HomeMy WebLinkAbout81-518 EvansEdgar C. Evans
Box 343
Alum Bank, PA 15521
RE: Authorities, Contracts
Dear Mr. Evans:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
February 27, 1980
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
81 -518
This responds to your communication of December 17, 1980.
Issue: In that communication and the article you provided you
request, we assume, an opinion as to whether a conflict of
interest exists for you as a member of the West Saint Clair
- Pleasantville Water Authority ( hereinafter, the Authority)
which might sell or lease land to businesses with which you are
associated -- Arlandria Inc. and Grain Fuels.
Facts: You serve as a member of the Authority. The Authority
created the Chestnut Ridge Economic Development Association
(CREDA) and you serve as a member of CREDA. CREDA operates as
a part of the Authority according to your letter. CREDA was
formed to encourage economic development and CREDA operates an
Industrial Park.
As of 1978 you were the sole owner of a business known as
Arlandria Inc. (hereinafter Arlandria) and we assume that you
are President of and a partner in Arlandria at the present
time. You are on the Board of Directors of Grain Fuels Inc., a
company established approximately nineteen (19) months ago to
operate a synthetic fuels plant. You were also awarded
"founders shares" in Grain Fuels which appear to amount to 5%
or more of the equity of Grain Fuels.
In 1978, according to the article you provided which we
assume for purposes of this advice to be factually correct,
Arlandria leased or purchased 3.2 acres of land in the
Industrial Park owned by the Authority. Arlandria utilized
this land to build thirty -two (32) units of low- income housing.
CREDA executed an Article of Agreement relating to a
building, to which it holds title to one Edward Zablotney to
operate a pharmacy. This agreement was a fifteen (15) year
Edgar C. Evans
February 27, 1981
Page 2
rent - purchase agreement beginning in 1974 and terminating in
1989. Grain Fuels leases a portion of this building from
Mr. Zablotney.
Discussion: The Ethics Act may be applied at this time to
municipal authorities. Forney, et al. v. State Ethics
Commission, Pa. Cmwlth. A.2d.
(No. 1003 C.D. 1980, opinion filed February 10, 1981). For
purposes of this discussion, the Commission precedent set forth
in Nanovic, 80 -041, is also applicable. There the Commission
interpreted the standards and provisions of Section 3(h)(i) of
the Ethics Act which apply to appointed officials, such as
yourself as a member of the Authority as paralleling those to
be applied under Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides that:
"No public official or employee or
a member of his immediate family or
business in which the person or a
member of the person's immediate
family is a director, officer,
owner or holder of stock exceeding
5% of the equity at fair market
value of the business shall enter
into any contract valued at $500
or more with a governmental body
unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and
public process, including
prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure
of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. Any
contract made in violation
of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if
the suit is commenced within
90 days of making of the
contract." 65 P.S. 403(c)
•
Further, the Commission has concluded that the restric-
tions of Section 3(c) should be applied to the "governmental
body" with which you are associated. Williams, 79 -012; Womer,
79 -026, and Howard, 79 -044.
In your case you must be deemed to be "associated with"
the Authority and CREDA, the entity organized by the Authority.
See 51 Pa. Code 1.1, definition of "political subdivision."
You are an owner of Arlandria and a director in Grain Fuels.
Thus, any contract of the Authority and /or CREDA with Arlandria
and /or Grain Fuels in excess of $500 should comport with the
open and public requirements of Section 3(c). In relation to
Edgar C. Evans
February 27, 1981
Page 3
such contracts, in general, the State Ethics Commission has
ruled in analogous cases that you should abstain from voting on
contracts of this nature. Kilmer, 79 -037.
In addition, if for example, the lease between CREDA and
Mr. Zablotney was executed with the concurrent agreement or
understanding that you would sub -lease a portion of the building
owned by CREDA from Mr. Zablotney, you should have recused
yourself from voting on or participating in the execution of
the CREDA - Zablotney lease. See Sowers, 80 -050.
In any event, you may not use confidential information
gained as a member of the Authority or CREDA to the benefit of
yourself, your immediate family or a business with which you
are associated -- Arlandria and /or Grain Fuels. This is
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 403(a).
Finally, we must observe that the arrangements and facts
presented here do not indicate the degree of your participation
in the sales, leases, etc., between the Authority - CREDA
- Arlandria and CREDA - Zablotney - Grain Fuels. Consequently,
at most, at this time we conclude that you may not vote and /or
participate in such arrangements, sales, leases in the furture
under the Ethics Act. The facts as presented, however, raise
serious questions which we would like to have you address, if
you wish us to provide a more complete response to your inquiry.
Specifically:
(1) Was there any understanding and /or agreement on your
part or otherwise at the time of the CREDA -
Zablotney lease that Grain Fuels was to sub -lease
from Zablotney?
(2) Were all leases /sales between the Authority and /or
CREDA and Arlandria and /or Grain Fuels conducted so
as to not result in extraordinary gain for you or any
other official?
(3) Were any or all leases, sub - leases and sales between
the Authority and /or CREDA and Arlandria and /or Grain
Fuels conducted in an open and public manner (assuming
their value to be $500 or more)?
Answers to these questions will assist the State Ethics
Commission in answering your questions and in reviewing this
matter as a possible violation of the Ethics Act. However,
until such time as these are provided and /or obtained, your
conduct should conform to the standards discussed above and
listed below.
Conclusion: You may not use confidential information obtained
in public office as a member of the Authority or CREDA to
secure gain for yourself, a member of your immediate family or
a business with which you are associated. This includes
Arlandria Inc. and Grain Fuels Inc.
Edgar C. Evans
February 27, 1981
Page 4
You should abstain from voting on or participating in
matters relating to contracts the Authority and /or CREDA may
make with Arlandria and /or Grain Fuels. If either Arlandria or
Grain Fuels can reasonably expect to have or has a sub - contract
or sub -lease or the contemporaneous arrangement or understanding
with the prime contractor or lessee of the Authority and /or
CREDA to sub - contract or sub -lease you should refrain from
participating, including voting, on the execution or award of
the prime contract and /or lease.
The circumstances you outline give no indication of the
facts surrounding the actual sales and /or leases in question
here. Please respond to this further inquiry as soon as
possible so that a more thorough review of the specific
sales /leases may be conducted. Your answers will be reviewed
as possible violations of the Ethics Act. Until that time,
your future conduct should conform to these conclusions.
Please provide the further data requested within the next
thirty (30) days.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commis-
sion, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or
criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available
as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before
the Commission may be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. You should make such a request or
indicate your disapproval of this Advice within the next 30
days.
SSC /rdp
Si cerely,
dra S. risstianson
General Counsel