HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-663 WilliamsonRobert G. Williamson,
190 Washington Street
P.O. Box 423
East Stroudsburg, PA
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 8, 1988
Esquire
18301 -0423
88 -66'
: Conflict of Interest, Township Supervisor, Contracti1N
the Township
Dear ° ' „. Williamson:
.i3 responds to your letter of November 4, 1988, i. which
you req tsted advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: "'' the State Ethics Act presents any prohibition „
restrictions upon a second class township supervisor rom
contractin with the township.
Facts: Yon have telephonically advised that you aro the
solicitor for a township and that you are asking on behalf of a
township supervisor whether he could bid on a township pro jec' -.
Specifically you request advice as to whether the second c1as
townshi, supervisor may bid on a project in his township ii tine
nnocess is done through an open and public bidding in accordance
with t' .6 Second Class Township Code.
Discussion: As a township supervisor, the individual is a public
official as th' t term is defined under the Ethics Act. 65 P.
S402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. As such, his conduct is subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act and the restrictions therein are
applicable to him.
Secti:dn 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
Robert G. Williamson, Esquire
December 8, 1988
Page 2
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. §403(a).
Under Section 3(a) quoted above, the State Ethics Commission
has determined that use of office by a public official to obtain
a financial gain for himself or a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he is associated which is not provided
for in law transgresses the above provision of law. Thus, use of
office by a public official to obtain a financial gain which is
not authorized as part of his compensation is prohibited by
Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon, Orders No. 128, 129, affirmed
McCutcheon v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529, 466
A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet, Order No. 412 -R, affirmed Yacobet v.
State Ethics Commission, 109 Pa. Commw. Ct. 432, 531 A.2d 536
(1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit
a public official /employee from using public office to advance
his own interests; Koslow, Order 458 -R, affirmed Koslow v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 540 A.2d 1374 (1988).
Likewise, a public official /employee may not use the status or
position of public office for his own personal advantage; Huff,
Opinion 84 -015.
In applying the above provision of law, the Commission has
Determined that if a particular statutory enactment prohibits an
officials receipt of a particular benefit, than that officials
receipt of such a prohibited benefit in and through his public
office would also be a use of office in violation of the Ethics
Act. The Commission has been called upon, on various occasions,
to determine whether a specific benefit or financial gain is
prohibited by law. See Allan, Advice 86 -518. In order to
determine whether a particular benefit or gain is strictly
prohibited by law, the provision of the enabling legislation of
the governmental body in question must be reviewed. In the
Listant matter, the Second Class Township Code provides as
follows:
"(f) Except as herein provided, no township
official, either elected or appointed, who
knows, or who by the exercise of reasonable
diligence, could know, shall be interested to
any appreciable degree, either directly or
indirectly, in any contract for the sale or
furnishing of any supplies or materials for
the use of the township, or for any work to
be done for such township involving the
expenditure by the township of more than
Robert G. Williamson, Esquire
December 8, 1988
Page 3
three hundred dollars ($300) in any year, but
this limitation shall not apply to cases
where such officer, or appointee of the
township, is an employe of the person, firm
or corporation to which the money is to be
paid in a capacity with no possible
influence on the transaction, and in which he
cannot be possibly benefited thereby, either
financially or otherwise: Provided, however,
That in the case of a supervisor, if he knows
that he is within the exception just
mentioned, he shall so inform the supervisors
and shall refrain from voting on the
expenditures, or any ordinance relating
thereto, and shall in no manner participate
therein: Provided, further, That any such
official or appointee who shall knowingly
violate this provision shall be subject to
surcharge to the extent of the damage shown
to be thereby sustained by the township,
ouster from office, and shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof,
shall be sentenced to pay a fine not
exceeding five hundred dollars ($500):
Provided, That in the case of the purchase of
material for the construction,
reconstruction, maintenance and improvement
of roads and bridges, the contract, which
shall be in writing, and shall be let only on
standard specifications of the Department of
Transportation, and materials so purchased
shall only be used in accordance with
specification so of said department."
53 P.S. S65802(f).
The Second Class Township Code does not appear to contain
any exception to the above provision that is applicable in the
instant situation. Although you have not set forth a detailed
factual background, it appears that the township supervisor
individually is attempting to contract with the township.
Assuming that the contracting would be over the threshold amount
set forth in the Code, then such contracting would be prohibited.
This Commission has in the past determined that where a public
official individually or through a business with which he is
associated would be prohibited from receiving compensation for
-providing services or transacting business with his governmental
body then such would be prohibited under Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Act. Weaver, Opinion 85 - 014. Therefore, based upon 17.e
prior rulings of this Commission, the township supervisor woi 1d
Robert G. Williamson, Esquire
December 8, 1388
Page 4
appear to be prohibited from receiving any funds from the
township for services rendered or in relation to any other
business transaction exceeding $300.00. Thus, since the
financial gain appears to be prohibited by law under the
applicable Code, then the receipt of this financial gain in and
through the public position would also appear to be prohibited by
Sect_cn 3(a) of the State Ethics Act. See Fyda, Order 438 -R.
In addition to the foregoing, the State Ethics Act provides
as follows:
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides:
(c) No public official or public employee or
a member of his immediate family or any
business in which the person or a member of
the person's immediate family is a director,
officer, owner or holder of stock exceeding
5% of the equity at fair market value of the
business shall enter into any contract valued
at $500 or more with a governmental body
unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public
disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. Any contract made in
violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is cor.:.ienced within EC days cf
making of the contract. 65 P.S. 403(c).
In relation to the above provision of law, the State Ethics
Commission has generally determined that this provision is a
procedure to be used when a public official or employee
contracts with his own governmental body in excess of $500.
Bryan, Opinion 80 -014; Lynch, Opinion 79 -047. The Commission,
however, has also determined that the above provision of law is
not a general authorization for a public official to contract
with his own governmental body where such is otherwise prohibited
by law. The above provision of law clearly is intended to be a
procedure to be utilized where contracting is otherwise allowed
by law. For example, if a particular business transaction was
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the State Ethics Act, then this
particular section would also prohibit a public official from
being interested in a contract.
Robert G. Williamson, Esquire
December 8, 1988
Page 5
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of law would require
that an additional procedure, the open and public process, must
be used in all situations where a public official is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body in
excess of $500. This open and public process would require:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or
contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor /applicant to be able to prepare
and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or
proposals considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and
offered and accepted. See, Cantor, 82 -004.
Thus, in the event that contracting would be allowed, the
above process must be employed. Lastly, it must be noted that
the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a township supervisor, the individual is a public
official subject to the provisions of the State Ethics Act.
Based upon the information provided herein and if the contract
exceeded $300.00, the Ethics Act would prohibit the township
supervisor from receiving any financial gain that is strictly
prohibited by law. A member of the Township Board of Supervisors
who receives such a compensation for himself or a business with
which he is associated would be receiving a financial gain that
is strictly prohibited by law. Such would be received in and
through public office and would not be in accord with the State
Ethics Act.
Parenthetically, in the event that there had been no such
prohibition upon the receipt of this compensation, then the
Ethics Act, generally, would not have been precluded in and of
itself this contracting possibility. However, the township
supervisor could not participate in any actions relating to the
award of the contract by the township and all contracting must be
must be accomplished through an open and public process as set
forth above.
Robert G. Williamson, Esquire
December 8, 1988
Page
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
1)
Vincent J. Dopko,
QTA,