HomeMy WebLinkAbout17-545 Confidentialb
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 1, 2017
To the Requester:
17 -545
This responds to your letter dated May 21, 2017, by which You requested a
confidential advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission (`Commission ").
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. -S. § 1'101 et sec., would impose restrictions upon employment of an A following
termination of employment with Commonwealth Department B.
Facts: You request a confidential advisory from the Commission regarding the
ost- employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be
airly summarized as follows.
On [date] , U you retired from your employment as an A with Commonwealth
Department B in C, in which capacity you served as the D. You have submitted
copies of your official Commonwealth position description, the job classification
specifications for the position of A (job code [number]), and an organizational chart for
Unit C, which documents are incorporated herein by reference.
You state that in your former Commonwealth position: your .
our Job duties were
specific to the [number] Es covered by Unit C. Your job duties included, inter alia,
[certain duties].
You state that you recently joined a [type of firm] ( "the Firm ") that provides [type
of services to numerous clients, including Commonwealth Department B. You currently
serve in a type of role] with the Firm, which involves reviewing documents and plans
and providing technical assistance on various projects for clients. You state that you
will not have any direct contact with Commonwealth Department B officials via
meetings, telephone, written documentation, email, or social media. You further state
that you will not be named as a technical contact person and that your name will not
appear on any documents or work product.
You seek guidance as to whether the Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or
restrictions upon you during the first year following termination of your employment with
Commonwealth Department B. In particular, you pose the following specific questions:
(1) Whether you would be permitted to perform work for the Firm on
Commonwealth Department B contracts -- excluding work associated with
Unit C - -in a "non- representative role ";
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e -mail: ethics@state.pa.us
Confidential Advice, 17 -545
August 1, 2017
Page 2
(2) For purposes of applying the Commission's holding in Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011 pertaining to invoices), whether Unit C would be
considered the "unit" where you worked at Commonwealth Department B;
and
(3) Whether your name could appear on invoices submitted to
Commonwealth Department B by the Firm for work that you would perform
on pre - existing contracts with Commonwealth Department B that would
not involve Unit C.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics-Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 11070 O0 , (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as an A for Commonwealth Department B, you would be
considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa.. Code § 11.1; cite]. This
conclusion is based upon tke position description and the job classification
specifications, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicate clearly that the
power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; administering or
monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning; inspecting; licensing, regulating;
auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of your employment with Commonwealth
Department B, you became a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of
the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103 (g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official/public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a erso_n, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
Confidential Advice, 17 -545
August 1, 2017
Page 3
"Represent. " To act on behalf of any other person in
an activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
follyowing: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated. " The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public off iciallpublic employee himself,
Confidential Opinion, 93005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur,
pinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed.by or contain the name of
the former public official/public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89.005.
Listing one's name as the person who will . provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(8) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service
with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91-012. However, if such a pre - existing
contract does not involve the unit where a former public employee worked, the name of
the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required byy the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official/public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
Confidential Advice, 17-545
August 1, 2017
Page 4
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(8) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
officiallpublic employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official/public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, Sharp, Opinion 90- 009-R.
The governmental body with which you are deemed to have been associated
upon termination of your employment with Commonwealth Department B is
Commonwealth Department, B in its entirety, including but not limited to Unit C.
Therefore, for the first year following termination of your employment with
Commonwealth Department B, Section 1103(8) of the Ethics Act would apply and
restrict "representation of.a person before Commonwealth Department B.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, your specific
questions shall now be addressed.
In response to your first question, you are advised that Section 1103(8) of the
Ethics Act would prohibit you from performing work for the Firm on Commonwealth
Department B contracts- -even if such work would not involve Unit C-- unless you would
be able to do so without engaging in prohibited representation befor- - mmonwealth
Department B as set forth above.
In response to your second and third questions, you are advised as follows.
For purposes of applying the Commission's holding in AbramsMlebster, supra,
the "unit" where you worked would be Unit C. During the one -year period of applicability
of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, as a general rule, your name could not be listed on
invoices submitted to Commonwealth Department B by the Firm. However, if you would
perform work for the Firm on Commonwealth Department B contracts that existed
before you terminated your employment with Commonwealth Department B, and if such
contracts would not involve the "unit" of Commonwealth Department B ww ere you
worked, specifically Unit C, your name could appear on routine invoices submitted to
Commonwealth Department B as to those particular pre- existing contracts if required by
the regulations of Commonwealth Department B See, AbramslWebster, supra.
However, the foregoing is limited to the submission of billing hours, Section 1103(8) of
the Ethics Act would still prohibit you from engaging in conduct falling within the ambit of
prohibited representation before Commonwealth Department B as delineated above.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(8) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office or employment, or confidential information received by being in
the public position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103�a of
the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the thics
Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official/public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
officiallpublic employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Confidential Advice, 17 -545
August 1, 2017
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the F.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as an A for Commonwealth Department B,
you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C. . § 1101 et se , and the Re .2ulations of
the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.'1 et se�c�pon termination of your
employment with Commonwealth Department B, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former 9.overnmental body
is Commonwealth Department B in its entirety, including but not limited to Unit C. For
the first year following termination of your employment with Commonwealth Department
B, Section 1103) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a
"person" before ommonwealth Department B. The restrictions as to representation
outlined above must be followed, Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actuall
received at. the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
obin . Hittie J
Chief Counsel