HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-565 LeonardMr. Keith W. Leonard
2231 Big Road
Gilbertsville, PA 19525
Dear Mr. Leonard:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 26, 1988
88 - 565
Re: Conflict of Interest, Township Supervisor, Proposed
Landfill, Supervisors' Residence Adjacent to Landfill;
Supervisor /Member of a Citizen's Group Filing a Lawsuit
This responds to your letter of March 8, 1988, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the State Ethics Act presents any
restrictions or prohibition upon a second class township
supervisor voting or participating on a proposed landfill when
the supervisor is a member of the citizens group that filed a
law suit against the operation of the existing incinerator on
the site which is the subject of the proposed landfill and when
the supervisor owns property that is almost adjacent to the
site.
Facts: You state that you are a newly elected supervisor in New
Hanover Township, Montgomery County and that you ran a campaign
which is based in part upon your opposition to the proposed
landfill site. After noting that your residence is almost
adjacent to the proposed landfill, you advise that you and other
members of the community have displayed signs indicating your
displeasure with the proposed landfill and that you joined a
citizen's group opposed to the location of this particular site.
You then state that the citizen's group has filed a law suit
against the operation of the existing incinerator on the site.
After noting that the previous board of supervisors also opposed
the landfill, you state that the legal counsel to the landfill
owner has suggested that you should recuse yourself on such
issues that would come before the present board of supervisors in
light of your involvement with the citizens group and the
Mr. Keith W. Leonard
May 26, 1988
Page 2
incinerator law suit. You indicate your personal belief that you
were elected because you were willing to be aggressive and to let
your opposition be known; lastly, you indicate that your personal
view agrees with the vast majority of voters on this issue.
After expressing your view that you do not have a conflict
because you do not own any other land, because your personal
income would not be affected and because you do not have any
social /political contacts to your knowledge, you conclude by
requesting advice as to whether there would be any restrictions
under the Ethics Act upon your participation as a second, class
township supervisor relative to the proposed landfill.
Discussion: As a supervisor for New Hanover Township you are a
public official within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code .51.1. As such, you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Section 3(a) basically provides that a public official or
employee may not use his public office or confidential
information to obtain a financial gain other than compensation
as provided for by law for himself or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is associated. Under this
provision, the Ethics Commission has determined that the use of
office by a public official to obtain a gain or benefit for
himself or a member of his immediate family which is not provided
for in law constitutes a "financial gain other than compensation
provided for by law." These determinations have been appealed to
the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania which has affirmed the
Orders of the Commission. See McCutcheon v. State Ethics
Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. 529 (1983). See also Yocabet v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. , 531 A.2d 536 (1987).
Thus, under this provision, a public official may not use his
public position to secure benefits for himself or a member of his
Mr. Keith W. Leonard
May 26, 1988
Page 3
immediate family which are not provided for by law. Domalakes,
Opinion 85 -010; likewise, the receipt of private financial gain
or benefit through use of office is not permitted under this
section, Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public employee or candidate for public
office would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S.
403(b).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act must be referenced in order
to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a public official or
employee must observe, a public official or employee must neither
offer nor accept anything of value on the understanding or with
the intention that his judgment would be influenced thereby. It
is assumed such a situation does not exist here. This Section is
referenced not to indicate that any such activity has been or
will be undertaken but in an effort to provide a complete
response to your inquiry.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(d) Other areas of possible conflict shall be
addressed by the commission pursuant to paragraph (9)
of Section 7. 65 P.S. 403(d).
Under the above provision of law, the Ethics Commission,
however, is also empowered to address other areas of possible
conflict pursuant to Section 3(d). 65 P.S. 5403(d). Fritzinger,
Opinion 80 008; DeBenedictis, Opinion 86 - 002. The parameters of
the type of activity encompassed by this provision are generally
reviewed in light of the preamble to the Ethics Act which
enunciates the legislative intent of the Act. The intent and
purpose of the Act is to strengthen the faith and confidence of
the people in their government by assuring the public that the
financial interests of the holders of public office present
Mr. Keith W. Leonard
May 26, 1988
Page 4
neither a conflict nor the appearance or a conflict with the
public trust. A public official or employee, pursuant to this
provision, is to ensure that their personal financial interests
present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with
the public trust. 65 P.S. 5401. Such a conflict may exist
where an individual represents one or more adverse interests.
Alfano, Opinion 80 -007; where an individual serves in positions
that are incompatible or conflicting; Nelson, Opinion 85 -009, or
where such an official or employee accepts compensation to which
he is not entitled. Domalakes, Opinion supra.
Although there is no question that a public official may
take a stand on public issues, problems may arise if the public
official has some personal or private interest in the matter.
The Commission has determined that a public official could not
participate in a matter where his interest could be considered as
indirect in nature. Welz, Opinion 86 -001. Likewise, it has been
determined that a public official could not participate in
matters before his governmental body if financial benefits would
be derived therefrom. King, Opinion 85 -025 and Sowers, Opinion
80 -050.
In the instant matter, it is noted that you joined the
citizen's group that opposes the landfill operator relative to
the proposed landfill site. Since your citizens group
instituted a law suit, you are a part of a group which is in an
adversarial relation as to the possible placement of the proposed
landfill site. A matter of equal concern is the location of
your personal residence vis -a -vis the location of the proposed
landfill site. You have stated that your personal residence is
almost adjacent to the site. If you were to participate in this
matter because of the close proximity of your property, you would
be taking action which would probably impact upon the value of
your own personal residence. The Commission, as noted above, has
determined that a public official should not participate in a
matter where he has a personal financial interest unless his
interest can be considered as remote. Markham, Opinion 85 -013.
Because of your personal involvement in the litigation with the
proposed landfill site and in light of the fact of the close
proximity of your residence to that landfill site, your
participation in matters relating to the landfill would create a
conflict under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. See Jordan,
Opinion 86- 005. Further, your participation would create the
appearance of a conflict under Section 3(d) of the Ethics Act.
Likewise, under Section 3(d) of the Ethics Act you may not
participate in matters concerning the proposed landfill, you must
note your abstention of public record together with the reason
for your public abstention.
Mr. Keith W. Leonard
May 26, 1988
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a supervisor for New Hanover Township, you are a
"public official" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Under Section 3(a) and 3(d) of the Ethics Act, you may not
participate in matters relating to the proposed landfill, you
must note your abstention of public record and the reason for
your abstention. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed'under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a former Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel