HomeMy WebLinkAbout87-626 HazzardKelly B. Hazzard, Chief
D. E. R.
Fulton Building
P.O. Box 2063
Harrisburg, PA 17120
Dear Mr. Hazzard:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
October 26, 1987
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
87 -626
Re: Conflict of Interest, DER Division Chief, Former Public Employee
Restrictions
This responds to your letter of October 20, 1987, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You have requested advice regarding whether the State Ethics Act
imposes any prohibitions upon you as a Division Chief in the Automated
Technology Bureau of the Department of Environmental Resources (DER)
concerning both the obtaining of private employment with a computer firm that
has done business with DER and also regarding the restrictions that would be
imposed upon you following your termination of state service.
Facts: You state that you have been employed by DER for eight years and that
your current classification is a Computer Systems Analyst V. You state that
you direct the activities of a staff which develops computer systems and that
you are involved in all aspects of dealing with outside vendors from
evaluating proposals up to and through the final invoicing. You further state
that you have dealt with the firm of McDonnell Douglas Corporation which is
currently involved in a contract with DER; furthermore, DER is in the process
of issuing another request for a proposal on which McDonnell Douglas will in
all likelihood bid. It is also stated by you that you have received national
exposure through your experience in DER relative to environmental systems and
that your career plans are to use your experience so as to obtain a position
Kelly B. Hazzard, Chief
October 26, 1987
Page 2
that would afford you the opportunity to market environmental systems
nationally. You also state that McDonnell Douglas is one of the few companies
that has the capacity and corporate approach which p arallels your future
career plans. You state that you are finalizing anagreementwithMcDonnell
Douglas and ask whether you have conducted your affairs properly and secondly,
what restrictions would be imposed upon you relative to future business
dealings with the DER as well as with other Commonwealth agencies.
Your most recent job description /specification which is incorporated
herein by reference, provides that you as a Computer Systems Analyst V in the
Systems Development Division of the Automated Technology Bureau are
responsible for information systems designs, development and implementation.
Further, your position which is both technical and administrative in nature,
requires that you direct the functions of the Systems Development Division to
develop systems utilizing main frame computers and a complex communication
network. You also represent DER on the Commonwealth EDP Steering Committee in
the absence of the bureau director and serve on other committees as requested
by said director. Furthermore, you direct the preparation and submission of
program revision requests as well as the development of short and long range
information systems development plans for DER.
Further, it is your responsibility to coordinate DER information systems
requirements with program heads; staff, direct, supervise and evaluate the
performance of personnel; direct managerial and technical training for
department personnel; direct the establishment of departmental standards and
procedures for analysis, design, programming and documentation for
informations systems; direct system studies to develop cost
effective /efficient information systems and direct management and monitoring
of contracts for systems specifications, design and development with DER.
Lastly, you would be required to perform such other duties as are necessary
for the position which you hold. Prior to your current positon, you served in
the Planning and Analysis Division of the Automated Technology Bureau of DER.
Discussion: As a Computer Systems Analyst V for DER
a "public employee" within the definition of that term y as set forth in
Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code
§1.1. This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when reviewed
on an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another person.
See Glenn, 87 -520.
As a public employee you are subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act
and the .restrictions therein are applicable to you.
Kelly B. Hazzard, Chief
October 26, 1987
Page 3
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Section 3(a) basically provides that a public employee may not use his
public office or confidential information to obtain a gain for himself or a
member of his immediate family other than compensation as provided for by
law.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act further provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Section 3(b) basically provides that a public employee may not accept
anything of value based upon the understanding that his official action would
be influenced thereby.
Specifically, the Ethics Act provides that no public official.may use his
public office or confidential information received through his holding public
office to obtain financial gain for himself or a business with which he is
associated and no public official may receive anything of value, including the
promise of future employment, on the understanding that his official conduct
will be influenced thereby. See Section 3(a) and (b) of the Ethics Act, 65
P.S. 403(a) and (b). Thus, Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit
you from accepting a position with McDonnell Douglas unless the position was
offered .based upon the understanding that your official conduct, while working
for DER, was influenced by such offer. It is assumed that such a situation
does not exist herein.
Kelly B. Hazzard, Chief
October 26, 1987
Page 4
Upon termination of your employment with DER, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
Initially, to answer your request we must identify the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working with DER. Then, we must
review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and term of
"representation ". In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled
that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to have
been associated during his tenure of public office or employment extends to
those entities where he had influence, responsibility, supervision, or
control. See Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been the Automated Technology Bureau.
Thus, the "governmental body" with which you have been "associated" upon the
termination of your employment would be the Automated Technology Bureau.
Therefore, within the first year after you would leave DER, Section 3(e) of
the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or
new employers vis -a -vis the Automated Technology Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Automated Technology Bureau.
Likewise, there is no general limitation on the type of employment in which
you may engage, following your departure from DER. We do note, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts
and violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector, that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public employer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwikl, 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Kelly B. Hazzard, Chief
October 26, 1987
Page 5
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Automated Technology Bureau),
including, but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts
with the Automated Technology Bureau;
2. Attempts to influence Automated Technology Bureau;
3. Participating in any matters before the Automated Technology Bureau
over which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while
employed by DER;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Automated Technology Bureau in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Automated Technology Bureau, constitutes an attempt to influence your
former governmental body. See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first
year after you leave DER, you should not engage in the type of activity
outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of
your name as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if
submitted to or reviewed by the Automated Technology Bureau, is not prohibited
as "representation." See Kotalik, 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Automated Technology Bureau so long as you are not identified as the preparer.
You may also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the
Automated Technology Bureau. Once again, however, your activity in this
respect should not be revealed to the Automated Technology Bureau. Of course,
any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude you from making
general ;informational inquiries of the Automated Technology Bureau to secure
Kelly B. Hazzard, Chief
October 26, 1987
Page 6
information which is available to the general public. See Cutt, 79 -023.
This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence these
entities or to otherwise make known to the Automated Technology Bureau your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract
your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, 80-056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
It should also be noted that the Ethics Commission has only addressed
your request under the Ethics Act; it has not considered the applicability of
any other statute, code, regulation, or ordinance or other codes of conduct
such as the Governor's Code of Conduct or State Adverse Interest Act.
Conclusion: As a Computer Systems Analyst V, you are to be considered a
"public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your
service with DER, you would become a "former public employee" subject to the
restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct
should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above. Your
governmental body for the purpose of the one year representation restriction
is the Automated Technology Bureau.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as outlined
above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial Interests for the year following your termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent Y. Dopko
General Counsel