HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-593 NovakAllen Paul Novak, Esquire
22 North 3rd Avenue
Coatesville, PA 19320
Re: City Councilmember Purchasing City Bonds
Dear Mr. Novak:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
August 14, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
86 -593
This responds to your letter of July 28, 1986, wherein you requested the
advice of the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a member of city council may purchase general obligation bonds
issued by the city.
Facts: As Solicitor for the City of Coatesville, you have requested the
advice of the. State Ethics Commission in relation to an issue that has
recently developed. You advise that the City Council of Coatesville has
adopted ordinances which approved the issuance of general obligation bonds for
the City of Coatesville. The purpose of the bond issuance is to finance the
Department of Environmental Resources mandated improvements to the city's
sewer plant and facilities. You have been asked, by one of the members of the
city council, if it would he permissible for him to purchase some of the bonds
which will be sold as part of the bond issuance. You advised that this
councilmember has been approached independently by his investment broker in
relation to this situation. The city council voted for and approved the
issuance of the bonds in relation to this project.
As solicitor for the City of Coatesville you have, therefore, requested
the advice of the State Ethics Commission as to whether there would be any
prohibitions under the State Ethics Act regarding this contemplated purchase
of bonds.
Discussion: As a member of a city council, the individual involved in this
situation is a public official as that term is defined in the State Ethics
Act. 65 P.S. §402. As such, his conduct must conform to the requirements of
the law. See Boyle, 80 -020.
Alien Paul Novak, Esquire
August 14, 1986
Page 2
Generally, the State Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Within the above provision of law, it is clear that a public official may not
use his position in order to obtain a financial gain for himself or for a
business with which he is associated other than the compensation that is
provided for by law. In relation to the question that you have asked, the
Commission has, on several occasions, issued opinions and advices which
indicate that the Ethics Act generally would place no prohibition upon a
public official's or employee's purchase of bonds or stock that somehow
related to the entity on which they serve. For example, the Commission has
ruled that a member of the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board may purchase
stock available to the general public, in corporations that are involved in
dairy products. Sciotto, 81 -560. Similarly, the Commission also indicated
that a member of the General Assembly would not be prohibited from purchasing
Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency Bonds. Bodack, 81 -564. See also, Sacks,
86 -581 (Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare attorney may invest in a
limited partnership that is involved in the construction of a personal care
boarding home.)
While the Ethics Act will place no per se prohibitions on an investment
of the type as set forth in your letter, it is clear that the Act would
prohibit the in question city councilman from using his public position or any
confidential information obtained through his position in order to benefit
himself. Thus, if through his city council position this individual has
access to information which could somehow result in a financial gain being
acquired through the purchase or sale of the stock, then said individual may
not use that information for any purpose whatsoever. Additionally, depending
upon the type of situation that could develop, this individual should be
cautious in actions that he takes, if any, in relation to council's handling
of the bond issuance. For example, if the bond issuance is being handled by a
sewer authority and the council has no influence or control, then there would
appear to be no restrictions on this councilman's purchase of those bonds.
However, if this councilmember must actively participate in daily actions
which relate to the issuance of the bond and the pay -back of the bond then, in
certain situations, he may be prohibited as a public official from
participating in that particular activity. In this respect, if a situation
should develop wherein a conflict of interest question arises, the further
advice of this Commission should be received. We assume, also for the purpose
of this advice, that the bond issuance will be handled in the normal course of
Alien Paul Novak, Esquire
August 14, 1986
Page 3
business and that the sale of bonds will be made to the public generally
through investment brokers. Thus, there would be no prohibition under the
State Ethics Act of this particular city councilmember making a purchase over
the public market of the bonds after they are issued.
Finally, you are reminded that all public officials must report income
received in excess of $500 in any given year. Thus, if the purchase of the
bonds will result in receipt of income in excess of that amount, such must be
reported on the annual Statement of Financial Interests which is required
under the State Ethics Act.
Conclusion: The State Ethics Act would present no per se prohibition upon a
member of city council purchasing, over the public market through an
investment brokerage firm, bonds that are issued by the governmental body on
which he serve. A public official, however, may not use any confidential
information obtained from his public position to either purchase or sell bonds
in an effort to realize a financial gain. Similarly, if this public official
is called upon to act in a matter that involves the bond issuance or pay -back,
then depending upon the situation, the further advice of this Commission may
be necessary.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Since
Gene Counsel