HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-633 HarrisDear Mr. Harris:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 3, 1988
Mr. Donald Harris 88 -633
Senior Planner
Gateway View Plaza
1600 West Carson Street
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Re: Conflict of Interest, Public Employee, Former Public
Employee, City Senior Planner, Acceptance of Position of
Associate Director of Non - Profit Corporation
This responds to your letter of August 29, 1988, with
attachments in which you requested advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the State Ethics Act presents any
restrictions or prohibition upon your potential employment as
Associate Director of a non - profit corporation following the
termination of your service as Senior Planner with the Community
Planning Division of the City.
Facts: With your letter of August 29, 1988, you have submitted
additional documents consisting of a conflict of interest issue
disclosure, conflict of interest questionnaire, a memorandum
dated August 4, 1988 from the Law Department of the City of
Pittsburgh regarding "Conflict of Interest -Don Harris ", June
Executive Director's Report, a July 12, 1988 Board Resolution of
the Homewood - Brushton Revitalization and Development Corporation
(HBRDC), Pittsburgh press clippings of May 22, 1988 and July 21,
1988, a statement of the finalists for the Associate Director's
position, questionnaire, job description for Associate Director,
Associate Director position summary sheet, an unexecuted
agreement between the City of Pittsburgh and HBRDC, statement of
scope and services for HBRDC for 1988, letter of Jane Downing
dated April 18, 1986, letter of Robert Lurcott dated October 10,
1987 and job listing for the position of Senior Planner with the
City of Pittsburgh.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 2
You state that you are currently in the position of a Senior
Planner with the Community Planning Division of the City of
Pittsburgh in the Department of City Planning and have been
selected and offered the position of.Associate Director of HBRDC.
After noting that the job announcement for the position was
published in a newspaper of general circulation and that you
applied for said position and were granted an interview based
upon your resume, you state that you were deemed the most
qualified individual and offered the position pending any
necessary code of conduct and conflict of interest clearances.
You have submitted various documents specified above and request
a review of those documents and advice as to whether your
acceptance of the position of Associate Director of HBRDC would
be implicated by any of the provisions of the Ethics Act. The
following information is contained in the above attachments and
may be summarized as follows. In your position as Senior Planner
your salary is paid in part from Community Development Block
Grant (CDBG) funds from HUD and as Community Planner for the
Homewood - Brushton ,Area, you were contract manager for contracts
between the City of Pittsburgh, hereinafter City and HBRDC with
the funds for such contracts coming out of the City's yearly CDBG
allocation. Because of your position as Community Planner for
the Homewood - Brushton Area wherein you managed the HBRDC's CDBG
contracts with the City Planning Department wherein part of your
salary was paid from CDBG funds, potential conflict of interest
existed which warranted public disclosure in the July 12, 1988
Board of Directors meeting of HBRDC and in a July 21, 1988
addition of the Pittsburgh Post - Gazette. In the "conflicts
prohibited" document, it is recited: that you did not
participate in the decision making process as to the award or the
amount of funding relative to HBRDC and that you were unaware of
the Associate Director's position opening until you read the job
announcement in the Pittsburgh Courier; that you intend to resign
your position as Senior Planner to accept the position of
Associate Director; that the position of Associate Director was
advertised; that resumes were submitted and that you were deemed
the most qualified individual for the position. The Law
Department for the City of Pittsburgh in its August 24, 1988
memorandum issued an opinion that your acceptance of the position
of Associate Director of HBRDC would not violate local law but
recommended that you contact the State Ethics Commission to
determine how your conduct would impact upon the State Ethics
Act. You requested such advice in your letter of August 29,
1988.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 3
Discussion: As a Senior Planner in the Department of City
Planning of the City of Pittsburgh, you are a "public employee"
as that term is defined under the Ethics Act. 65 P.S. S402; 51
Pa. Code 51.1. As such, your ,conduct is subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act and the restrictions therein are
applicable to you.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. 5403(a).
Under Section 3(a) quoted above, the State Ethics Commission
has determined that use of office by a public official to obtain
a financial gain for himself or a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he is associated which is not provided
for in law transgresses the above provision of law. Thus, use of
office by a public official to obtain a financial gain which is
not authorized as part of his compensation is prohibited by
Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon, Orders No. 128, 129, affirmed
McCutcheon v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529, 466
A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet, Order No. 412 -R, affirmed Yacobet v.
State Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 531 A.2d 536
(1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit
a public official /employee from using public office to advance
his own interests; Koslow, Order 458 -R, affirmed Koslow v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 540 A.2d 1374 (1988).
Likewise, a public official /employee may not use the status or
position of public office for his own personal advantage; Huff,
Opinion 84 -015.
Under Section 3(a) above, you could not use your public
position or any confidential information as a means of advancing
yourself for the new position you seek. Bover, Advice 88 -616.
However, since it appears that the job position was advertised in
the paper and that you were merely one of several applicants who
applied for this position, after a review of all the resumes and
interviews, it does not appear based upon those facts that there
was any use of office or confidential information on your part to
obtain the offer of the position of Associate Director.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 4
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a member. of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public employee or candidate for public
office would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
403(b).
Under Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a
public official or employee must observe, a public official or
employee must neither offer nor accept anything of value on the
understanding or with the intention that his judgment would be
influenced thereby. It is assumed such a situation does not
exist here. This Section is referenced not to indicate that any
such activity has been or will be undertaken but in an effort to
provide a complete response to your inquiry.
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee
shall represent a person, with or without
compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that
body. 65 P.S. S403.
If you resign as City Planner and thus terminate your
employment, you would become a former public employee subject to
the provisions of Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act quoted above.
In order to determine the application of the restrictions of
Section 3(e) upon your conduct for the one year period after you
leave governmental service, it is necessary to identify the
"governmental body" with which you are associated while working
with the City of Pittsburgh. Then the scope of the prohibitions
associated with the concept in term "representation" must be
reviewed.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 5
In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled
that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be
deemed to have been associated during his tenure of public office
or employment extends to those entities where he had influence,
responsibility, supervision, or control. See Ewing, Opinion 79-
010. See also Kury v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics
Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appears to
have been the City Planning Department, hereinafter Department.
Thus, the "governmental body" with which you have been
"associated" upon the termination of your employment would be
the Department. Therefore, within the first year after you would
leave the City of Pittsburgh, hereinafter City, Section 3(e) of
the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of
persons or new employers vis -a -vis the Department.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
Department. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the type
of employment in which you may engage, following your departure
from the City. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of
interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally
is that during the term of a person's public employment he must
act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association
with his former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014;
Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation"
as follows:
Section 1.1 Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any
person including but not limited to the
following activities: personal appearances,
negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of the
- former public official or public employee.
51 Pa. Code 51.1.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 6
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the
term "representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or
bodies with which you have been associated, (that is the
Department), including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations on contracts with the Department;
2. Attempts to influence the Department;
3. Participating in any matters before the Department over
which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by the City;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the Department in relation to
legislation, regulations, etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and
Seltzer, Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or
bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the Department, constitutes
an attempt to influence your former governmental body. See
Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave the City, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a
"pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by the
Department, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
Opinion 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to the Department so long as you are not identified as
the preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before the Department. Once again, however,
your activity in this respect should not be revealed to the
Department. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not
prohibit or preclude you from making general informational
inquiries of the Department to secure information which is
available to the general public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023.
This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the
Department your representation of, or work for your new employer.
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 7
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are
administering an existing contract as opposed to negotiating or
renegotiating a contract, your activities would not be prohibited
by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, Advice
81 -538.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Senior Planner for the City Planning Department
of Pittsburgh, you are a "public employee" subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act. Under the facts and circumstances
as noted above, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would not preclude
you from obtaining the position as Associate Director of HBRDC.
Upon termination of your service with the City, you would become
a "former public employee" subject_to the restrictions imposed by
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should
conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above.
Your governmental body for the purpose of the one year
representation restriction is the Department. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as
outlined above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also
requires you to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the
year following your termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Mr. Donald Harris
October 3, 1988
Page 8
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12,.
Sincerely,
''))/to
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel