HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-609 RocuskieBenjamin D. Rocuskie, P.E.
805 North Fairville Avenue
Harrisburg, PA 17112
Dear Mr. Rocuskie:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
October 1, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
86 - 609
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Bureau Director, Department of
Transportation
This responds to your letter of September 3, 1986, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
Facts: You have requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission regarding
the potential restrictions that may he placed upon you after your termination
of employment with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. You advise that on June
25, 1986, you retired from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation after
30 years of service. At the time of your retirement, you were the Director of
the Bureau of Construction and Materials. Your classification, in this
respect, was Highway Engineer Manager. The position in which you served was
considered a Senior Executive Manager position.
You were responsible for planning, organizing and directing high impact
and complex highway engineering program divisions. You were involved in
directing a significant portion of the central office highway engineering
activities for the Department of Transportation. Your duties, in this
respect, included the administration of the contract quality control program
for construction. Work in this position included the planning, development
and control review of assigned program activities and the coordination and
integration of this work at the central office and district level. You are
responsible directly to the deputy secretary for highway administration. You
also participated in the formulation of departmental objectives, policies,
programs and standards. You provided direction and guidance to division
supervisors and district engineers. You were also responsible for all
budgeting, programming, personnel assignments and reporting relationships in
the Bureau.
Benjamin D. Rocuskie, P.E.
October 1, 1986
Page 2
Discussion: At the outset, it must be noted that the Ethics Commission may
only address your question within the purview of the Ethics Act. The
Commission may not and will not offer advice with respect to any duties or
obligations that may be imposed by other provisions of law such as the State
Adverse Interest Act or the Governor's Code of Conduct.
As a Bureau Director for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation,
hereinafter the Department, you are to be considered a "public employee"
within the definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This
conclusion is based upon your job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another person.
See, Myers, 86 -505.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request we must identify the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working with the Department.
Then, we must review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept
and term of "representation ". In this context, the Ethics Commission has
previously ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be
deemed to have been associated during his tenure of public office or
employment extends to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. See, Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been exercised within the Department
generally. Thus, the "governmental body" with which you have been
"associated" upon the termination of your employment would be the Department,
(See, Myers, 86 -505). Therefore, within the first year after you would leave
the Department, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your
"representation" of persons or new employers vis -a -vis the Department.
Benjamin D. Rocuskie, P.E.
October 1, 1986
Page 3
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Department. Likewise, there is no
general limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage,
following your departure from the Department. We do note, however, that the
conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector, that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public employer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwikl, 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, 1 obbyi ng , and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Department), including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the Department;
2. Attempts to influence the Department;
3. Participating in any matters before the Department over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by, the
Department;
. 4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Department in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See, Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Department, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental
body. See, Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
leave the Department, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined
Benjamin D. Rocuskie, P.E.
October 1, 1986
Page 4
above. The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name as
an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or
reviewed by the Department, is not prohibited as "representation." See,
Kotalik, 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Department so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the Department.
Once again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to
the Department. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the Department to
secure information which is available to the general public. See, Cutt,
79 -023. This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the Department your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See, Dalton, 80 -056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
Additionally, we note that Section 403(b) of the State Ethics Act would
prohibit any public employee or public official from accepting a position of
employment if said position has been offered based upon the understanding that
the official conduct of the employee or official, while working for his former
governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See, 65 P.S. §403(b).
Conclusion: As a Bureau Director, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your service with
the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the
Ethics Act as outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the
one year representation restriction is the Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as outlined
above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial Interests for the year following your termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Benjamin D. Rocuskie, P.E.
October 1, 1986
Page 5
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Si n y
7 o h n J . • nt i-n6
Gener. Counsel