. Allowing Mr. Ross to second the motion under such
circumstances would put the matter in a posture for a vote.
Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would permit Mr. Ross to vote to break a tie if
the other two Township Supervisors would cast opposing votes on a motion pertaining
to the Property Conditional Use Application —such as a motion to appoint a hearing
McAndrew, 18 -546
July 27 2018
Page 5
officer to conduct the public hearings on the Property Conditional Use Application or a
motion as to the approval or denial of the Property Conditional Use Application—
provided that Mr. Ross would initial/ 1 abstain from the vote: and 2 fullv satisfV the
isc osure requirements o owever, in voting to break a tie vote, Mr.
Ross could not otherwise use the authority of office, such as by advocating his view, in
the matter.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) Elliot Ross ( "Mr. Ross ") is
a Supervisor for the Township of Herrick ( "Township "); (2) the Township Board of
Supervisors consists of three Members Mr. Ross owns a property (the °Property ") in
the Township that is currently used as a �3) ar and restaurant; (4) Mr. Ross recently filed a
conditional use application for the Property (the "Property Conditional Use Application ")
that seeks permission to use the Property as a drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility;
(5) if the Property Conditional Use Application would be approved, Mr. Ross would be
able to sell the Property for a significant profit; (6) there has been substantial push -back
from the community with regard to the Property Conditional Use Application; (7) the
Township s taking testimony in public hearings, the first of which was held on .tune 13,
2018; ((8)a hearing officer could be appointed to conduct future public hearings on the
Properly Conditional Use Application; (9) Mr. Ross has filed a written memorandum
stating that he has a pecuniary interest in the approval or denial of the Property
Conditional Use Application because it would affect his ability to sell the Property; and
X10) Mr. Ross will abstain from the initial vote on the approval or denial of the Property
CConditional Use Application, at which time the other two Township Supervisors might
cast opposing votes, you are advised as follows.
As a Township Supervisor, Mr. Ross is a public official subject to the provisions
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et sec .
Mr. Ross would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with
regard to participating in discussion(s), vote(s), and/or other action(s) of the Township
Board of Supervisors pertaining to: (1) the appointment of a hearing fficer to conduct
the public hearings on the Property Conditional Use Application; (2) the approval or
denial of the Property Conditional Use Application; or (3) other matter(s) involving the
Property Conditional Use Application. Subject to the voting conflict exceptions of
Section 11030) of the Ethics Act, Mr. Ross would be required to abstain fully from
participation in each instance of a conflict of interest.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit Mr. Ross from making a motion
pertaining to the Property Conditional Use Application, including but not limited to a
motion to appoint a hearing officer to conduct the public hearings on the Property
Conditional Use Application or a motion as to the approval or denial of the Property
Conditional Use Application. However, because the Township Board of Supervisors
consists of three Members, Mr. Ross would be permitted to second a motion pertaining
to the Property Conditional Use Application where: (1) the other two Township
Supervisors would have opposing views; or (2) one of the other two Township
Supervisors would be absent. Allowing Mr. Ross to second the motion under such
circumstances would put the matter in a posture for a vote.
Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would permit Mr. Ross to vote to break a tie if
the other two Township Supervisors would cast opposing votes on a motion pertaining
to the Property Conditional Use Application --such as a motion to appoint a hearing
officer to conduct the public hearings on the Property Conditional Use Application or a
motion as to the approval or denial of the Property Conditional Use Application —
provided that Mr. Ross would initially: (1) abstain from the vote; and (2) „ fully „satisfy the
McAndrew, 18 -546
July 27, 2018
Page 6
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(1). However, in voting to break a tie vote, Mr.
Ross could not otherwise use the authority of office, such as by advocating his view, in
the matter.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(l 1) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writingg and must be act�ualIV
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel