HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-585 GoodJulia A. Good
R.D. #2, Box 113AC
Hummelstown, PA 17036
Dear Ms. Good:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 14, 1988
88 -585
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), State Treasury
Department, Director of Purchasing and Maintenance
This responds to your letter of May 19, 1988, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You a;k whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions
upon your potential employment following your termination of
service with the Office of State Treasury.
Facts: You state that you are currently the Director of
Purchasing and Maintenance in the Bureau of Purchasing and
Maintenance, hereinafter Bureau, in the office of the State
Treasury, hereinafter Treasury. After noting that you will resign
on June 3, 1988, you state that beginning June 13th you will work
at Novinger's Inc. as a project manager wherein your duties will
consist of coordinating renovation projects, furniture
installations and other miscellaneous projects. You then note
that you will be working on behalf of both private corporation
projects and state projects although you will not be in a
position to do any actual selling to the State.
In your job description specification which is incorporated
here and by reference, it is noted that your duties and
responsibilities consist of the following: responsibility for
the entire Bureau, analysis and preparation of the budget;
purchasing all materials, supplies, services and
Ms. Julia A. Good
June 14, 1988
Page 2
periodicals; implementing and main the telephone
inventory and activities; responsibility for the
telecommunication activity; gathering of facts and
information relative to purchasing maintenance and other
areas; responsibility for the upkeep of the auto fleet;
providing assistance in closing the books; coordinating with
contractors and G.S. in office improvements, maintenance and
renovations; processing invoices for payment; coordinating
as to any special assignment; service on various committees;
responsibility for recommendations as to new or proposed
procedures; coordination with G.S. or vendors for purchase
complaints; recommendations on personnel activity to the
Administrative office and performing such other duties as
are required in your position.
As a Director of Purchasing and Maintenance for State
Treasury, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code 51.1.
This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have
the power to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting or other activities where the economic
impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another
person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee
shall represent a person, with or without
compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that
body. 65 P.S. 5403.
Initially, to answer your request it is necessary to
identify the "governmental body" with which you were associated
while working with the Treasury. Then, the scope of the
prohibitions associated with the concept and term of
"representation" must be reviewed. In this context, the Ethics
Commission has previously ruled that the "governmental body" with
Ms. Julia A. Good
June 14, 1988
Page 3
which an individual may be deemed ',:o hai,e been associated during
his tenure of public office or employment extends to those
entities where he had influence, responsibility, sipervision, or
control. See Ewing, Opinion 79 -010. See also Kury v.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commis"ion, 435 A.2d
940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, yo»r
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and cont):ol appears to
have been the Bureau. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you have been "associated" upon the termination of your
employment would be the Bureau. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave the Treasury, Section 3(e) of the Ethics
Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or
new employers vis -a -vis the Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
Bureau. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the type of
amployment in which you may engage, following your departure from
the Treasury. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of
interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally
is that during the term of a person's public employment he must
act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment •r
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association
with his former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014;
Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation the bthics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "re- presen ^n"
as follows:
Section 1.1 Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any
person including but not limited to the
following activities: personal appearances,
negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of the
former public official or public employee.
51 Pa. Code S1.1.
Ms. Julia A. :
June 14, 1988
Page 4
The Commission, in its opin_ has also interpreted the
term "representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or
bodies with which you have been associated, (that is the Bureau),
including, but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on
contracts with the Bureau;
2. Attempts to influence the Bureau;
3. Participating in any matters before the Bureau over
which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by the Treasury;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the Bureau in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and Seltzer,
Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on'such proposal, document, or
bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the Bureau, constitutes an
attempt to influence your former governmental. body. See
Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave the Treasury, you should not engage in the type
of activity outlined above. (The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a
"pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by the
Bureau, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
Opinion 84 -007).
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to the Bureau so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before the Bureau. Once again, however, your
activity in this respect should not be revealed to the Bureau.
Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the
Bureau to secure information which is available to the general
public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023. This, of course, must not be
done in an effort to indirectly influence these entities or to
otherwise make known to the Bureau your representation of, or
work for your new employer.
Ms. Julia A. Good
June 14, 1988
Page 5
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are
administering an existing contract as opposed to negotiating c)r
renegotiating a contract, your activities would not be prc 3bited
by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, 'ice
81 -538.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public employee or candidate for public
office would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
403(b).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act :must be referenced in c
to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a public official c
employee must observe, a public official or employee must ne7_th,
offer nor accept anything of value on the understanding or with
the intention that his judgment would be influenced thereby. Tt
is assumed such a situation does not exist here. This Section is
referenced not to indicate that any such activity has been or
will be undertaken but in an effort to provide a complete
response to your inquiry.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
aedressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Director of Purchasing and Maintenance,
you are to be considered a "public employee" as defined in the
Ethics Act. Upon termination of your service with the Treasury,
you would become a "former public employee" subject to the
restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such,
Ms. Julia L.
June 14, 1988
Page 6
your conduct should conform to the requ.iremerts of the Ethics Aci..
as outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the
one year representation restriction is the Bureau. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available of
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before thy.
Commission will be scheduled and a former Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal rust Ile riadc, in
writing, to the .Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
General Counsel