HomeMy WebLinkAbout83-561 MoulthropMr. James S. Moulthrop
266 North 24th Street
Camp Hill, PA 17011
Mailin Address:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1 179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
June 17, 1983
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
83 -561
RE: Section 3(e) Restrictions, Representation
Dear Mr. Moulthrop:
This responds to your letter of February 9, 1983, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether, under the Ethics Act, there are any restrictions on
your activities following the termination of your employment with the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDot).
Facts: As of February 9, 1983, you are voluntarily terminating your
employment with PennDot. You will be moving into private industry and you
will be employed by a firm that manufactures and markets an addative to
asphalt cement that will be designed to improve the properties and performance
of bituminous pavements. You will be a technical representative and you will
not necessarily be directly involved in solicitations or selling. You are
expected to represent this firm in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and New
England while providing technical support for the product called "Chemcrete."
Your tenure with PennDot spans some 19 years in which you have served in
several positions within District 1 -0 (Franklin) and Harrisburg. Your latest
assignment has been as Director of the Bureau of Highway Maintenance (for the
last year and three months) and prior to that as the Chief of Materials and
Testing Division (two years and two months), from September 1979 until
November, 1981. In these positions, Director of the Bureau of Highway
Maintenance and the Chief of Materials and Testing Division, you indicate that
you had "influence" on a state -wide basis. Although not in the direct line of
authority to each of the engineering districts, you did have direct
responsibility for setting state -wide policy for numerous issues involving
maintenance and materials control in particular. As Director of the Bureau of
Highway Maintenance, your calls, for example, to the district engineer, his
assistant for maintenance or the county'maintenance manager would be perceived
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
-- Mr. James S. Moulthrop
June 17, 1983 -
Page 2
as something other than suggestions, more in the light of directives.
Likewise, in your position as Chief of Materials and Testing Division and in
your position immediately prior to that as Chief of the Field Materials
Control Engineers, Bureau of Materials (December, 1972 - September 1979) you
had close contact with or in some instances had the District materials
engineers reporting directly to you.
In your new position you do not believe that you would be in a position
to sign bid proposals to be presented to PennDot and you have indicated to
your new employer that you would not make technical presentations to the
District Office personnel in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the
product called "Chemcrete." However, you would wish to be able to visit the
District offices on a more social level which would not involve any selling or
attempts at persuasion with relation to the product called "Chemcrete."
Discussion: In your position as the Director of the Bureau of Highway
Maintenance which immediately proceeded your departure from PennDot you were
clearly to be considered a "public employee" within the definition of that
term as contained in the Ethics Act. Consequently, upon your termination of
employment with PennDot, you became a "former public employee" subject to the
provisions of Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act which provides as follows:
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year'after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
Thus, the main questions to be answered in the context of this request
are to identify those "governmental bodies with which you were associated"
while working with PennDot and the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the term "representation." In this context, the Ethics Commission has
previously ruled that the scope of the "governmental bodies" with which an
individual may be deemed to have been "associated" during his tenure of public
employment extend to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. In your outline you indicate quite clearly, that you
had influence, and in some aspects of your work as Chief within the Field
Materials Division and Bureau, supervision over the personnel within the
District Offices. As such, although we would normally indicate that the
"governmental body" with which you probably would be deemed "associated" would
be limited to the Bureau of Highway Maintenance or at most the Office of the
Deputy Secretary for Highway Administration, we must, given these particular
facts, indicate that you must also be deemed to have been associated with the
District Offices in addition to the fact that you were also associated with
the Bureau of Highway Maintenance. Therefore, any restrictions against your
"representation" of any person within' the first year after you lea/e'the
employment of PennDot would apply to both the District Offices and the Bureau
of Highway Maintenance.
Mr. James S. Moulthrop
June 17, 1983
Page 3
The Ethics Commission has interpreted "representation" as that term is
used in Section 3(e) to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental bodies with which you
have been associated, including but not limited to negotiations on
contracts;
2. attempts to influence those governmental bodies;
3. participation in any manner before these governmental bodies in any
case matter or contract over which you had supervision, direct
involvement, or responsibility while employed by the governmental
bodies;
4. lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person before the
governmental bodies in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The mere fact of preparing and signing as preparer or as the person who
will provide technical assistance under such proposal, documents or bids on
which you name appear as such an individual (preparer or technical advisor)
has been held to constitute an attempt to influence your formal governmental
bodies. Therefore, such activity should not be undertaken either before the
District Offices or to the Bureau of Highway Design. Incidental to this
conclusion, you should also be advised that you would be engaging in
"restricted activities"if you were to "represent" any employer by supplying
reports, technical data, or proposals to any other Bureau where those reports,
data, proposals, would entail or you would know that they would entail these
items being submitted to the "governmental bodies" with which you had been
associated (the Bureau of Highway Maintenance or the District Offices). Thus,
any contact with any division or bureau in PennDot which would result in
materials, bids, proposals, requests, etc., being forwarded from the entity,
division, or bureau to the Bureau of Highway Maintenance or to the District
Offices, would fall within the scope of prohibited "representation."
You may, however, even under the above - referenced restrictions, assist in
the preparation of any documents to be presented to or appearance to be made
by another person or individual before the Bureau of Highway Maintenance or
the District Offices, so long as you are not identified as preparer or the
person to be providing technical assistance thereon as outlined above. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Act does not prohibit or preclude your making
general informational inquiries of the Bureau of Highway Maintenance or the
District Offices. Cutt, 79 -023. In this regard, contacts with the District
Offices or the Bureau of Highway Maintenace which are simply "social" and do
n.)t entail any attempts to sell, persuade, or "represent" as outlined above
-Mr. James S. Moulthrop
June 17, 1983
Page 4
are not prohibited. You have already indicated that you would be voluntarily
refraining from making any technical presentations to the District Offices and
we believe that this restriction is consistant with the requirements of the
Ethics Act and should be maintained for the one -year period following your
termination of service with PennDot.
Finally, in an effort to answer all the specific questions which you have
oultined in your presentation these will be addressed below:
1. You ask whether you may continue to serve on a Transportation
Research Board (TRB) Committee and more specifically, the Committees
on Pavement Maintenance Management. You indicate that some PennDot
personnel also serve on these Committees. You further indicate,
however, that the TRB Commitees are really private groups of experts
and interested persons sponsored by the National Commission on
Sciences which meet once a year to share information and to exchange
data regarding their specific subjects. The Ethics Commission has
not ruled that participation in such private Committees, even where
PennDot personnel may also participate in such Committees, is in any
way restricted or prohibited by.Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act.
Thus, you may continue to serve as a member of the TRB Committee and
to have contact with PennDot personnel regarding your involvement
with TRB work.
2. You ask whether your many and varied contacts with Pennsylvania State
University and the Pennsylvania Transportation Institute at Penn
State would pose any problems if you were to continue to have such
contacts regarding "Chemcrete" under the Ethics Act. The Commission
has typically held that the "governmental bodies" with which you had
been "associated" do not extend to individual entities which are
separate and distinct from the Department or Bureau where you were
employed such as Pennsylvania State University or the Pennsylvania
Transportation Institute at Penn State. Thus, because you have not
been "associated with" Penn State'.University or the Pennsylvania
Transportation Institute at Penn State by virtue of your employment
with PennDot, there are no restrictions on the contact you may have
with people associated with either Pennsylvania State University or
the Pennsylvania Transportation Institute at Penn State. You may
contact them regarding Chemcrete or other matters so long as such
contact does not entail any "representation" before the governmental
bodies with which you were associated (the Bureau of Highway
Maintenance and the District Offices) as set forth above.
- Mr. James S. Moulthrop
June 17, 1983
Page 5
3. Question number three within your original presentation dealt with
the contact you may have with PennDot, the district, county, and
central office levels of PennDot which was dealt with more
specifically and more fully above. These will not be reiterated
here.
4. You ask whether you can make presentations to a Chapter of the
American Society of Highway Engineers. The membership of this
Society is composed of PennDot, contractors, material suppliers, and
consultants. You ask whether you can make presentations to these
groups regarding "Chemcrete." Again, the Ethics Act would not find
that you had been "associated with" this Society. Essentially, this
Society appears to be an independent and private group and cannot be
found to be the governmental body with which you had been associated
and to which any of the prohibitions contained in Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act would be extended. Consequently, we find no prohibitions
under Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act with relation to making
presentations regarding "Chemcrete" to these groups.
5. You ask questions regarding the fact that you had been chairman of a
Roadway Management System Implementation Committee which was charged
with the responsibility of, among other things, soliciting proposals
from interested firms to prepare an automated roadway inventory
system for PennDot, the Committee selected a consultant who is now
working for the Department. You ask whether you may provide
expertise in the subject area to the consultant with or without
renumeration as it relates to this project. You ask whether you may
provide information to the Department regarding this contract. Our
response to these two questions is that any activitiy that you
undertake with regard to this Committee or the consultant and
contractor to the Department may not involve any " representation" as
itemized more fully above with regard to the Bureau of Highway
Maintenance and the Distict Offices. While we have generally held
that administering rather than negotiating a contract is not
prohibited representation, without more detail as to the exact nature
and responsibility of this Committee and the efforts you intend to
undertake, it is impossible to give a more complete response.
However, should you need further advice as to specific matters within
the realm of the jurisdiction of this Committee, please contact us
again for a more specific response.
'Mr. James S. Moulthrop
June 17, 1983
Page 6
SSC /rdp
6. Finally, you ask whether you may make contact with the Pennsylvania
Turnpike Commission regarding "Chemcrete." Again, the Pennsylvania
Turnpike Commission is not to be considered the "governmental bodies"
with which you may have been associated during your tenure of public
employment. As such, Section 3(e) poses no restrictions or
prohibitions with relation to your contact with the Pennsylvania
Turnpike Commission regarding " Chemcrete" or otherwise.
Conclusion: Your conduct as a "former public employee" should be guided by
the above discussion. In addition, as a former public employee, you are
required to file a Financial Interest Statement for the year following the
termination of your employment with PennDot. If you have further questions
regarding specific instances, please feel free to contact us again.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
cc: Thomas D. Larson, Secretary
Sincerely,
S rfdra S. Chris anson
General Counsel