HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-548 RallRaymond F. Rall, Jr., CPA
1960 -A Fry Loop Avenue
Carlisle, PA 17013
Dear Rall:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
April 13, 1988
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
88 -548
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Audit Specialist II, Auditor
General's Office
This responds to your letter of February 24, 1988, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Auditor General.
Facts: In your advice request you state that you have terminated your
employment as Regional Manager for the Southeast Region in the Bureau of
State -Aided Institutional Audits, hereinafter Bureau, with the Department of
the Auditor General and have now accepted a position with Zelenkofske, Axelrod
& Company, LTD., a public accounting firm. You further state that the Bureau
performs audits of hospitals and county nursing facilities so as to determine
Medical Assistance Program costs, the audits of which are forwarded to the
Department of Public Welfare for settlement. You then state that in your new
position you expect to be dealing with nursing home providers, both private
non - profit and for profit. In your job description specification which is
incorporated herein by reference, it is noted that your duties and
responsibilities consist of professional auditing work relative to the review,
analysis and development of auditing procedures and and the
performance and supervison of audits. Further, you would be required to
analyze and evaluate auditing procedures and develop new and revised
procedures including the writing of instructions for performance. In
addition, you may exercise supervision over field auditors and audit
specialist l's during the implementation of revised or newly developed audit
programs. You conclude by requesting advice from the Ethics Commission as to
the limitations which would be imposed upon you under the Ethics Act regarding
your dealings with various agencies.
Raymond F . Ral 1 , Jr. CPA
April 13, 1988
Page 2
Discussion: As a Audit Specialist I I for the Department of Auditor General,
you are to be considered a "public employee" within the definition of that
term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission.
65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This conclusion is based upon your job
description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that
you have the power to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial
nature with respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimus on the
interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request it is necessary to identify the
"governmental body" with which you were associated while working with the
Department of Auditor General. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated
with the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed . In this
context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled that the "governmental
body" with which an individual may be deemed to have been associated during
his tenure of public office or employment extends to those entities where he
had influence,,.responsibility, supervision, or control. See Ewing, Opinion
79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics
Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been the Bureau. Thus, the
"governmental body" with which you have been "associated" upon the termination
of your employment would be the Bureau. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave the Department of Auditor General, Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or new
employers vis-a-vis the Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Bureau. Likewise, there is no general
limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage, following your
departure from the Department of Auditor General. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts
Raymond F. Rall, Jr., CPA
April 13, 1988
Page 3
and violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector, that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014; Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Bureau), including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the Bureau;
2. Attempts to influence the Bureau;
3. Partic ;.pating in any matters before the Bureau over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by the
Department of Auditor General;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Bureau in relation to legislation, regulations, etc. See
Russell, Opinion, 80 -048 and Seltzer, Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Bureau, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental body.
See Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
leave the Department of Auditor General, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated that the
inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal,"
even if submitted to or reviewed by the Bureau, is not prohibited as
"representation." See Kotalik, Opinion 84 -007.
Raymond F. Ral l , Jr., CPA
April 13, 1988
Page 4
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Bureau so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the Bureau. Once
again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to the
Bureau. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the Bureau to
secure information which is available to the general public. See Cutt,
Opinion 79 -023. This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the Bureau your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
The Commission has concluded that if you are administering an existing
contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, Opinion
80 -056 and Beaser, Advice 81 -538.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance,
regulation or other code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been
considered in that they do not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Finally, it is noted that Section 403(b) of the State Ethics Act would
prohibit any public employee or public official from accepting a position of
employment if said position has been offered based upon the understanding that
the official conduct of the employee or official, while working for his former
governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See 65 P.S. §403(b).
Conclusion: As a Audit Specialist II, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your service with
the Department -of Auditor General, you would become a "former public employee"
subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As
such, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as
outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the one year
representation restriction is the Bureau. Lastly, the propriety of your
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should you termi nate your employment or service, as outlined
above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial Interests for the year following your termination of
service.
Raymond F. Ral l , Jr. CPA
April 13, 1988
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defe
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the
disclosed truthfully al 1 the material facts and committed the act
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review t
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advi
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
cerely,
incent . Dopko
General Counsel
nse in any
of good faith
requestor has
s complained
such.
reason to
his Advice.
a formal
be made, in
ce pursuant