HomeMy WebLinkAbout83-538 BaldwinMr. William E. Baldwin, Member
House of Representatives
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
302 Mahantongo Street
Pottsville, PA 17901
Mailing Address:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1 179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPI-jONE: (717) 783 -1610
April 20, 1983
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
RE: Representative; Limitations on Law Practice
Dear Representative Baldwin:
83 -538
This responds'to your letter of February 28, 1983, in_which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You are interested in determining what limitations exist regarding
your practice of law.
Facts: You currently serve as a Member of the House of Representatives of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. You are of the current understanding that you
are not precluded from handling criminal cases or civil actions in which the
Commonwealth or a Commonwealth agency is named as a defendant as long as the
matter is taken before a judicial tribunal, rather than a state agency in a
position to exercise discretion in the decision making process.
Your firm is handling a case about which you are particularly concerned.
It involves a medical malpractice case against a doctor who treated a patient
in the dispensary of one of the State Hospitals. The case is directed
primarily against the physician, however it was also necessary to name the
hospital as a defendant. You would like to know whether there is any problem
with having either yourself or a member of the firm representing the
plaintiff.
You state that you understand that there are certain ministerial
functions before a state agency on which you may represent a client, such as
license applications, but that there are areas where the decision - making
process is more of a discretionary nature and from which you would be
precluded. You would like to know of the limitations on your representation
in such areas, and you also would like to know whether your law firm would be
subject to any limitations where you are personally precluded from
representing a client.
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Mr. William E. Baldwin, Member
April 20, 1983
Page 2
Discussion: Initially, the Ethics Commission notes that, as a statutory
entity, its jurisdiction and its power is strictly limited to the authority
granted it in 65 P.S. §401 et seq. Thus, it has no authority to interpret
and /or enforce the provisions of other codes, for example, the Code of
Professional Responsibility, and this advice should not be construed as
clearance to act under other Commonwealth laws.
We do note, however, that as an elected official you are considered a
"public official" within the purview of the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Addressing the concerns presented under the Act itself, it is clear that
neither the Ethics Act nor any opinion of the Commission imposes a prohibition
against your practice of law while serving as a legislator. In past
decisions, the Commission has indicated that a legislator, for example, may
serve simultaneously as a legislator and as a consultant without violating the
Ethics Act. See Geist, 79 -011. See also Manderino, 80- 027 -C. A similar
decision has been rendered in relation to an employee of a legislative
committee seeking employment with another legislatively created commission.
See Berson, 79 -039.
r
In addition, the Commission has determined that with reference to an
analogous section of the Ethics Act, Section 3(e), 65 P.S. §403(e), any
disqualification which might be applicable to a particular public employee or
public official would not "taint" any member of the former public employee's
or official's firm. Thus any prohibitions or requirements which might be
imposed on a particular public employee or public official would not give rise
to application of similar disqualifications as to members of the firm with
which that particular public employee or official is or might become
associated. See Morris, 80 -039 and Pratt, 82 -570.
We do note that your question raises concerns relating to Section 3(a)
and 3(b) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. §403(a) and (b) respectively.
Specifically, there is a general question as to whether legislators may
themselves serve as advocates before the State agencies. This matter has been
the subject of extensive review by various states. However, the Pennsylvania
State Ethics Commission has not provided any precedent in this matter which I
may relate to you at this time. This general question, however, may be
presented to the Commission for their potential review and disposition as
necessary. Without a specific factual circumstance, I am unable to provide a
general response as you request. Should you wish to pursue the question of
whether you may personally appear and represent clients before state agencies,
I suggest you present a specific case or question to the State Ethics
Commission on this point.
With regard to the specific court case with which you are concerned, the
State Ethics Commission has produced no precedent which would preclude your
representing the plaintiff in the medical malpractice case in court. In fact,
the State Ethics Commission could not realisticly preclude practice or action
Mr. William E. Baldwin, Member
April 20, 1983
Page 3
before a judicial tribunal. It follows that because you are not personally
precluded from representing the plaintiff in the above - mentioned court case,
neither are the members of your 'firm precluded from such representation. In
this regard, and with regard to appearance before State agencies even if you
might be personally barred from representing a client, under the Ethics Act,
your firm would not be restricted from such representation.
Of course, Sections 3(a) and 3(b) of the Ethics Act mentioned above
provide that no public official may use his public office or confidential
information received through public office to obtain financial gain other than
compensation provided by law for himself, his family, or a business with which
he is associated. In addition, these Sections prohibit a public official or
candidate for public office from receiving any thing of value, including the
promise of future employment, on the understanding that his official conduct
would be influenced thereby. See 65 P.S. §403(a) and (b). Any conduct
undertaken must conform to these requirements.
Conclusion: The Ethics Act does not prohibit simultaneous service as a member
of the House of Representatives and as a member of a law firm. Any
restrictions that might possibly be imposed upon a member of the House of
Representatives are restricted to.the individual public official and do not
disqualify the entire firm or impose any limitations upon the law partners of
the public official.
Assuming that the malpractice case with which you are concerned is to be
tried before a judicial tribunal, the State Ethics Act and decisions of the
State Ethics Commission impose no restriction upon your representation before
a judicial tribunal in this or any matter. With regard to representation
before state agencies, the Commission has not yet provided any precedent in
the matter, thus, the question is still open for review and should you wish to
provide a specific factual question or pursue this matter further, please
advise and the question will be presented to the State Ethics Commission.
This response is provided to answer as many items /issues you raise as
possible.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(1i), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Mr. William E. Baldwin, Member
April 20, 1983
Page 4
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request 4 that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
CW /rdp
Sincerely,
Sandra S. Christianson
General Coun el