HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-520 IsraelStephen Israel, Esquire
1109 Grant Rui l di ng
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
March 3, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
86 -520
Re: Simultaneous Service, Elected Constahle, Member Zoning Hearing Roard
Dear Mr. Israel:
This responds to your letter of January 30, 1986, wherein you requested
the advice of the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether an elected constable may simultaneously serve as a member of a
zoning hearing hoard within the purview of the State Ethics Act.
Facts: You advised that you are the solicitor for Lincoln Borough and have,
in that capacity requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission. You
indicate that a member of the Lincoln Borough Zoning Hearing Board was
recently elected to the position of constahle in Lincoln Rorough. He is also
a member of the Lincoln Rorough Planning Commission. You have requested the
advice of the State Ethics Commission as to whether there are any prohihitions
within the purview of the State Ethics Act regarding such simultaneous
service. You indicate that you have requested the advice of the Supreme Court
of Pennsylvania in relation to any prohihitions that may he placed upon a
constahle simultaneously serving in another puhlic office. You indicate that
such service by a constable is not prohihited under any rules or regulations
that have heen promulgated by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. You have now
requested the advice of the State Ethics Commission as to whether there would
he any prohihition on a public official serving in another public office as
indicated above.
Discussion: For the purpose of this advice we will assume that the memher of
the zoning hearing hoard is a puhlic official as that term is defined in in
Dice, 85 -025, wherein we held that the issue of whether an official is
appointed and non - compensated official is no longer criteria for determining
Stephen Israel , Esqui re
March 3, 1986
Page 2
whether such an individual is within the purview of the Act.. The Commission
issued this ruling in relation to non - compensated appointed memhers of
municipal authorities. The Commission, however, will shortly be issuing
regulations regarding appointed non- compensated members of other commissions
and hoards in order to determine if they are within the purview of the Act.
Thus, we will proceed as though this individual is within the definition of
puhlic official as set forth in the State Ethics Act. 65 P.S. &402.
Generally, the State Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or puhlic employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding puhlic office to ohtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
The Ethics Act places no per se prohibition upon an individual serving
simultaneously in two positions of puhlic employment. Within the above
provision of law, however, no puhlic official may use their puhlic office in
order to ohtain a financial gain for themselves, a member of their immediate
family, or a business with which they are associated. In addition to the
foregoing, the State Ethics Act also provides that the Commission may address
other areas of conflict of interest. 65 P.S. &403(d). The parameters of the
type of activity encompassed by this provision of law, generally are
determined through a review of the scope and intent of the State Ethics Act.
The intent of the Act was to insure the public that the financial interests of
their puhlic officials do not conflict with the public trust. As a result,
this Commission has previously determined that this provision of law would
prohibit a public official from acccepting or securing in his puhlic position,
compensation to which he knew he was not entitled. See fomalakes, 85 -010.
Thus, from an analysis of the above cases that have been previously ruled upon
by the Commission, it must he determined whether the individual who is
simultaneously serving as a member of the zoning hearing board and as an
elected constable in the same municipality has used his position in order to
ohtain any financial gain or has otherwise accepted compensation to which such
individual was not entitled.
Generally, in the instant situation, it does not appear as though the
individual involved has appointed himself to the zoning hearing board, or has
otherwise fixed any compensation that he is to receive while on that hoard.
As a result, it does not appear as though this individual would have used his
position to obtain any financial gain other than the compensation provided by
law.
Stephen Israel, Esquire
March 3, 1986
Page 3
The Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Law, however, provides that
memhers of the zoning hearing hoard shall hold no other office in the
municipality except that no more than one member of the hoard may also he a
member of the planning commission. From the ahove provision of law, it is
apparent that one who serves as a zoning hearing hoard member may not hold
any other office in the municipality other than as a member of the planning
commission. His membership on the planning commission, however, is also
qualified by the criteria that no other member of the zoning hearing board may
be a member of the planning commission. While this Commission cannot enforce
or otherwise offer advice as to the scope and intent of this particular
restriction, the Commission is empowered and has, in the past, ruled upon such
issues when they impact upon the State Ethics Act. In a similar situation,
this Commission has previously held that where an individual serves in
simultaneous positions and such a prohibition exists, the individual may not
receive any compensation for serving in the position. This would he so in the
instant situation especially in light of the fact that one who serves as a
zoning hearing hoard member may not hold any other office in the municipality.
If he is compensated as a zoning hearing board member, he would receive his
compensation in violation of the above provision of law. 53 P.S. , $10903; see
also Rlumling, No. 38R. The Commission determined in that matter that
acceptance of compensation to which an individual was not entitled would be a
violation of the State Ethics Act. Thus, if this zoning hearing hoard member
is to receive compensation for service in that position, his simultaneous
service as such a member and elected officer, would appear to result in his
obtaining financial gain to which he is not entitled and, thus, in violation
of the State Ethics Act.
If the individual in question is to receive no financial gain for serving
as a member of the zoning hearing board, then it is douhtful whether the
Ethics Act would place any outright prohibition on his simultaneous service in
the aforementioned positions. However, we must note that our interpretation
is only under the State Ethics Act. We have noted the existence of the
prohibition set forth in the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Law and
further advised that this particular advice should not he read as an
interpretation of that particular provision nor he considered to be clearance
to act contrary to that particular provision of law. Further advice should he
ohtained from the borough solicitor in regard to this matter.
Conclusion: The State Ethics Commission places no per se prohibition upon the
simultaneous service of a member of a borough zoning hearing board as an
elected constable in the borough. If the member of the borough zoning hearing
board does not participate in the decision to appoint himself to that position
or otherwise participate in any matter regarding the award of compensation to
Stephen Israel , Esqui re
March 3, 1'25
Page 4
himself, then there is no prohibition under section 403(a) of he State Ethics
Act. In light of certain provisions in the Pennsylvania Municipalities
Planning Law, this individual may he precluded from receiving compensation in
his position on the zoning hearing hoard. However, if the position is not one
for which compensation is awarded, then there would appear to be no
prohibition upon this simultaneous service within the purview of the State
Ethics Act, This advice is not to he read as clearance to act or as an
interpretation under any other provision of law.
Pursuant to Section 7(q)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated' by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will he made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will he scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will he issued. Any such appeal must he made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sincer .
474 .. 776 G
hn J. Co 'no
General ounsel