HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-574 KennedySTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 2, 1988
Mr. Michael S. Kennedy.
121 Hill Lane
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Re: Employ:-a; Department of Community Affairs, Director of the
Bureau of Housing and Development
Dear Mr. Kennedy:
88 - 574
This responds to your letter of April 12, 1988, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any
restrictions upon your potential employment following your
termination of service with the Department of Community Affairs.
Facts: In your advice request of April 12, 198i1 you indicate
that you are currently the Director of the Bureau of Housing and
Development, hereinafter Bureau, with the Department of Community
Affairs, hereinafter DCA, and that effective May 2, 1988 you will
be resigning that position to take other employment. Your job
description specification, which is incorporated here in by
reference, indicates that your duties and responsibilities as
Bureau Director involve directing, supervising and administering
the Bureau. The Bureau oversees three divisions: Community
Development Division, Small Communities Program Division and
Manufactured Housing Division. The Bureau as hereinafter
referenced will specifically include the above three divisions.
As to the Community Development Division, you are responsible for
directing the activities therein which provide technical and
financial assistance to local governments under the
Redevelopment and Housing Assistance Act for
Redevelopment /Housing and Economic Development Programs, the
Federal "Rental Rehabilitation Program" and the Appalachian
Regional Commission Housing and Revolving Loan Fund Program. As
to the Small Communities Program Division, you are required to
direct the activities therein which provides technical and
financial assistance to local governments from funds granted to
Mr. Michael . i(enneay
June 2, 1988
Page 2
the Commonwealth via the Federal Community Development Block
Grant Program. As to the Manufactured Housing Division, you
direct the activities therein which include administration of
regulations for compliance with State Industrialized Housing
Construction Standards by manufacturing firms, acting as the
"State Administrative Agency" and administering the program to
assure manufactures compliance with Federal Mobile Home
Construction Standards and administration of the "Building Energy
Conservation Act 222." In addition you are responsible for
directing disaster response and temporary housing activities for
DCA. Additionally, you. are responsible for coordinating Bureau
activities with Regional Directors, Regional Analysts and other
Bureaus; for interacting with federal, state and local agencies
to insure a continuous and up to date flow of communicetionsg
representing the Bureau and its interests with the Executive
Office; implementing policy that is developed and provided ix the
Executive Office, and performing other miscellaneous duties as is
required for the position. You conclude by requesting advice as
to what limitations the Ethics Act would place upon you as to any
involvement with the Commonwealth following the termination of
your employment.
Discussion: As a Director for Bureau of Housing and
Development, you are to be considered a "public employee" within
the definition of that term as set forth in 4th Ethics Act an
the regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 5 Pa. Code
S1.1. This conclusion is based upon your job descrLjtion, which
when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates - clearly that you
have the power to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting or other activities where the economic
impact is greater than deminimus on the interests of another
person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of :he
Ethics Act. Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No for: official or public employee shall
represent a person, with or without compensation,
on any matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year after he
leaves that body. 65 P.S. 403.
Mr. Michael S. Kennedy
June 2, 1988
Page 3
Initially, to answer your request it is necessary to
identify the "governmental body" with which you were associated
while working with DCA. Then, the scope of the prohibitions
associated with the concept and term of "representation" must be
reviewed. In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously
ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may
be deemed to have been associated during his tenure of public
office or employment extends to those entities where he had
influence, responsibility, supervision, or control. See Ewing,
Opinion 79 -010. See also Kuril vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appears to
have been the Bureau. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you have been "associated" upon the termination of your
employment would be the Bureau. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave DCA, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would
apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or new
employers vis -a -vis the Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
Bureau. Likewise, thee is no general limitation on type of
employment in which you may engage, following your departure • f -om
DCA. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of interest ley is
primarily concerned with financial conflicts and violations of
the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that during
the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently
with the public trust and upon departure from the public sector,
that individual should not be allowed to utilize his association
with the public sector, officials or employees to secure for
himself or a new employer, treatment or benefits that may be
obtainable only because of his association with his former public
employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014; Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the
Ethics Commission has promulgated regulations to define
"representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying,
Mr. Michael S. Keanedy
•Tune 2, 1988
Page 4
and submitting bid or contract proposals which are
signed by or contain the name of the former public
official or public employee. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the
term "representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or
bodies with which you have been associated, (that is the Bureau),
including, but not limited, to, negotiations or renegotiations on
contracts with the Bureau;
2. Attempts to influence the Bureau;
3. Participating in any matters before the Bureau over
which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by DCA;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the Bureau in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and Seltzer,
Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission, has also held that preparing and signing a.
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or
bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the Bureau, constitutes an
attempt to influence your former governmental body. See
Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave DCA, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a
"pricing proposal, " even if submitted to or reviewed by the
Bureau, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
Opinion 84 -007.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to the Bureau so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before the Bureau. Once again, however, your
activity in this respect should not be revealed to the Bureau.
• Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you f making general informational inquiries of the
Bureau to secure infoiwation which is available to the general
public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023. This of course, must not be
Mr. Michael S. Kennedy
June 2, 1988
Page 5
done in an effort to indirectly influence these entities or
otherwise make known to the Bureau your representation of, or
work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are
administering an existir.g contract as opposed to negotiating a
contract, your activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics
Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, Advice 81 -538.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business
with which he is associated, and no
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of
future employment based on any
understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgment of the public
employee or candidate for public office
would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
403(b).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act must be referenced in order
to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a public official or
employee must observe, a public official or employee must neither
offer or accept anything of value on the understanding or with
the intention that his judgment would be influenced thereby. It
is assumed such a situation does not exist here. This Section is
referenced not to indicate that any such activity has been or
will be undertaken but in an effort to provide a complete
response to your inquiry.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statue, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Director of the Bureau of Housing and
Development, you are to be considered a "public employee" as
defined in the Ethics ACt. Upon termination of your service with
Mr. Michae:. 3. KenneC.
June 2, 1988
Page 6
DCA, you would become a "former public employee" subject to the
restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such,
your conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act
as outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the
one year representation restriction is the Bureau.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a former Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel