HomeMy WebLinkAbout87-593 CapellaSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
July 2, 1987
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Mr. Dennis Capella 87 -593
109 Hilltop Drive
Downingtown, PA 19335
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Bureau Director of Water Quality
Management 4
Dear Mr. Capella:
This responds to your letter of June.11, 1987, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the Department
of Environmental Resources.
Facts: On June 12, 1987 you terminated your employment with the Pennsylvania
Deparment of Environmental Resources, hereinafter DER, where you served as the
Director of the Bureau of Water Quality Management, hereinafter the Bureau,
which position you held from May 1986 until termination. From December 1983
to May 1986 you served as the Executive Director of the Water Facilities Loan
Board, hereinafter the Board. During your tenure with the Bureau, you also
served during December of 1986 as a review panel member for
request- for - proposals with the Board.
You advise that you are currently employed by BCM Eastern, Inc. which
submitted a proposal to the Board. BCM Eastern, Inc. is one of four companies
with whom contracts are now being prepared with the Board. You request an
opinion as to what restrictions may be imposed upon you within the first year
after you leave employment with the DER.
The job descriptions for both your positions as executive director of the
Board and director of the Bureau are incorporated herein by reference. As
executive director of the Board, you were responsible for directing the
implementation and administration of the water facilities loan program. As
part of your duties you were responsible for developing and recommending
rules, regulations, policies and procedures to the board and implementing and
interpreting those which were approved by the board. Further, you directed
and coordinated the review of all loan applications from a technical, legal
and financial viewpoint. The review, evaluation and synthesization of all
Mr. Dennis Capella
July 2, 1987
Page 2
technical, legal and financial recommendations were done by you so that
recommendations could be developed to the board relative to the assignment of
loan priority applications, loan approval or disapproval, and the
recommendation of funding levels relative to each loan category. As part of
your duties you had to establish and maintain contact with federal, state and
local agencies and the interstate river basin commissions to ensure that the
water facilities loans, that were approved by the boards, would be
implemented. It was your responsibility to direct, coordinate and evaluate
inspections conducted during and after construction of water facilities
projects and also to review audit reports outlining the financial condition of
various water facilities projects which were funded. You also had to monitor
loans, payments, repayments and interests and. make reports outlining loan
approvals, repayments and interest earned. It was also your responsibility to
make recommendations to the board regarding loan defaulters or possible
defaulters. You also acted as a liason to the DER staff and to the water
facilities advisory committee by meeting with legislators, municipal
officials, port authority personnel and the public. As part of your duties
you were also a supervisor over an administrative and clerical staff. Your
supervisory work entailed planning and organizing work, assigning work,
determining work priorities followed by the assignment to the employees who
would plan, schedule, prioritize and complete the assignment subject to review
by you as to its completion and overall quality.
As director of the Bureau, you were responsible for the planning,
development, implementation, coordination, and evaluation of programs designed
to abate and prevent pollution of surface waters together with ensuring that
there would be adequate sewage facilities available in the Commonwealth. As
part of your duties you would develop a statewide water quality management
program to abate and prevent pollution of surface and ground waters and to
ensure the availability of adequate sewage facilities. Specifically, your
work requires the administration of a large public works grant program to
assist in the financing, construction and operation of sewage treatment plants
and the coordination of water quality management programs which have been
delegated to the Commonwealth by the federal goverment. As part of your
duties you also meet with federal, state, and local officials, company
representatives, special interest- groups and the public to resolve
controversial water quality management issues. You also testify during
congressional and legislative hearings and represent the Bureau in dealings
with the federal, state, interstate and international organizations and
advisory committees. Work is assigned by you to staff in a format which
outlines the broad program goals and objectives. The completed work is
reviewed by the di rector of the office of Envi rormental Management. While
serving as the director of the Bureau, you also simultaneously served in
December 1986 as a review panel member for request- for - proposals with the
Board, the function of which was to analyze the problems facing prospective
small water systems applicants. As a review panel member, you and five (5)
other members reviewed 45 applicantions for the consultation contracts to
assist small water system applicants. A screening system was implemented
wherein six (6) members would individually rate all of the 45 applicants.
Mr. Dennis Capella
July 2, 1987
Page 3
Subsequently, a joint meeting was held and a consensus rating was completed
for each applicant on a high, medium or low basis. At that point in time, you
completed your service as a review panel member and the remaining panel
members who were also staff submitted the high level candidates to the
secretary of DER for consideration. At that time, you stated that you had no
discussions or contacts with BCM Eastern, Inc. relative to the possibility of
employment with then. You further stated that you did not apply for
employment with BCM Eastern, Inc. until April 1987 which was followed by their
offer of employment to you on April 30, 1987.
Discussion: - At the outset, it must be noted that the Ethics Commission may
only address your question within the purview of the Ethics Act. The
Commission may not and will not offer advice with respect to any duties or
obligations that may be imposed by other provisions of law such as the State
Adverse Interest Act orethe Governor's Code of Conduct.
As a Bureau Director for DER, you are to be considered a "public
employee" within the definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act
and the regulations of this Commission. .65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This
conclusion is based upon your job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to take or
recannend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de mi nimus on the interests of another person.
See Egan, 87 -550.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request the "governmental body" with which you
were associated while working with DER must be identified. Then, the scope of
the prohibitions associated with the concept and term of "representation" must
be reviewed. In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled that
the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to have been
associated during his tenure of public office or employment extends to those
entities where he had influence, responsibility, supervision, or control. See
Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics
Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
Mr. Dennis Capella
July 2, 1987
Page 4
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been both the Bureau and the Board in
light of your membership on the review panel. Thus, the "governmental body"
with which you have been "associated" upon the termination of your employment
would be both the Board and the Bureau. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave DER, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and
restrict your "representation" of persons or new employers vis-a-vis both the
Board and the Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Bureau and the Board. Likewise, there
is no general limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage,
following your departure from DER. It is noted, however, that the conflicts
of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and violations
of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that during the term
of a person's public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or benefits that
may be obtainable only because of his association with his former public
empl oye r. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwi kl , 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the fol1owi ng activi ties:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is both the Bureau and the Board),
including, but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts
with the both the Bureau and the Board;
2. Attempts to influence both the Bureau and the Board;
3. Participating in any matters before both the Bureau and the Board
over which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while
employed by DER;
Mr. Dennis Capella
July 2, 1987
Page 5
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before both the Bureau and the Board in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
both the Bureau and the Board, constitutes an attempt to influence your former
governmental body. See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave DER, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined
above. (The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name
as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or
reviewed by both the Bureau and the Board, is not prohibited as
"representation." See Kotalik, 84 -007).
You may, assist in preparation of any documents presented to both the
Bureau and the Board so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You
may also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before both the
Bureau and the Board. Once again, however, your activity in this respect
should not be revealed to the both the Bureau and the Board. Of course, ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude you from making any
general informational inquiries of both the Bureau and the Board to secure
information which is available to the general public. See Cutt, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence these . This,
entities or to otherwise make known to both the Bureau and the Board your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, 80 -056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
Additionally, it is noted that Section 403(b) of the State Ethics Act
would prohibit any public employee or public official from accepting a
position of employment if said position has been offered based upon the
understanding that the official conduct of the employee or official, while
working for his former governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See
65 P.S. §403(b).
Conclusion: As a Bureau Director, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your service with
DER, you would became a "former public employee" subject to the restrictions
imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should
conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above. Your
governmental body for the purpose of the one year representation restriction
is both the Bureau and the Board.
Mr. Dennis Capella
July 2, 1987
Page 6
Further, shoul d you termi nate your empl oyment or servi ce, as outl i ned
above, you are rani nded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial Interests for the year followi ng your termi nation of
servi ce.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advi
challenge same, you may request that the ful
personal appearance before the Commi ssion wi
Opinion from the Commission will be issued.
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
ce or if you have any reason to
1 Commi ssion review this Advi ce. A
11 be scheduled and a formal
Any such appeal must be made, in
service of this Advice pursuant
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
General Counsel