HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-597 TwardowskiMr. Bernard Twardowski
Edinboro University of PA
Personnel Office
McNerney Hall
Edinboro, PA 16444
Dear Twardowski:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 5, 1988
88 -597
Re: Statement of Financial Interests, Public Employee, Director
of Student Development, Edinboro University
This responds to your financial disclosure appeal received
by the State Ethics Commission on May 23, 1988 which will be
treated as a request of advice.
Issue: You ask whether in your capacity as a Director of Student
Development with the Edinboro University, hereinafter, the
University, you are to be considered a "public employee" as that
term is defined in the Ethics Act, and therefore, whether you are
required to file a Statement of Financial Interests pursuant to
the Ethics Act.
Facts: You question whether your activities and functions fall
within the purview of the definition of "public employee" as that
phrase is defined in the State Ethics Act and the regulations of
this Commission. In order to review the question presented, the
duties and responsibilities associated with your position as
contained in your job description and the classification
specifications for this position will be outlined. Your duties
and responsibilities are set forth in your job description which
is incorporated herein by reference. An employee in this
position:
"1. Supervises the professional staff who are
responsible for the Activities Office, the
Intramural and Recreation Office, the
Wellness Center, and the Student Government
functions. There are four professional staff
members, one professional secretary, one
bookkeeper, two graduate assistants, one or
Mr. Bernard Twlydowski
July 5, 1988
Page 2
two interns, and approximately twenty student
workers assigned to the Student Development
Division. We are also responsible for the
"Spectator," the University newspaper, which
has a part -time faculty advisor to Student
Development.
2. Develop budgets for each of the offices
described above.
3. Provide exit interviews and counseling for
students withdrawing from the University.
4. Plans and coordinates New Student Orientation
activities.
5. Supervise the mailing and dissemination of
all registration materials for students
enrolled at the University.
6 Plan and coordinate Tuesday Night Series
Program."
Discussion: As set forth above, the question ':.o b -r: 'veered here
is clear. Specifically, are you, in your capacity as a Director
of Student Development serving with the University to be
considered a "public employee." The State Ethics Act defines
that term as follows:
Section 2. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed
by the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision who is responsible for taking or
reccmmending official action of a
nonministerial nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring
grants or subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing,
regulating or auditing any
person; or
(5) any other activity where the
official action has an
economic impact of greater
Mr. Bernard Twardowski
July 5, 1988
Page 3
than a de minimus nature
on the interests of any
person. 65 P.S. §402.
"Public employee" shall not include
individuals who are employed by the State or
any political subdivision thereof in teaching
as distinguished from administrative duties.
65 P.S. §402.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly
define the term public employee as above and also set forth that
the term includes any individual:
(B) who meets the criteria of either
subclause (I) or (II):
(I) The individual is:
( -a -) a person who normally
performs his responsibility in the
field without on -site supervision;
( -b -) the immediate supervisor
of a person who normally performs
his responsibility in the field
without on -site supervision; or
( -c -) the supervisor of any
highest level field office.
(II) The individual is a person:
( -a -) who:
( -1 -) has the authority to make
final decisions;
( -2 -) has the authority to
forward or stop recommendations
from being sent to the person or
body with the authority to make
final decisions;
( -3 -) prepares or supervises
the preparation of final
recommendations; or
( -4 -) makes final technical
recommendations; and
( -b -) whose recommendations or
actions:
( -1 -) are an inherent and
recurring part of his position; and
Mr. Bern' rd Twardowski
July 5, 1388
Pere 4
( -2 -) affect organizations
other than his own organization.
(ii) The term does not include individuals
who are employed by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of the Commonwealth in
teaching as distinguished from administrative
duties.
(iii) Persons in the positions listed below
are generally considered public employees.
(A) Executive and special
directors or assistants reporting
directly to the agency head or
governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors,
division chiefs, or heads of
equivalent organization elements
and other governmental body
department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in
representing the department,
agency, or other governmental
bodies before the public.
(D) Solicitors, engineers,
managers, and secretary - treasurers
acting as managers, police chiefs,
chief clerks, chief purchasing
agents, grant and contract
managers, housing and building
inspectors, sewer enforcement
officers, and zoning officers in
all governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators,
assistants for fiscal affairs, and
deputies for the minor judiciary.
(F) School business -managers and
principals.
(iv) Persons in the positions listed below
are generally not considered public
employees.
Mr. Bernard Twardowski
July 5, 1988
Page 5
(A) City clerks, other clerical
staff, road masters, secretaries,
police officers, welfare case
workers, maintenance workers,
construction workers, detectives,
equipment operators, and recreation_
directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers,
court reporters, probation
officers, security guards, and writ
servers.
(C) School teachers and clerk of
the schools. 51 Pa. Code X1.1.
The question you . present must be reviewed under these
provisions of the statute and the regulations of the Commission
in light of your duties and obligations as described in the job
description under which you operate. The inquiry necessarily
focuses on the job itself and not on the individual incumbent in
the position, the variable functions of the position, or the
manner in which a particular individual occupying a position may
carry out those functions. See McClure, Opinion 83 -001;
Phillips, Opinion 82 -008, affirmed on appeal, 79 Pa. Cmwlth. 491,
470 A.2d 659 (1984); and Mummau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402
(E.D. Pa. 1982).
Also, in reviewing your question, the Commonwealth Court in
its ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs this
Commission to construe coverage of the Ethics Act broadly, rather
than narrowly, and conversely, directs that exclusions from the
Ethics Act should be narrowly construed. Based upon this
directive and reviewing the definition of "public employee" in
the statute and the regulations and opinions of this Commission,
in light of your job functions and the information available,
the conclusion is that while you serve in this capacity, you are
a "public employee" subject to the financial reporting and
disclosure requirements of the State Ethics Act.
It is clear that in your capacity as a Director of Student
Developoment, you have the ability to recommend official action
within the definition of "public employee" as set forth in the
Ethics Act, 65 P.S. §402. Specifically, you develop budgets for
each of the offices that are listed in your job description and
since you develop the budget it is clear that your actions have
an ecomonic impact of greater than a de minimus nature on the
interests of other persons. Therefore since your position falls
Mr. Bernard Twardowski
July 5, 1988
Page 6
within Section ..5 of the definition of "public employee ", you are
to be considered a public employee as that term is defined under
the State Ethics Act.
Conclusion: Based upon the above discussion, you are to be
considered a "public employee" in your capacity as a Director of
Student Development with the University. Accordingly, you must
file a Statement of Financial Interests for each year in which
you hold the position outlined above and for the year following
your termination of this service.
If you have not already done so, a Statement of Financial
Interests must be filed within 15 days of this Advice. This
Statement of Financial Interests would report information of the
prior calendar year. Please file the original of such a
Statement with this Commission to insure compliance with this
Advice, provide the yellow copy to your Personnel Office and
retain the green copy for your records.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a former Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J._Dopko,
General Counsel