HomeMy WebLinkAbout83-577 DreadMr. Richard A. Dread
6C Lynnebrook Apartments
Millersville, PA 17551
Dear Mr. Dread:
Madmg Address:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1 179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
July 19, 1983
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
83 -577
RE: PennDot Equal Opportunity Development Analyst II; Private Construction
Firm; Bidding; Section 3(c)
This responds to your letter of June 20, 1983, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You would like to know whether you as a PennDot Equal Opportunity
Development Analyst II would encounter any conflicts of interests if your
private construction corporation attempted to contract with PennDot and other
state agencies.
Facts: You are employed as an Equal Opportunity Development Analyst II in the
Department of Transportation. You work directly with contractors to insure
compliance with state and federal affirmative action guidelines. You also
assist contractors in their efforts to contract work out to minority and women
business enterprises. Other examples of your work include reviewing agency
operating procedures and practices to eliminate discrimination, conducting
on -site reviews of state contractor project sites and /or agency facilities to
insure compliance of civil rights legislation, and investigating and resolving
cases of alleged discrimination. You are also responsible for advising and
counseling management and supervisory personnel to insure compliance with
equal opportunity goals and objectives.
You state that you have no responsibility for awarding contracts,
however, you do have access to past bidding proposals, sub - contract awards,
and other required paperwork.
You further state that you are considering forming or joining, or have
formed or joined, a construction firm or corporation, hereinafter the "firm ",
of which you would serve as president and major stockholder. In this regard,
you would like the State Ethics Commission to advise you on whether any
conflicts of interest would arise if this construction firm bids jobs with
state agencies, including PennDot.
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Mr. Richard A. Dread
July 19, 1983
Page 2
Discussion: As an Equal Opportunity Development Analyst II with PennDot, you
are a "public employee" and are assumed to be generally subject to the
requirements of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 401 et seq. While the Act contains
some restrictions against contracting with the governmental body with which
you are associated, see Section 3(c), the Act does not prohibit a person from
engaging in outside employment on his own time
Essentially, the Ethics Act precludes any'employment which would
constitute a cunflict of interest with your employment. The Ethics
Commission has defined "conflict of interest" as existing where an individual
represents twc or more persons whose interests are adverse to each other. See
Alfano, 80 -007. In your situation, it does not appear that the interests of
PennDot and the firm will necessarily be adverse to each other. Accordingly,
serving as an Equal Opportunity Development Analyst II concurrently with
associating with the private firm would not be a per se conflict of interest
under the Ethics Act.
You should, however, be aware of some of the restrictions applicable to
your under the Act. Section 3(a), 65 P.S. 403(a), prohibits any public
employee from using his public employment or confidential information received
through public employment to obtain financial gain for himself or his family
or a business with which he is associated. A "business" with which you are
"associated" is defined in the Ethics Act as:
"Business with which he is associated." Any business in
which the person or a member of the person's immediate
family is a director, officer, owner, employee or holder
of stock. 65 P.S. 403(a).
As president or stock - holder in the firm you would be deemed "associated" with
this firm. Thus, you could not use your access to past bidding proposals,
sub - contract awards, information, or data in order to obtain financial gain
for yourself or this firm. In addition, Section 3(b), 65 P.S. 403(b),
precludes any person from offering a public employee any thing of value,
including a promise of future employment, based on the understanding that his
official actions would be influenced thereby. These restrictions are cited
not to indicate any violations of the Ethics Act in the situation in which you
describe, but to serve as a point of reference and guide for conduct in
general.
We must also review Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act. Section 3(c), 65
P.S. 403(c), provides that no public employee, membee of his immediate family
or any business in which the person or a member of his immediate family is an
officer, director or owner of greater than 5% of the equity at fair market
value may contract with the governmental body unless the contract, valued at
Mr. Richard A. Dread
July 19, 1983
Page 3
more than $500, has been awarded through an open and public process. See
Howard, 79 -044. 'Previous Opinions of the Commission have held, however, that
the term "governmental body" in Section 3(c) refers to the governmental body
with which that public official or employee was "associated." Ryan, 80 -014
and Lynch, 79 -047. You are "associated ", at most, with PennDot. Therefore,
the 'open and public process" limitations of Section 3(c) apply only if you
and the firm contract with PennDot in an amount in excess of $500 in the
course of your operations. You or the firm could, however, contract with any
other state agency with which you were not considered to be "associated"
without undertaking the open and public process set forth in Section 3(c).
It must be emphasized that there is no absolute prohibition against the
firm contracting with PennDot -- the governmental body with which you are
associated -- provided that any contract valued in excess of $500 is awarded
in an open and public process. In its opinion in Howard, 79 -044, the
Commission stated that an open and public process must meet the following
criteria:
1. prior public notice; and
2. public disclosure of all proposals considered; and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contract.
If these standards are complied with, the firm could contract even with
PennDot in excess of $500 should the opportunity present itself.
Conclusion: As a public employee, you must comply with the requirements of
Sections 3(a) and (b) in not using confidential information gained through
your public employment to obtain financial gain, and in not accepting any
thing of value in return for favorable official actions.
Under Section 3(c), you or your business may contract even with PennDot
if the contract, valued at greater than $500, is awarded through an open and
public process, as described above:
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Mr. Richard A. Dread
July 19, 1983
Page 4
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
CW /rdp
Bruce K. Dowman, Acting inspector General
Thomas D. Larson, Secretary
Sincerely,
Sandra S. Chr' tianson
General Couns'el