HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-508 GrahamMr. George R. Graham, Jr.
West Bradford Township
1535 Poorhouse Road
Downingtown, PA 19335
Dear Mr. Graham:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
February 8, 1988
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
88 -508
Re: Conflict of Interest, Township Supervisor, Voting on Ordinance Affecting
his Property
This responds to your letter of January 5, 1988, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the State Ethics Act imposes any prohibition or restriction
upon a township supervisor in voting upon an ordinance which would vacate a
portion of a road which borders on property that is jointly owned by the
supervisor and his wife.
Facts: You state that you are a supervisor for West Bradford Township and
that you jointly own a parcel of land with your wife which is used as your
principle residence and which will be affected by a pending ordinance that
would vacate a portion of the public road on which your property borders. You
state that as a result of the vacation of the road your property will have
less frontage and that you will not seek any type of remuneration or gain for
the loss in property value associated with the loss of frontage. You further
state that the road in question was a PennDot road until May 8, 1984 at which
time it was inspected and found to contribute to fatalities, injuries and
property damage at a given intersection in the township. You state that at
that time, the road was turned back to the township with funding for the
purpose of improving an adjacent road to alleviate the dangerous intersection.
You note that after the improvements to the adjacent road were completed, a
proposed ordinance was offered for the purpose of vacationing the portion of
the old road. You note that the residents bordering on the portion of the
vacated road have an alternate access. You also note that at a October 1987
meeting of the supervisors, when the vacation ordinance was discussed in the
context of whether a public hearing should be held, one supervisor voted in
favor, one voted against and one abstained. You state that in the November
meeting, the public hearing was again proposed and the motion passed by a 2 to
1 vote. You also state that you do not intend to vote on the vacation
ordinance unless there is a deadlock in which case you would intend to break
the deadlock keeping in mind the health, safety and welfare of the township
residents. You conclude by asking advice as to whether you could participate
in this matter under this Ethics Act.
Mr. George R. Graham, Jr.
February 8, 1988
Page 2
Discussion: As a township supervisor for West Bradford Township, you are a
"public official" as that term is defined under the Ethics Act. 65 P.S. §402;
Volpe Order, No. 579 -R. As such, you are subject to the provisions of the
rthics l-ct and the restrictions therein are applicable to you.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Section 3(a) basically provides that a public official may not use his
public office or confidential information to obtain a financial gain other
than compensation as provided for by law for himself or a member of his
immediate family. Under this provision, the Ethics Commission has determined
that the use of office by a public official to obtain a gain or benefit for
himself or a member of his immediate family which is not provided for in law
constitutes a "financial gain other than compensation provided for by law."
These determinations have been appealed to the Commonwealth Court of
Pennsylvania which has affirmed the Orders of the Commission. See McCutcheon
v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. 529 (1983). See also Yocabet v.
State Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. , 531 A.2d 536 (1987). Of course,
under this provision, a public official may not use his public position to
secure any financial gain for himself or his immediate family unless it is
provided for by law. Domalakes Opinion, 85 -010. Therefore, under Section
3(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official may not use his public office
through participation or voting as to an ordinance when he has a pecuniary
interest therein. Black Advice, 87 -573. See Borough of Youngsville v.
Zoning Hearing Board, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 450 A.2d 1086 (1982), wherein
Commonwealth Court held that a municipal officer must disqualify himself from
any proceeding in which he had a personal or pecuniary interest. See also
Commonwealth v. Raudenbush, 249 Pa. 86, 99 A 555 (1915); Reckner v.
German Township, 341 Pa. 375, 19 A.2d 402, (1941). In the instant situation,
since it appears that the ordinance will directly affect the value of your
property, regardless of whether it enhances or diminishes the value of the
property, you would have a pecuniary interest in the matter. Therefore, under
section 3(a) of the Ethics Act, you may not use your public office through
participation or voting as to the vacation ordinance. Paranthetically,
although it is noted that you have not specified as to how you voted in the
November meeting, the propriety of that action cannot be considered in any
event because it is _ast action; an advice can only be issued to public
officials /employees as to their Prospective conduct.
Mr. George R. Graham, Jr.
February 8, 1988
Page 3
In addition to the foregoing provision of law, the State Ethics
Commission may address other areas of possible conflicts of interest. 65 P.S.
§403(d). The parameters of the types of activities encompassed by this
provision of law may generally be determi ned by reviewing the purpose and
intent of the Ethics Act. Generally, the State Ethics Act was promulgated in
order to insure the public trust that the interests of their employees do not
conflict with the public trust. Therefore, under Section 3(d) of the Ethics
Act, you should not participate or vote relative to the vacation ordinance
regarding the road which borders on your property in light of your pecuniary
interest in the matter. In this regard, you should note your abstention of
public record together with the reasons for your abstention.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance,
regulation or other code of conduct has not been considered.
Conclusion: As a supervisor for West Bradford Township, you are a "public
official" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Under Sections 3(a)
and 3(d) of the Ethics Act you may not participate or vote regarding the
vacation ordinance which relates to the road that borders on your property in
light of your pecuniary interest and you should note your abstention of public
record together with the reasons for your abstention. Lastly the propriety of
your proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and comnritted the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent Dopko
General Counsel