HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-611 WurstaMr. Philip W. Wursta
1911 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Dear Mr. Wursta:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 15, 1988
88 - 611
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e); Civil Engineer II;
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
This responds to your letter of June 2, 1988, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions
upon your potential employment following your termination of
service with the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
Facts: You state that as of March 16, 1988, you terminated your
employment with the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation,
hereinafter PennDot, and are now employed in the transportation
industry with Pennoni Associates Inc. of Philadelphia. You
state that you were involved with District 6 -0 Traffic
Engineering Unit, hereinafter District, wherein your duties
consisted of traffic signal design. After advising that you were
not involved in decisions on state projects which might create a
conflict of interest, you then state that the prohibition under
the Ethics Act may limit your current employers competitiveness
regarding bids on state projects because your current job duties
include review and design of traffic signals and site development
plans. You conclude by requesting that the prohibition against
working on state projects for one year be waived.
Although your job description is unavailable at this point
in time, this Commission has received a photo copy of the
classification specification for an Civil Engineer II which is
incorporated herein by reference. An individual in that position
performs the following duties and responsibilities:
Mr. Philip W. Wursta
July 15, 1988
Page 2
"Definition: This is professional work in the field of
civil engineering. An employe in this class performs a
variety of engineering duties associated with the
location, design, or construction of roads, bridges,
buildings, flood control projects, mine reclamation
projects, recreational structures and facilities, or
other civil engineering projects, transportation
planning, or traffic control of highways. Work
involves independently performing preliminary
engineering studies, conducting location or foundation
investigations, preparing plans and specifications,
serving as construction engineer on the less complex
projects, or assisting a higher -level engineer on
substantial portions of complex projects. Emphasis is
placed upon the application of a broad knowledge of
engineering principles and practices to varied and
comprehensive engineering projects. Work is assigned
with general instructions and objectives by a technical
supervisor who provides assistance when difficult
problems are encountered and reviews completed work for
adherence to sound engineering practices.
Discussion: As a Civil Engineer II for PennDot, you are to be
considered a "public employee" within the definition of that
term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. This conclusion is
based upon your job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature
with respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or
other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimus on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee
shall represent a person, with or without
compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that
body. 65 P.S. S403.
Initially, to answer your request the "governmental body"
with which you were associated while working PennDot must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
Mr. Philip W. Wursta
July 15, 1988
Page 3
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed. In
this context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled that the
"governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to
have been associated during his tenure of public office or
employment extends to those entities where he had influence,
responsibility, supervision, or control. See Ewing, Opinion 79-
010. See also Kury v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics
Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appears to
have been the District. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you have been "associated" upon the termination of your
employment would be the District. Therefore, within the first
year after you would leave PennDot, Section 3(e) of the Ethics
Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or
new employers vis -a -vis the District.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
District. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the type
of employment in which you may engage, following your departure
from PennDot. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of
interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally
is that during the term of a person's public employment he must
act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association
with his former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014;
Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation"
as follows:
Section 1.1 Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act_on behalf of any
person including but not limited to the
following activities: personal appearances,
negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of the
former public official or public employee.
51 Pa. Code §1.1.
Mr. Philip W. Wursta
July 15, 1988
Page 4
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the
term "representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or
bodies with which you have been associated, (that is the
District), including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations on contracts with the District;
2. Attempts to influence the District;
3. Participating in any matters before the District over
which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by PennDot;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the District in relation to
legislation, regulations, etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and
Seltzer, Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or
bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the District, constitutes an
attempt to influence your former governmental body. See
Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave PennDot, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a
"pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by the
District, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
Opinion 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to the District so long as you are not identified as
the preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before the District. Once again, however,
your activity in this respect should not be revealed to the
District. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not
prohibit or preclude you from making general informational
inquiries of the District to secure information which is
available to the general public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023.
This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the
District your representation of, or work for your new employer.
Mr. Philip W. Wursta
July 15, 1988
Page 5
Finally,
administering
renegotiating
by the Ethics
81 -538.
the Commission has concluded that if you are
an existing contract as opposed to negotiating or
a contract, your activities would not be prohibited
Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, Advice
Regarding your request that the prohibition of Section 3(e)
be waived for you, please be advised that Section 3(e) is a
statutory restriction imposed upon former public
officials /employees and may not be waived. See Obelmelias,
Advice 88 -575.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public employee or candidate for public
office would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
403(b).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act must be referenced in order
to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a public official or
employee must observe, a public official or employee must neither
offer nor accept anything of value on the understanding or with
the intention that his judgment would be influenced thereby. It
is assumed such a situation does not exist here. This Section is
referenced not to indicate that any such activity has been or
will be undertaken but in an effort to provide a complete
response to your inquiry.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Civil Engineer II, you are to be considered a
"public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination
of your service with PennDot, you would become a "former public
Mr. Philip W. Wursta
July 15, 1988
Page 6
employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of
the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should conform to the
requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above. Your
governmental body for the purpose of the one year representation
restriction is the District. Lastly, the propriety of your
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethic Act.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as
outlined above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also
requires you to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the
year following your termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
General Counsel