HomeMy WebLinkAbout87-541 ZitoSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (7174783.1610
April 7 1987
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Augustus A. Zito 87 -541
510 East Second Street
Emporium, PA 15834
Re: Simultaneous Service Borough Manager, Member Municipal Authority, General
Manager Municipal Authority
Dear Mr. Zito:
This responds to your letter of February 20, 1987, wherein you requested
the advice of the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the State Ethics Act presents any prohibitions upon your
simultaneous service as a borough manager, a member of a municipal authority
created by the borough, and general manager to the municipal authority.
Facts: You advise that you have served as the borough manager for Emporium
Borough since July 15, 1975. The position of borough manager was created by
Ordinance 240 on June 1, 1958. Generally, the borough manager is the chief
administrative officer of the borough, and he is responsible to borough
council for the proper and efficient administration of the affairs of the
borough. The borough manager generally supervises the activities of all
municipal departments, with certain exceptions, and is responsible for the
staffing of said departments within his supervision. The borough manager is
also responsible for administration of the budget, borough finances, borough
requisitions and purchases, as well as a number of other areas of
responsibility involving the administration of the borough's activities. The
ordinance further provides as follows:
Except for the offices of borough secretary, receiver of
wage taxes for Emprorium Borough and borough street
commissioner and except as approved from time to time by a
majority of all members of council, the manager shall hold
no elected or appointed office under any law of the United
States or Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
In addition to the foregoing, you were appointed by borough council as a
member of the Emporium Borough Municipal Authority, an authority created
pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipal Authorities Act of 1945. 53 P.S. §301
et. seq. The municipal authority was originally created in order to operate
Augustus A. Zito
April 7, 1987
Page 2
and maintain the borough sewage system. Subsequent to its creation, the
Emporium municipal authority was reorganized and became the Mid - Cameron
Authority. The Authority, subsequent to this change, became involved with the
operation and management of a multi- tenant /incubator complex known as the
Emporium Trade Center. You were, once again, at that time appointed as a
member of the authority and were also elected as the authority's
secretary /treasurer.
On July 20, 1986, the Mid - Cameron Authority created the position of
general manager. The general manager, generally, is the chief administrative
officer of the authority. He is responsible to the authority for the proper
and efficient administration of the authority. He is responsible for
supervising personnel, hiring, administration of the budget, financial status
of the authority, and compliance with authority leases, permits and
privileges. Additionally, the general manager is responsible for the letting
of contracts and for insuring that all monies due the authority are paid. He
is also the chief purchasing officer for the authority.
You advise that you abstained from voting on the election of a person to
fill the newly created position of authority general manager. You advise that
the authority has offered you the opportunity to become the general manager.
You have requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission regarding whether
such simultaneous service in the positions outlined above is appropriate under
the provisions of the State Ethics Act.
Discussion: As a borough manager, you are clearly a public employee as that
term is defined in the State Ethics Act and the regulations of the State
Ethics Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. Additionally, as a member
of a municipal authority, and as general manager to said authority, you also
must be considered a public official /emplopyee within the purview of the State
Ethics Act. See Dice, 85 -021. As such, your conduct must conform to the
requirements of tFe State Ethics Act.
Generally, the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is• associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Augustus A. Zito
April 7, 1987
Page 3
Within the above provision of law, no official may use his public
position in order to obtain a financial gain for himself and no public
official or employee may use confidential information for similar purposes.
Within the above provision of law, this Commission on a number of occasions
has determined that no public official may participate in any matter wherein
they have a personal, financial interest. In this respect, the Commission has
determined that a public official may not participate in their own appointment
to a position of employment within their own governmental body. See Koslow.
Thus, while this Commission has on a number of previous occassions indicated
that, there would be no absolute prohibition upon simultaneous service by a
member of a municipal authority as an employee of that authority, the
Commission has set forth certain restrictions and guidelines that would be
applicable thereto.
Initially it should be noted, that the Municipal Authorities Act of 1945,
appears to contemplate the possibility of a member of the authority serving in
a position of employment with that governmental body. In this respect, the
law prT!ides as follows:
The board shall fix and determine the number of officers,
agents and employes of the Authority and their respective
powers,. duties and compensation and may appoint to such
office or offices any member of the board with such
powers, duties and compensation as the board may deem_
proper.
Within the provisions of the Ethics Act, however, as a member of the
: aunicipal Authority, you may not participate or vote in that governmental
body's decision to enter into a contract with you for the position of genec%1
manager of the Authority. See King, 85 -025. Additionally, not only must you
refrain from participating in the decision to enter into a contract as the
genera.' manager, you also must refrain from participating in the fixThg o`
compensation, the terms and conditions of employment, or any other benefit
attendant to the position of general manager. Your abstention in suc>>
matters, as a member of the Authority, must be publicly noted and recorded in
the Authority minutes.
We note, that as borough manager, you would not be in a position to make
any appointments of yourself in relation to the municipal authority or the
position of general manager to that authority, and thus, it does not appear as
though the ab we concerns would be applicable in relation to your position
with the borough.
In addition to the foregoing, however, the Ethics Commission is also
authorized to address other areas of possible conflicts of interest. 65 P.S.
§403(d). The type of activities that are subject to review by the Commission,
within this provision of law, are determined through a .'avlew of the intent
and purpose of the Ethics Act as set forte in §401 tt,ereaf. That section
Augustus A. Zito
April 7, 1987
Page 4
provides that the conduct and activities of public officials may not conflict
with the public trust. The Commission has thus previously determined, that a
conflict of interest would arise in any situation where the public official
serves one or more interests that are adverse. See Alfano, 80 -007; Allen,
79 -024. It is clear, that municipal authorities are not creatures, agents or
representatives of the municpalities which organize them, but are rather
independent agencies of the commonwealth and part of its sovereignty.
Commonwealth v. Erie Metropolitan Transit Authority, 444 Pa. 345, 281 A.2d
888, (1971). It is clear, therefore, that there may be occasions where the
interests of the independent municipal authority are adverse to the interest
of the municpality that created that authority. The converse of this may also
be true. For example, as an employee of the borough, specifically. borough
manager, you are responsible for the effective and efficient administration of
that municipality. You may, at sometime, he called upon in that posijon to
take action, at the direction of borough council, regarding matters that are
submitted to the borough by the authority or that relate to the authority
generally. Becuase of these varying possibilities, there is no doubt that
your position, as borough manager, could be in conflict with your positions on
the municipal authority. As a borough manager, you are obligated to serve the
best interest of the borough. However, as a member of the municipal authority
and as the authority's general manager, your duties lie with that governmental
body. There is no doubt that there are occassions when these interests could
be adverse. As such, as an employee of the borough, you must refrain from
participating in any matter that relates to the municipal authority.
Additionally, as a member of the authority and as a general of thl
authority, you must similarly refrain from participating in any matter that
relates to the borough. See Cole, 86 -503. Your abstentions in all such
matters should be publicly noted and appropriately recorded.
Finally, it is also advised that as a member of the authority, you not
participate in any matter or review of any items that are recommended or
submitted by yourself as general manager. In this respect, you would not be
put in the position of having to reviewing or approve your own work as general
manager. Situations could arise where the interests of the authority are
adverse to the interest of the general manager. For example, the authority
could wish to investigate the activities or affairs of the general manager and
his operational functions as general manager. Of course, you as a member of
the authority would be placed in an adverse situation should you have to be
considering, reviewing situations involving questions of your own work. As
such, you as a member of the municipal authority, must not participate in any
matter that relates to your position as general manager.
Conclusion: While the Ethics Act presents no per se prohibition upon your
simultaneous service as borough manager, member of a municipal authority
created by the borough and general manager for the borough, as a public
official /employee your conduct must conform to the requirements of the State
Ethics Act as outlined above. Appropriate abstentions as noted in the
foregoing advice must be publicly noted and recorded.
Augustus A. Zito
April 7, 1987
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 clays of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sin
on no
Acti g General Counsa1