HomeMy WebLinkAbout83-576 MageeMr. David I. Magee
114 North Carlisle Street
P.O. Box 311
New Bloomfield, PA 17068
Dear Mr. Magee:
_ Mailing Address:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1 179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
July 18, 1983
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
RE: County Office; Contracting; Printing Business
83 -576
This responds to your letter of June 13, 1983, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You request advice as to whether Perry County may continue to do
business with a printing company in which you own stock if you are elected to
a County office.
Facts: You are a candidate for County office in Perry County hereinafter, the
County, and the office for which you are running is the Register and Recorders
Office.
You state that you own stock in the printing company and do printing work
for the County, and that most of the County printing you do is awarded by bid.
You would like to know whether your printing company will be able to continue
to do printing work for the County if you are elected to public office.
Discussion: As an elected County official of Perry County, there is no doubt
that you would be a public official within the meaning of that term as set
forth in the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 401 et seq. Accordingly, your conduct as a
County official would be governed by the Ethics Act. However, while the Act
contains some restrictions against contracts between a public employee and the
governmental body with which he is associated (the County), the Act does not
totally prohibit a person from engaging in outside businesses, employment or
other ventures on their own time. Essentially, the Ethics Act precludes
engaging in ventures which would constitute a conflict of interest with your
public employment. The Ethics Commission has defined a "conflict of interest"
as existing where an individual represents two or more persons whose interest
are adverse to each other. See Alfano, 80 -007. While the situation you
present does not constitute a per se conflict of interest, you should be aware -
of some other restrictions that would apply to you under these circumstances
and the Ethics Act if you were to be elected to County office.
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Mr. David I. Magee
July 18, 1983
Page 2
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides that no public official should
use his public office or any confidential information obtained through holding
public office to acquire financial gain for himself, his immediate family, or
a business with which he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a). "Business" with
which you are "associated" is defined as:
"Business with which he is associated." Any business in
which the person or a member of the person's immediate
family is a director, officer, owner, employee or holder
of stock. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Under this definition, you are clearly "associated" with the printing company
in which you own stock. Thus, you may not use your position as an elected
County official if you are elected, to secure financial gain for your
business, the printing company, nor may you pass any confidential information
acquired through being an elected County official to the printing company.
Section 3(b) of the Act states that no person shall give to a public
official /employee, nor shall any public official /employee accept, any thing of
value based on any understanding that the official's vote, action or judgment
would be influenced thereby. 65 P.S. 403(b). Future or continued employment,
future income from the printing company, etc. are things of value and, thus,
you may not allow your official actions or judgments as an elected official to
be affected by such promises from the printing company.
Similarly, the Ethics Act would apply to the printing company as a
"person" as that term is defined in the Act to include a corporation, and
would preclude this company, under Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act, from
offering any thing of value to you or any other a public official /employee
based on the understanding that the official's conduct would be influenced
thereby.
Further, Section 3(c) of the Act states that no public official, member
of his immediate family or any business in which the person or member of his
immediate family is an officer, director or owner of greater than 5% of the
equity at fair market value, may contract in an amount in excess of $500, with
the governmental body with which the official is associated unless the
contract has been awarded through an open and public process. See Howard,
79 -044. Previous opinions of the Commission have held that the term
"governmental body" in Section 3(c) refers to the governmental body with which
the public official is "associated." Bryan, 80 -014; and Lynch 79 -047.
Therefore, the "open and public process" limitation of Section 3(c) would
apply if you or your family hold stock exceeding 5% of the equity of the
printing company or if you or your family are a director, officer, owner, if
and when, the printing company attempts to contract with the County.
Mr. David I. Magee
July 18, 1983
Page 3
It must be emphasized that Section 3(c) presents no absolute prohibition
on a contract between the printing company and the County. Section 3(c)
requires, however, that any contract valued in excess of $500 be awarded only
after an open and public process. In its opinion in Howard, 79 -044, the
Commission stated that an open and public process must meet the following
criteria:
1. prior public notice; and
2. public disclosure of all proposals considered; and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contract.
If these standards are complied with and competitors have a reasonable time
within which to submit their proposals, the printing company (if you or a
member of your immediate family hold the positions or the 5% interest as set
forth in this Section), could contract with the County for a contract in
excess of $500.
You should also insure that even the appearance of a conflict of interest
with the public trust will not arise. See Section 1 of the Ethics Act, 65
P.S. 401. Thus, where any bids are submitted to the County for consideration,
you are advised that to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest, by
keeping your name off of any bids submitted if possible, and by refraining
from personally negotiating on a contract awarded through such bids.
Finally, if the printing company does contract with the County in
accordance with Section 1 of the Ethics Act, in order to avoid any appearance
of a conflict of interest, you must abstain from any action, review and
recommendation, or other process of consideration of the award of the contract
to the printing company where you were acting as a County official. The
reasons for this abstention should be placed on the public record.
Conclusion: As a public official and a stock - holder in the printing company,
you must avoid any conflict of interest by complying with the requirements of
Sections 3(a) and (b) of the Ethics Act by not using confidential information
gained through holding public office to obtain financial gain and not
accepting or offering any thing of value for favorable official actions. The
company, because of your association with the company (if this falls within
the category of director, officer, owner or holder of stock of 5% of the
equity at fair market value) and as County official, may enter into a contract
with the County valued in excess of $500, only if that contract is awarded
after an open and public process in compliance with Section 3(c) of the Ethics
Act, which provides for:
Mr. David I. MaGee
July 18, 1983
Page 4
1. prior public notice; and
2. public disclosure of all proposals considered; and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contract.
When the County considers whether or not to award the contract to the
printing company, you must, in order to avoid any conflict of interest or the
appearance of a conflict of interest under Section 1 of the Ethics Act,
abstain and make this part of the public record from any participation in the
decision - making process of whether or not to award the contract or by which
the contract is awarded. Additionally, where any bids are submitted to the
County for consideration, you should keep your name off of any such bids if
possible and refrain from the negotiation of any contract awarded through such
bids.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
CW /rdp
Sincerely,
• Sa dra S. r'stianson
General Counsel