HomeMy WebLinkAbout87-599 AlbrightMs. Jeanne Albright
c/o Lee. H. Van Valkenburgh
Senator Director of Public Affairs
Capital Blue Cross
100 Pine Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Dear Mr. Van Valkenburgh:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
August 6, 1987
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
87 - 599
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Legislative Assistant Pennsylvania
Senate
This responds to your letter of June 15, 1987, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
employment following your termination of service with the Senate.
Facts: From 1983 to 1987, you served in the capacity as a Legislative
Assistant to Senator F. Joseph Loeper. In your former position, your duties
and responsibilities consisted of handling all facets of correspondence with
constituents, press releases, updates of legislative matters, organization and
distribution of the district newsletter, the attendance of meetings and
general legislative research. Specifically, you produced and coordinated the
"Senator Joe Loeper Reports" series. Part of your duties entailed working
with state agencies and departments, other senatorial offices, the Governor's
Office and lobbyists. You also processed motor vehicle work for
constituents.
You note that you were not involved with any committee work other than
agenda typing. You conclude by stating that your duties wre limited to those
matters commonly associated with the term "legislative assistant."
Senator Lee. H. Van Valkenburgh
August 6, 1987
Page 2
Following the termination of your service with the office of Senator
Loeper, you accepted the position of Legislative Assistant with Capital Blue
Cross on April 6, 1987, and are in the process of registering as a lobbyist
for Capital Blue Cross.
Discussion: At the outset, it must be noted that the Ethics Commission may
only address your question within the purview of the Ethics Act. The
Commission may not and will not offer advice with respect to any duties or
obligations that may be imposed by other provisions of law such as the State
Averse Interest Act or the Governor's Code of Conduct.
As a Legislative Assistant for the Pennsylvania Senate, hereinafter the
Senate, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the definition of
that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This conclusion is based upon
your job description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates
clearly that you have the power to take or recommend official action of a
non - ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement, planning,
inspecting or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimus on the interests of another person. See Steck, 86 -629; Buffington,
86 -003
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
Initially, to answer your request, the "governmental body" with which you
were associated while working with the Senate, must be identified. Then, the
scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and term of
"representation," must be reviewed. In this context, the Ethics Commission
has previously ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may
be deemed to have been associated during his tenure of public office or
employment extends to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. See Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kur vs. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 1981 .
Senator Lee. H. Van Valkenburgh
August 6, 1987
Page 3
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been exercised in relation to the office
of Senator Loeper, hereinafter the Office. Thus, the "governmental body" with
which you have been "associated" upon the termination of your employment would
be the Office. Therefore, within the first year after you would leave the
Senate, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your
"representation" of persons or new employers vis -a -vis the Office.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Office. Likewise, there is no general
limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage, following your
departure from the Senate. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of
interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and violations of
the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that during the term of
a person's public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or benefits that
may be obtainable only because of his association with his former public
employer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwikl, 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "represenation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Office), including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the Office;
2. Attempts to influence the Office;
3. Participating in any matters before the Office over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by the
Senate;
Senator Lee. H. Van Valkenburgh
August 6, 1987
Page 4
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Office in relation to legislation, regulations, etc. See
Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Office, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental body.
See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you leave the
Senate, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined above.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Office so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the Office. Once
again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to the
Office. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the Office to
secure information which is available to the general public. See Cutt,
79 -023. This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the Office your
respresentation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed t� negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, 80 -056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
Additionally, it is noted that Section 403(b) of the State Ethics Act
would prohibit any public employee or public official from accepting a
position of employment if said position has been offered based upon the
understanding that the official conduct of the employee or official, while
working for his former governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See
65 P.S. §403(b).
Conclusion: As a Legislative Assistant you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your service with
the Pennsylvania Senate you would become a "former public employee" subject to
the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such, your
conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined
above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the one year represenation
restriction is the Office of Senator Loeper.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
Senator Lee. H. Van Valkenburgh
August 6, 1987
Page 5
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
General Counsel