HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-589 KenneyPaul I. Kenney
855 Market Street
P.O. Box 384
Lemoyne, PA 17043
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
July 29, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
86 - 589
RE: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Transportation Utility Manager,
Public Utility Commission
Dear Mr. Kenney:
This responds to your letter of July 1, 1986, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission.
Facts: On February 4, 1986, you retired from your position with the Public
Utility Commission. You held the position of Transportation Utility Manager,
Finance Division, Bureau of Transportation. You advise that you have formed a
corporation, P. I. Kenney Associates, Inc. This Corporation will be involved
in providing consultant services for transportation activities including
applications for authority, traffic changes and associated financial
justifications and transfer of authority.
In your position with the Public Utility Commission you were generally
responsible for administrative and supervisory work in managing a division
involved in the review and analysis of tariffs, annual reports, applications
and other financial data required to be filed by transportation utilities to
justify service rates or other financial transactions. Generally, you are
responsible for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the
division. The individuals in your division were responsible for the analysis
and acceptance of tariffs, annual reports, petitions, applications for
mergers, consolidation, securities issuance, incorporations, charter
amendments, stock acquisitions, purchase /sale of carrier rights regarding
transportation utilities. You performed cash flow analysis of transportation
utilities for proper allocation and financial conditions, and made
recommendations to the bureau director and the commission in relation thereto.
You also conferred with utility representatives, counsel, accountants or
Paul I. Kenney
July 29, 1986
Page 2
owners concerning major transactions. You were responsible for advising the
bureau director, the commissioners on technical financial matters, and making
recanmendations in relation thereto. You also assisted in formulating general
policies. You arranged and conducted conferences with carriers regarding rate
structures and advised on methods of presentation to the commission of the
financial data required for rate increases. We have reviewed your
classification specification (7973) and have incorporated that document herein
by reference.
You have requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission in relation
to whether any prohibitions would be place upon you within the purview of the
State Ethics Act.
Discussion: At the outset, it must be noted that the Ethics Commission may
only address your question within the purview of the Ethics Act. The
Commission may not and will not, offer advice with respect to any duties or
obligations that may be imposed by other provisions of law such as the State
Adverse Interest Act or the Governor's Code of Conduct.
As a Transportation Utility Manager for the Public Utility Commission,
hereinafter the Commission, you are to be considered a "public employee"
within the definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This
conclusion is based upon your job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another
person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Paul I. Kenney
July 29, 1986
Page 3
Initially, to answer your request we must identify the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working with the Commission. Then,
we must review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and
term of "representation ". In this context, the Ethics Commission has
previously ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be
deemed to have been associated during his tenure of public office or
employment extends to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. See Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been the Commission, generally. This is
so specifically in light of your responsibility to advise the bureau director
and the commissioners on technical financial matters and to make
recommendations thereon and assist in the formulation of general policies.
Thus, the "governmental body"' with which you have been "associated" upon
the termination of your employment would be the Commission. Therefore, within
the first year after you would leave the Commission, Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or new
employers vis -a -vis the Commission.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Commission. Likewise, there is no
general limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage,
following your departure from the Commission. We do note, however, that the
conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector, that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public employer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwi kl , 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
Paul I. Kenney
July 29, 1986
Page 4
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Commission), including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the Commission;
2. Attempts to influence the Commission;
3. Participating in any matters before the Commission over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by the
Commission;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Commission in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Commission, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental
body. See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
leave the Commission, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined
above. (The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name
as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or
reviewed is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik, 84 -007).
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Commission so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the Commission.
Once again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to
the the Commission. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not
prohibit or preclude you from making general informational inquiries of (4) to
secure information which is available to the general public. See Cutt,
79 -023. This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the Commission your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, 80 -056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
Additionally, we note that Section 403(b) of the State Ethics Act would
prohibit any public employee or public official from accepting a position of
employment if said position has been offered based upon the understanding that
the official conduct of the employee or official, while working for his former
governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See 65 P.S. §403(b).
Paul I. Kenney
July 29, 1986
Page 5
Conclusion: As a Transportation Utility Manager, you are to be considered a
"public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your
service with the Public Utility Commission, you would become a "former public
employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics
Act. As such, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics
Act as outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the one year
representation restriction is the Public Utility Commission.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as outlined
above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial Interests for the year following your termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sinc
n �. no
Gener. Counsel