HomeMy WebLinkAbout86-510 WalkoDonald R. Walko, Jr., Esquire
Attorney at Law
1040 Fifth Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Dear Mr. Walko:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
Fehruary 4, 1986
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
86 - 510
Re: Former Employee Urhan Redevelopment Authority, Representation
Restrictions
This responds to your letter of January 14, 1986, wherein you requested
the advice of the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Ethics Act places any restrictions upon the potential
employment activities of a former Urban Redevelopment Authority employee.
Facts: You advised that William J. Schwab has been an employee of the Urban
Redevelopment Authority of Pittsburgh for the past six years. Specifically,
he was employed in the Authority's Department of Housing as the Special
Assistant to the Director of Housing. You indicate that Mr. Schwah's job
responsihilities were of a general administrative nature. On December 13,
1985, Mr. Schwah resigned his position with the Urban Redevelopment Authority
in order to hegin a consulting company. You indicate that this company will
he involved in providing residential development consultant services to
developers and community development corporation. Mr. Schwah intends to
provide these services to interested parties for an hourly rate. The services
will include loan packaging, development pro formas, project management, and
marketing and leasing. The fee is based on actual hours of work performed and
is not contingent on eventual project financing. You indicate that the fee
will not include a portion of the project equity. You have requested the
opinion of the State Commission in order to determine if there are any
restrictions upon Mr. Schwab's potential activities. You indicate that
clients of Mr. Schwab may be presenting proposals to the Urban Redevelopment
Authority's Department of Housing seeking financial assistance. You indicate
that neither Mr. Schwah nor his company will he personnaly representing the
Donald R. Walko, Jr., Esquire
February 4, 1986
Page 2
developer before the Urban Redevelopment Authority and they will not present
the proposed deal to Urban Redevelopment Authority board members or staff
members. You indicate that Schwab & Company will merely analyze and structure
the proposed transaction.
Discussion: At the outset, it must be noted that the State Ethics Commission
may only address request within the purview of the State Ethics Act. The
Commission will not offer advice with respect to the duties and the
obligations that may he imposed by any other code of conduct or similar
provision of law such as the Urban Redevelopment Law, or any federal codes or
regulations that may be applicable.
For the purpose of this advice, we will assume, that as an administrative
employee in the Urban Redevelopment Authority's Department of Housing this
individual was a public employee within the definition of that term as set
forth in the State Ethics Act and the regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. 65 P.S. , S402; 51 Pa. Code $1.1. As such, we will review the
contemplated activities of this individual within various provisions of the
State Ethics Act.
Initially, the State Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
Within the above provision of law, the State Ethics Act would apply and
restrict your representation of persons who are new employers, including your
own company, before your former governmental body, the Urban Redevelopment
Authority of Pittsburgh, hereinafter the Authority including the Authority's
Department of Housing.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the Authority. Likewise, there is no
general limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage,
following your departure from the Authority. We do note, however, that the
conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public empl oyer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwi kl , 85 -004.
Donald R. Wal ko, Jr., Esquire
February 4, 1986
Page 3
In respect to the one year representation restriction, the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the Authority), including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the Authority;
2. Attempts to influence the Authority;
3. Participating in any matters before the Authority over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsihility while employed by the
Authority;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Authority in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission, has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal , document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the Authority, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental
body. See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
leave the Authority, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined
above.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
Authority so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the Authority.
Once again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to
the Authority. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the Authority to
secure information which is availahle to the general public. See Cutt,
79 -02.3. This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the Authority your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
flonal d R. Wal ko, Jr., Esquire
February 4, 1986
Page 4
In addition to the foregoing, the Act further provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(b) No person shall offer or give to a puhlic official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Reference is made to this provision of law not to imply that there has or will
be any violation of the State Ethics Act, but merely to provide a `complete
response to your request. Thus, within the above provision of law, the future
employment of the individual involved in the instant matter should not he
based upon any action that this individual may have taken in his official
capacity in relation to clients who now employ his services.
The State Ethics Act further authorizes the State Ethics Commission to
address other areas of conflict of interest. 65 P.S. , 5403(d). The parameters
of the activities encompassed by this provision of law are generally
determined by reviewing the intent and spirit of the State Ethics Act as it is
set forth in Section 1 of the Act. 65 P.S. '5401. The Ethics Act was
primarily intended to assure that the financial interests of puhlic officials
and employees do not conflict with the public trust. Such a situation of
conflict could arise, for example, if the individual in question in this
situation were to accept employment from a client who has had previous
applications before the Authority in which this individual was involved as a
public employee. In such a situation, while the individual's actions as a
public employee are not based upon any previous understanding that he would be
subsequently obtaining empl oyment from this applicant, such future empl oyment
could he perceived as being in violation of the State Ethics Act. Therefore,
it may be the better practice for this individual to forego employment with
any client who has had an application before the Redevelopment Authority in
the past and in which this individual was involved as a public employee.
Conclusion: As a former public employee, the administrative officer of the
Urban Redevelopment Authority of Pittsburgh, Department of Housing, may not
within one year after he terminates his empl oyment with that governmental
body, represent any person before that body. Additionally, this individual
should be mindful of Sections 3(b) and 3(d) of the State Ethics Act in the
event that any conflicts of interests arise in the future.
Donald R. Wai ko , Jr., Esquire
February 4, 1986
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission w i l l be issued. Any such appeal must he made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Si nce
hn J. C• i
General ounsel