HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-569 McClureJohn M. McClure, Esquire
Broad and Mechanic Streets
95 North Broad Street
P.O. Box 1011
Doylestown, PA 18901
Dear Mr. McClure:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 26, 1988
88 -569
Re: Conflict of Interest, Public Official, Clerk of Courts,
Representation of Clients Against the County
This responds to you letter of April 4, 1988, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the State Ethics Act presents any
restrictions or prohibition upon you as the Clerk of Courts from
representing a client in a personal injury action that has been
instituted against the county.
Facts: You state that you were elected to the position of Clerk
of Courts of Bucks County in the 1987 general election and that
you assumed office the first Monday of January, 1988. You then
advise that for the last four years, you have represented Nelson
Plunto and his wife Francis, as Plaintiffs, in a personal injury
action which arose as a result of injuries allegedly sustained by
Mr.. Plunto, an inmate in the Bucks County Prison while working on
a maintenance detail. After stating that the injuries left Mr.
Plunto as a left hemiplegic you indicate that litigation was
instituted which has been pending over the intervening years and
that recently an amended complaint was filed on their behalf
alleging an ongoing course of harassment by the employees of the
Bucks County Department of Corrections which included charges of
continuing harassment of a physical nature in retaliation for the
filing of the litigation in the first instance and legal
harassment in the form of disciplinary action against Mr. Plunto
which resulted in a six month delay in his parole. You state
that Mr. Plunto is currently a parolee under the supervision of
John M. McClure, Esquire
May 26, 1988
Page 2
the State Board of Probation and Parole. After advising that the
defendants in the litigation are inter alia the County of Bucks,
the Prison Board of Bucks County, the individual Commissioners of
Bucks County, and the Warden of Bucks County Prison, you advise
that there was no active litigation in the case until January 1,
1988 at which time Judge John B. Hannum of the U. S. District
Court for the Eastern District called the case for trial. You
state that although there was a request made to the Judge that
additional time was needed to prepare for trail, a conference was
scheduled on March 31, 1988 after which the counsel for the
defendants supplied you with a copy of the letter that was sent
to the county solicitor concerning your possible conflict of
interest in representing these plaintiffs against Bucks County.
You then state that you contacted the Standing Committee on
Ethics of the Pennsylvania Bar Association wherein one Elwood
Malos gave you an initial oral opinion that there would be a
conflict which was followed by a subsequent telephonic
communication where Mr. Malos confirmed his initial opinion on
the matter. You then state that Mr. Malos will issue a written
opinion to that effect. You conclude by requesting advice from
the Ethics Commission as to whether there would be a conflict on
your part under the Ethics Act in light of your position as clerk
of courts and plantiff's counsel in a suit against the County.
Discussion: As the Clerk of Courts for Bucks County, you are a
public official within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Ethics Act and the regulations of the Commission. 65 P.S.
Section 402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. As such, you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. 5403(a).
Section 3(a) basically provides that a public official or
employee may not use his public office or confidential
information to obtain a financial gain other than compensation
as provided for by law for himself or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is associated. Under this
provision, the Ethics Commission has determined that the use of
John M. McClure, Esquire
May 26, 1988
Page 3
office by a public official to obtain a gain or benefit for
himself or a member of his immediate family which is not provided
for in law constitutes a "financial gain other than compensation
provided for by law." These determinations have been appealed to
the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania which has affirmed the
Orders of the Commission. See McCutcheon v. State Ethics
Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. 529 (1983). See also Yocabet v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. , 531 A.2d 536 (1987).
Thus, under this provision, a public official may not use his
public position to secure benefits for himself or a member of his
immediate family which are not provided for by law. Domalakes,
Opinion 85 -010; likewise, the receipt of private financial gain
or benefit through use of office is not permitted under this
section, Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public employee or candidate for public
office would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
§403(b).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act must be referenced in order
to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a public official or
employee must observe, a public official or employee must neither
offer nor accept anything of value on the understanding or with
the intention that his judgment would be influenced thereby. It
is assumed such a situation does not exist here. This Section is
referenced not to indicate that any such activity has been or
will be undertaken but in an effort to provide a complete
response to your inquiry.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(d) Other areas of possible conflict shall be
addressed by the commission pursuant to paragraph (9)
of Section 7. 65 P.S. S403(d).
John M. McClure, Esquire
May 26, 1988
Page 4
Under the above provision of law, the Ethics Commission,
however, is also empowered to address other areas of possible
conflict pursuant to Section 3(d). 65 P.S. S403(d). Fritzinaer,
Opinion 80 -008; DeBenedictis, Opinion 86 -002. The parameters of
the type of activity encompassed by this provision are generally
reviewed in light of the preamble to the Ethics Act which
enunciates the legislative intent of the Act. The intent and
purpose of the Act is to strengthen the faith and confidence of
the people in their government by assuring the public that the
financial interests of the holders of public office present
neither a conflict nor' the appearance or a conflict with the
public trust. A public official or employee, pursuant to this
provision, is to ensure that their personal financial interests
present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with
the public trust. 65 P.S. 5401. Such a conflict may exist
where an individual represents one or more adverse interests.
Alfano, Opinion 80 -007; where an individual serves in positions
that are incompatible or conflicting; Nelson, Opinion 85 -009, or
where such an official or employee accepts compensation to which
he is not entitled. Domalakes, Opinion supra.
In the instant matter, you as the elected Clerk of Courts of
Bucks County are in an elected position wherein you are to act in
furtherance of the public interest of the citizenry of Bucks
County; however, at the same time, you are representing clients
who are in an adverse position to Bucks County. Your situation
of being a public official acting on behalf of the citizens of
Bucks County in your position of clerk of courts representing the
public interest is in conflict with your private interest of
presenting these clients who are suing Bucks County. It should
be also noted that you, as clerk of courts, are in a position
wherein you are privy to various sensitive and confidential
information regarding litigation and other matters. Your
representation of these clients not only creates conflict but
also an appearance of a conflict with the public trust and
therefore under Sections 3(a) and 3(d) of the Ethics Act, you
should withdraw as counsel of record for the plantiffs who are
suing Bucks County.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Clerk of Courts for Bucks County, you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the State Ethics
Act. Under Section 3(a) and 3(d) of the Ethics Act, you should
withdraw as legal counsel to these plantiffs who are suing Bucks
John M. McClure, Esquire
May 26, 1988
Page 5
County in light of your position as Clerk of Courts of Bucks
County. Lastly, the propriety of your conduct has only been
addressed under the State Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a former Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel