HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-618 MorrisMr. Arthur E. Morris, Mayor
City of Lancaster
120 North Duke Street
P.O. Box 1559
Lancaster, PA 17603
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 4, 1984
RE: Official's Support, Business, Wife as Employee
84 -618
Dear Mayor Morris:
This responds to your letter of September 19, 1984, in which you
requested Advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask, whether under the State Ethics Act, as Mayor of the City of
Lancaster, you are prohibited from submitting a letter in support of a grant
application of a business by which your wife is employed.
Facts: You serve as the elected Mayor of the City of Lancaster. As Mayor,
you have been approached by a Lancaster -based small business known as Target
Color Technology, hereinafter, TCT, to lend your support as Mayor to a
proposal that TCT has submitted to the National Science Foundation in
Washington, D.C., for a Small Business Innovative Research Grant. This
research grant, in the amount of approximately $39,000, would be utilized to
fund further research in the new technology pioneered by TCT that controls
light to produce color with colorimetric accuracy. Because TCT is a
Lancaster -based business with the potential for growth you would, ordinarily,
as Mayor, have no difficulty in lending your official support as Mayor to
their grant request because obtaining this grant might enable TCT to further
develop their technology, thereby benefitting the City of Lancaster through
the development of new business and creation of new jobs. You would,
ordinarily, as Mayor, be asked to and be willing to submit a letter to the
National Science Foundation asking for favorable consideration for the TCT
grant application.
Mr. Arthur E. Morris, Mayor
October 4, 1984
Page 2
However, you indicate that there is a "complicating factor" which has
necessitated your request for advice from this Commission. Specifically, your
wife, Linda is employed by TCT as a part -time bookkeeper. In this capacity,
she works for TCT an average of 5 to 10 hours per week. Your concern is
whether your lending your official support as Mayor to the TCT grant
application would give rise as to any conflict or appearance of a conflict
under the Ethics Act insofar as your action as Mayor might be construed as
"using your public office" to obtain a "financial gain" for your wife. You
note that continuation of your wife's part -time employment with TCT is not
contingent upon whether or not you would give your official support to their
grant request. We will also assume, for purposes of this advice, that your
wife's status as an employee will not be altered or significantly approved in
the sense of pay range or hours of employment if TCT were to obtain the grant
they seek.
Finally, you indicate that other than your wife's part -time employment
with TCT, neither she nor you have any financial interest, direct or indirect,
in TCT and neither you nor she have been offered nor will you receive any
thing of value in exchange for your lending of support, as Mayor, to TCT's
grant application. The National Science Foundation Program which will finally
grant or deny this application is not under your influence or control and in
addition, you have no influence or control over the award of the grant beyond
whatever weight the Foundation may accord to your letter of support which you
might write for TCT as Mayor of the City of Lancaster.
You have reviewed this question with the City Solicitor's Office and you
have been advised by the City Solicitor that in his opinion the continuation
of your wife's existing part -time employment, which is unrelated as to whether
or not you support the grant request, is not the type of "financial gain"
contemplated or prohibited by Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act and that,
therefore, you would not be prohibited from lending your support, as Mayor, to
this grant request. However, as an elected official, with the highest regard
for the public trust and confidence reposed in yourself, as Mayor, you do not
wish to allow even the possibility of an appearance of a violation or conflict
and cannot, in your opinion, proceed to lend your official support to the TCT
- National Science Foundation Grant request without first seeking an official
determination, from the State Ethics Commission, of whether your actions may
be undertaken without violating the Ethics Act.
Discussion: As Mayor of the City of Lancaster, you are, of course, an elected
official who is clearly within the category of the definition of "public
official" as set forth in the Ethics Act. See Section 2 of the Ethics Act, 65
P.S. 402. As such, your conduct must conform to the requirements of the State
Ethics Act. With respect to the questions that you raised, we are required to
review, in particular, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act and Section 1 of the
Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 403(a) and 401, respectively. In addition to these
provisions of the Ethics Act, we must also review the definitions of the terms
"immediate family" and "a business with which he is associated" as set forth
in Section 2 of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 402.
Mr. Arthur E. Morris, Mayor
October 4, 1984
Page 3
After reviewing these definitions, it is clear that your wife is a member
of your "immediate family" and that TCT is a "business" with which your wife
is "associated" by virtue of her employment relationship with TCT. However,
our inquiry cannot end here. We must proceed to answer the question of
whether your proposed support of the TCT grant application will, in any
respect, constitute the use of your public office to secure financial gain for
your wife or for this business (TCT) with which your wife is associated as an
employee. We must also question whether, if such support is undertaken, an
appearance of a conflict or an actual conflict of interest with the public
trust will arise.
The Commission reviewed a similar question in the Steinman, 84 -006, case.
In that case a County Commissioner asked us whether he could participate in
the County's consideration and approval of an ordinance that would support the
bond issue of a hospital where his wife was employed as a pharmacy clerk. In
Steinman, the Commission found that the level of employment of the County
Commissioner's wife as a pharmacy clerk was significant in that she would not
be benefitted in any significant, individual or unique, manner by the County's
approval of the bond issue. The Commission recognized that the County
Commissioner's wife would be generally benefitted by the continued,
commercially successful operation of the hospital and there would a remote,
indirect, interest shared by the County Commissioner, through his wife,
insofar as the hospital would continue in operation, in general. However,
because the County Commissioner's wife would be affected nor more or less than
any other hospital employee, under these circumstances and because she held
the post of a pharmacy clerk which was not deemed to be a high -level position
with the hospital and could not be expected to garner any significant,
individual or personal benefit other than that shared by all employees of the
hospital the Commission concluded that the County Commissioner was not
required to recuse himself, with respect to the county's consideration and
passage of the ordinance which would guarantee the hospital's bond issue.
Given this precedent, and under the circumstances that you present, we
similarly note the position that your wife holds with TCT and that she would
not be benefitted in any significant, individual or unique manner, other than
the benefit which would be derived by TCT and its employees, in general,
should this grant application be approved. Under these circumstances, we find
that your submission of a letter of support for this grant application would
not be violative of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. Likewise, given the fact
that there is no anticipated change in status as to the terms and conditions
of your wife's employment with TCT or any promise of future employment or
continuation of employment based upon your submission of a recommendation for
approval of the TCT grant application, we can conclude that neither Section
3(a) or Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act would be implicated should you
undertake this action as Mayor. We caution, however, that should there be any
significant change in the status of your wife's employment with TCT as a
Mr. Arthur E. Morris, Mayor
October 4, 1984
Page 4
result of any approval of this grant application, we would request that you
resubmit this information to us for further review. For example, should your
wife be asked to do additional work or receive pay increments, which might be
reasonably viewed as related to business secured or associated with this
grant, you should ask us to further review this situation, should such
circumstances arise. However, at present, under the facts as set forth above,
there does not appear to be any reason why you, as Mayor, should not submit a
recommendation for the approval of this TCT grant application.
Conclusion: Under the circumstances and facts outlined above, you would not
be in violation of the State Ethics Act should you, as Mayor, submit a
recommendation or letter of support to the National Science Foundation asking
for favorable consideration of the TCT grant application.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the. Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /rdp
cc: Louis J. Farina, Assistant City Solicitor
Sincerely,
Sandra S. Christianson s
General Counsel