HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-635 FentonDear Councilwoman Fenton:
Ms. Ann Fenton
c/o David Hotchkiss, Esq.
Culbertson, Weiss, Schetroma, and Schug
911 Diamond Park
Meadville, PA 16335
December 14, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
84 -635
Re: Grant Program, Participation by Public Official /Employee
This responds to your letter of your Solicitor of October 31, 1984, in
which you requested Advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask, whether you, in your position as member of the Borough
Counsil in the Borough of Springsboro, hereinafter the Borough, you may
participate in a grant program hereinafter, the Program administered by the
Crawford County Redevelopment Authority, hereinafter the County Redevelopment
Authority.
Facts: Your solicitor on your behalf and on behalf of several members of
Borough Council have asked that we review the above question. In this
response we will use your status and factual presentation as being a "generic"
one which can be applied, subsequently, by your solicitor to other similarily
situated members of Borough Council.
You indicate that the Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs,
hereinafter DCA, under its small communities program has awarded a substantial
grant to the Borough for housing rehabilitation purposes. The Borough
received substantial assistance from the County Redevelopment Authority in
preparing and submitting its grant application. Early in this process the
Borough entered into a contract with the County Redevelopment Authority
whereby that Authority, if the grant were made, would administer the Program.
The Borough received approval of its application and has indicated that the
administration of this Program will be performed by the regular paid staff
of the City of Meadville Redevelopment Authority, hereinafter the City
Redevelopment Authority which has contracted with the County Redevelopment
Authority to perform this function.
Ms. Ann Fenton
December 14, 1984
Page 2
At this point it should be noted that the standards for program
administration are set by the regulations of DCA and funds are to be provided
to eligible residents - homeowners to perform certain basic housing
rehabilitation activities. Essentially, no repayment of the grants need occur
while the recipient occupies the dwelling; however, the grant -funds awarded
are to be recouped upon the sale or other disposal of the dwelling where the
rehabilitation was performed.
In addition to the fact that DCA sets the standards for the Program
administration, the Borough Council has no power to set or alter criteria for
Program participation which are also established by the regulations of DCA.
In this whole process of evaluating applications for these funds and Program
participation, the personnel of the County Redevelopment Authority are bound
to adhere to regulations and policies as set forth in the grant and the
requirements of DCA. Thus, Borough Council and the Council members, such as
yourself, have no practical power or authority to influence or effect the
administration of these grant funds.
Several members of Borough Council have expressed and interest in
participating in this Program and receiving housing rehabilitation funds.
In this response we will also assume that the Borough Council members, such as
yourself, who seek to participate in this Program can and will be required to
meet the eligibility standards that are applicable to other Program applicants
and recipients. Essentially, as your Counsel indicates, we will assume that
you are not seeking any special or discriminatory treatment but "only seek
permission to apply as an ordinary program recipient" for these housing
rehabilitation grants.
Finally, the DCA has indicated preliminarily that it would abide by an
advisory opinion from the State Ethics Commission in determining whether a
Council member, such as yourself, can properly participate in this housing
rehabilitation Program.
Discussion: Initially, we should note that under the Ethics Act our
jurisdiction is limited to rulings under the Ethics Act. Thus, we cannot and
do not, in this Advice, address the propriety of or answer any questions
related to the propriety of your conduct in light of any code, statute
(federal or state), regulations, etc. other than the Ethics Act. However,
under the Ethics Act we may provide a ruling because your conduct is subject
to the requirements of that Act because you are or we assume, for purposes of
this response that you are a "public official" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Act. See 65 P.S. 402.
Ms. Ann Fenton
December 14, 1984
Page 3
Under the Ethics Act, we must observe the stated purpose of that Act
which is to strengthen the faith and confidence of people and their government
by assuring the public that the financial interests of the holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict nor the appearance of
a conflict with the public trust. See Section 1 of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S.
401. There are specific provisions of the Ethics Act which must be reviewed in
this situation. Those provisions will be discussed more fully below. The
Sections of the Ethics Act which will be discussed are Sections 3(a), (b) and
(c) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 403 (a), (b) and (c), respectively.
We will address the provisions in Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act first.
From the facts outlined above, it is not clear whether there will be any
"contract" between you as a public official and the Borough. However, if this
were to occur, the provisions of Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act would apply
and require that any contract in excess of $500 between a public employee or
official and a governmental body must be made only after an "open and public
process." The State Ethics Commission has interpreted this provision to apply
and to require an "open and public process" when the particular public
employee or official seeks to contract with the "governmental body" with which
he is "associated.." See Bryan, 80 -014 and Lynch, 79 -047. The governmental
body with which you are "associated" is the Borough. Of course, should there
be any contract between you and the County or City Redevelopment Authorities
with respect to this grant, Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act would be
inapplicable, because you are not "associated" with those Authorities.
However, we will address the applicability of Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act
to this situation on the assumption that there may, in fact, be a contract of
some sort between the Borough and yourself.
Thus, assuming, for purposes of this advice, that a contract would be
made between the Borough and yourself pursuant to the provisions of this
Program, Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. If Section 3(c)
of the Ethics Act is applicable, it would require, if a contract in excess of
$500 were to be made between yourself and the governmental body with which you
are associated the following:
1. prior public notice of the contract possibility;
2. public disclosure of applications and contracts considered; and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contracts.
Assuming that all of the guidelines as to an open and public process
mentioned above have been or will be met, if Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act is
applicable to your situation, we must next consider the other aspects of the
propriety of your proposed conduct under other provisions of the Ethics Act.
Ms. Ann Fenton
December 14, 1984
Page 4
In this review, we note that we appreciate and recognize the concern that
arises where a public program, funded with public monies and administered
through a public agency, political subdivision, or governmental body is also
available to public officials and /or employees of that agency or governmental
body. We recogize the public concern and criticism that may arise if a public
official or public employee who serves a governmental body receives benefits
under a program of this nature. Thus, we must review this conduct in light of
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act and Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Likewise, we will undertake review of this question in light of Section
3(b) of the Ethics Act which provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Under these Sections of the Ethics Act and the Opinions of the Ethics
Commission, it is clear that the Ethics Act was primarily designed to restrict
the activity of a public employee or official where a conflict of interests
exists and to address situations where the appearance of a conflict with the
public trust may arise. However, the Opinions of the Ethics Commission
indicate that the Ethics Act was not designed nor should it be interpreted to
preclude public officials or public employees from participating in programs
which might otherwise be available to them as citizens. See Toohey, 83 -003;
Balaban, 83 -004 and Coploff /Hendricks, 83 -005. In these cases the Ethics
Ms. Ann Fenton
December 14, 1984
Page 5
Commission indicated that a public official or public employee or a business
with which he is associated could participate in rehabilitation or grant
programs so long as that public official or public employee:
1. played no role in establishing the criteria under which the program
at issue was to operate, particularly with reference to the structure
or administration of the program;
2. played no role in establishing or implementing the criteria by which
selections for program participation are to be or were made;
3. played no role in the process of selecting and reviewing applicants
or in awarding grants or funds;
4. used no confidential information acquired during the holding of
public office or public employment to apply for or to obtain such
funds, grants, etc.
Furthermore, the Commission's Opinions indicate that if the body with
which the public employee or official is associated is in any way involved in
the administering of the grant program or selecting who, among the applicants
should receive assistance or funds, the public employee or official within the
governmental body who is making an application to participate in such a
program or to obtain such funds, must abstain from all discussions, votes or
recommendations on the applications or programs in which he or she is
interested. Additionally, such a public official or public employee should
also abstain from participating in matters before that governmental body which
he or she serves as to the applications of other individuals who may be
similarly situated and who are applying for funds or seeking to participate in
the program.
Essentially, the Commission sought to eliminate the possibility that a
public official or public employee who was seeking such funds or seeking to
participate in these grant programs would be in a position to insure the grant
funds or the program benefits would be available to be applied for or applied
to for his own benefit. Thus, a public official or public employee in such a
situation should refrain from participating in making decisions or
recommendations about the program and regarding distribution of the limited
funds which might be available as a result of such a program. The reason for
such abstentions must be placed on the public record.
Based upon the facts as outlined above and as we understand them, we must
now apply these principles to this case and particular circumstances.
Essentially, we conclude that you may participate in the Program, as outlined
above, without resigning from your position or relinquishing your role as a
public official. This is especially true where, as outlined above you appear
to have met the criteria listed above at Numbers 1 -4. Under such
Ms. Ann Fenton
December 14, 1984
Page 6
circumstances, so long as the required abstentions discussed above are
observed you may apply for and participate in the benefits associated with
this Program.
Finally, we must make reference to Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act in
order to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under Section 3(b) of
the Ethics Act cited above, which you must observe, you must neither offer nor
accept anything of value on the understanding or with the intention that your
official judgment would be influenced thereby. We assume such a situation does
not exist here. We add reference to this Section not to indicate that any
such activity has been or will be undertaken but in a effort to provide a
complete response to your inquiry.
Conclusion: The Ethics Act and the rulings of the Ethics Commission reveal no
reason to preclude you from participating in this Program as outlined above.
So long as your conduct conforms to the guidelines discussed above, you may
participate in this Program. If these guidelines are met you should encounter
neither a conflict nor an appearance of conflict with the public trust under
the Ethics Act in this situation.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
SSC /sfd
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Sincerely,
Sandra S. Chr tianson
General Coun el