HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-599 LeymarieEdward Leymarie, Jr., Esquire
Ellwood City Office
120 Fourth Street
Ellwood, PA 16117
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
September 10, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Re: Grant Program, Participation by Public Official /Employee
Dear Mr. Leymarie:
86 -599
This responds to your letter of August 27, 1986, in which you requested
Advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a borough councilperson may participate in a grant
participation program administered by the borough.
Facts: You are the Solicitor for the Borough of Ellwood City and in that
capacity you have requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission on
behalf of Councilperson Mary Fontana. You advise that the borough has
received a small cities program community development block grant. On June
17, 1986, the borough adopted a code of conduct with respect to borough
officials, employees, and agents which would prohibit them from receiving or
participating in the block grant program. You further advise that federal
regulations provide that receipt by a public official of funds from a grant
participation program, which he is authorized to administer, would be a
conflict of interest, but that such federal regulations also provide for a
method of oht'ining permission to receive such funds. You advise that the
borough officials have adopted a resolution requesting a variance from the
Federal- -Code of Conduct and from the Borough Code of Conduct. The purpose of
this resolution was to seek permission to allow Mrs. Fontana to receive funds
from the grant participation program. You have requested the advice from the
State Ethics Commission in relation to this matter.
Edward Leymarie, Jr., Esquire
September 10, 1986
Page 2
Discussion: Initially, we should note that under the Ethics Act our
jurisdiction is limited to rulings under the Ethics Act. Thus, we cannot and
do not, in this Advice, address the propriety of or answer any questions
related to the propriety of your conduct in light of any code, statute
(federal or state), regulations, etc. other than the Ethics Act. However,
under the Ethics Act we may provide a ruling hecause the conduct of a borough
councilperson is subject to the requirements of that Act because said person
is a "public official" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. See 65 P.S.
402.
Under the Ethics Act, we must observe the stated purpose of that Act
which is to strengthen the faith and confidence of people and their government
by assuring the public that the financial interests of the holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict nor the appearance of
a conflict with the public trust. See Section 1 of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S.
401. There are specific provisions of the Ethics Act which must be reviewed
in this situation. Those provisions will be discussed more fully below. The
Sections of the Ethics Act which will be discussed are Sections 3(a), (b) and
(c) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 403(a), (b) and (c), respectively.
We will address the provisions in Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act first.
From the facts outlined above, it is not clear whether there will be any
"contract" between the councilperson as a public official and the borough.
However, if this were to occur, the provisions of Section 3(c) of the Ethics
Act would apply and require that any contract in excess of $500 between a
public employee or official and a governmental'hody must he made only after an
"open and public process." The State Ethics Commission has interpreted this
provision to apply and to require an "open and public process" when the
particular public employee or official seeks to contract with the
"governmental body" with which he is "associated." See Bryan, 80 -014 and
Lynch, 79 -047. The governmental body with which the councilperson is
'associated" is the Rorough.
Thus, assuming for purposes of this advice, that a contract would be made
between the borough and the councilperson pursuant to the provisions of this
program, Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. If Section 3(c)
of the Ethics Act is applicable, it would require the following to be
undertaken if a contract in excess of $500 were to be made between that person
and the governmental body with which she is associated there must he:
1. prior public notice of the contract possibility;
2. public disclosure of applications and contracts considered; and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contracts.
Edward Leymarie, Jr., Esquire
September 10, 1986
Page 3
Assuming that all of the guidelines as to an open and public process
mentioned above have been or will be met, if Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act is
applicable to this situation, we must next consider the other aspects of the
propriety of the proposed conduct under other provisions of the Ethics Act.
In this review, we note that we appreciate and recognize the concern that
arises where a public program, funded with public monies and administered
through a public agency, political subdivision, or governmental body is also
available to public officials and /or employees of that agency or governmental
body. We recognize the public concern and criticism that may arise if a
public official or public employee who serves a governmental body receives
benefits under a program of this nature. Thus, we must review this conduct in
light of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act and Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Likewise, we will undertake review of this question in light of Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act which provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Under these Sections of the Ethics Act and the opinions of the Ethics
Commission, it is clear that the Ethics Act was primarily designed to restrict
the activity of a public employee or official where a conflict of interests
exists and to address situations where the appearance of a conflict with the
public trust may arise. However, the opinions of the Ethics Commission
indicate that the Ethics Act was not designed nor should it be interpreted to
preclude public officials or public employees from participating in programs
Edward Leymarie, Jr., Esquire
September 10, 1986
Page 4
which might otherwise be available to them as citizens. See, Toohey, 83 -003;
Balaban, 83 -004; and Coploff /Hendricks, 83 -005. In these cases the Ethics
Commission indicated that a public official or public employee or a business
with which he is associated could participate in rehabilitation or grant
programs so long as that public official or public employee:
1. played no role in establishing the criteria under which the program
at issue was to operate, particularly with reference to the structure
or administration of the program;
2. played no role in establishing or implementing the criteria by which
selections for program participation are to be or were made;
3. played no role in the process of selecting and reviewing applicants
or in awarding grants or funds;
4. used no confidential information acquired during the holding of
public office or public employment to apply for or to obtain such
funds, grants, etc.
Furthermore, the Commission's opinions indicate that if the body with
which the public employee or official is associated is in any way involved in
the administering of the grant program or selecting who, among the applicants
should receive assistance or funds, the public employee or official within the
governmental body who is making an application to participate in such a
program or to obtain such funds, must abstain from all discussions, votes or
recommendations on the applications or programs in which he or she is
interested. Additionally, such a public official or public employee should
also abstain from participating in matters before that governmental body which
he or she serves as to the applications of other individuals who may be
similarly situated and who are applying for funds or seeking to participate in
the program.
Essentially, the Commission sought to eliminate the possibility that a
public official or public employee who was seeking such funds or seeking to
participate in these grant programs would be in a position to insure the grant
funds or th^ program benefits would be available to be applied for or applied
to for his own benefit. Thus, a public official or public employee in such a
situation should refrain from participating in making decisions or
recommendations about the program and regarding distribution of the limited
funds which might be available as a result of such a program. The reason for
such abstentions must be placed on the public record.
Based upon the facts, as outlined above and as we understand them, we
must now apply these principles to this case and particular circumstances.
Essentially, we conclude that the councilperson may, under the Ethics Act,
participate in the program as outlined above, without resigning from her
Edward Leymarie, Jr., Esquire
September 10, 1986
Page 5
position or relinquishing her role as a public official if the criteria listed
above at Numbers 1 -4 are met. Under such circumstances, so long as the
required abstentions discussed above are observed, she may apply for and
participate in the benefits associated with this program. See, Macko,
85- 570 -A; 85- 570 -B.
Finally, we must make reference to Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act in
order to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section 3(h) of
the Ethics Act cited above, which must be observed, the councilperson must
neither offer nor accept anything of value on the understanding or with the
intention that her official judgment would he influenced thereby. We assume
such a situation does not exist here. We add reference to this section not to
indicate that any such activity has been or will be undertaken but in an
effort to provide a complete response to your inquiry.
Conclusion: The Ethics Act and the rulings of the Ethics Commission reveal no
reason to preclude the councilperson from participating in this program as
outlined above. So long as the conduct of this official conforms to the
guidelines discussed above, she may participate in this program. If these
guidelines are met, there would he neither a conflict nor an appearance of
conflict with the public trust under the Ethics Act in this situation.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must he made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Si
n
Gene
ontino
1 Counsel
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