HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-608 KozyMr. Howard Kozy
99 Linshaw Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15205
Dear Mr. Kozy:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
September 13, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Re: Civil Engineer III, Public Employee, PennDot
84 -608
This responds to your letter of appeal of June 26, 1984, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether in your capacity as a Civil Engineer III, with the
Department of Transportation, Design Division, Traffic Engineering
headquarters, hereinafter, PennDot, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as that term is defined in the Ethics kt, and therefore, whether
you are required to file a Statement of Financial Interests pursuant to the
Ethics kt.
Facts: You indicate that you do not believe that your activities and
functions fall within the purview of the definition of "public employee" as
that phrase is defined in the State Ethics kt and the regulations of this
Commission. In order to review the question presented, we will briefly
outline the duties and responsibilities associated with your position, and as
contained in your job description and the classification specifications for
this position. Your duties and responsibilities, as set forth in these two
documents which are incorporated herein by reference, include the following
responsibilities and functions:
1. Organizing and assisting in the conduct of district studies and
investigations for traffic signals, school signals, flashing beacons and
flashing warning signs.
2. Analyzing daily recording data to determine whether traffic signals are
warranted on the basis of current rules and regulations.
3. Reviewing design of traffic signals and flashing warning devices for
Department construction projects and municipal installations.
Mr. Howard Kozy
September 13, 1984
Page 2
4. Reviewing all department and "local" Federal projects with respect to
safety.
Discussion: As set forth above, the question to be answered here is clear.
Specifically, are you, in your capacity as a Civil Engineer III serving with
PennDot to be considered a "public employee" as those terms are defined in the
State Ethics Act and the regulations of the Commission as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible
for taking or recommending official action of a
nonministerial nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing
any person; or
(5) any other activity where the official action
has an economic impact of greater than a de
minimus nature on the interests of any person.
"Public employee" shall not include individuals who are
employed by the State or any political subdivision thereof
in teaching as distinguished from administrative duties.
65 P.S. 402.
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Public employee - --
(i) The term includes any individual:
(A) who is employed by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision and who is responsible for
taking or recommending official action of a
nonministerial nature with regard to:
(I) contracting or procurement;
(II) administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(III) planning or zoning;
Mr. Howard Kozy
September 13, 1984
Page 3
(IV) inspecting, licensing, regulating, or
auditing any person; or
(V) any other activity where the official
action has greater than a de minimis economic
impact; and
(B) who meets the criteria of either subclause
(I) or (II):
(I) The individual is:
( -a -) a person who normally
performs his responsibility in the field
without on -site supervision;
( -b -) the immediate supervisor of a
person who normally performs his
responsibility in the field without
on -site supervision; or
( -c -) the supervisor of any highest
level field office.
(II) The individual is a person:
( -a -) who:
( -1 -) has the authority to
make final decisions;
( -2 -) has the authority to
forward or stop recommendations
from being sent to the person or
body with the authority to make
final decisions;
( -3 -) prepares or
supervises the preparation of
final recommendations; or
( -4 -) makes the final
technical recommendations; and
( -b -) whose recommendations or
actions:
Mr. Howard Kozy
September 13, 1984
Page 4
( -1 -) are an inherent and
recurring part of his position;
and
( -2 -) affect organizations
other than his own organization.
(ii) The term does not include individuals
who are employed by the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision of the Commonwealth in teaching as
distinguished from administrative duties.
(iii) Persons in the positions listed below are
generally considered public employees.
(A) Executive and special directors or
assistants reporting directly to the agency head or
governing body.
(8) Commonwealth bureau directors, division
chiefs, or heads of equivalent organization
elements and other governmental body department
heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in representing
the department, agency, or other governmental
bodies before the public.
(0) Solicitors, engineers, managers, and
secretary - treasurers acting as managers, police
chiefs, chief clerks, chief purchasing agents,
grant and contract managers, housing and building
inspectors, sewer enforcement officers, and zoning
officers in all governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for
fiscal affairs, and deputies for the minor
judiciary.
(F) School business managers and principals.
(iv) Persons in the positions listed below are
generally not considered public employes.
Mr. Howard Kozy
September 13, 1984
Page 5
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff, road
masters, secretaries, police officers, welfare case
workers, maintenance workers, construction workers,
detectives, equipment operators, and recreation
di rectors.
(8) Law clerks, court criers, court reporters,
probation officers, security guards, and writ
servers.
(C) School teachers and clerks of the schools.
51 Pa. Code 1.1.
We must review the question you present under these provisions of the
statute and the regulations of the Commission in light of your duties and
obligations as described in your request for advice and /or appeal, the
classification specifications, and the job description under which you
operate. Our inquiry necessarily focuses on the job itself and not on the
individual incumbent in the position, the variable functions of the position,
or the manner in which a particular individual occupying a position may carry
out those functions. See McClure, 83 -001; Phillips, 82 -008, affirmed on
appeal, Pa. Cmwlth. , 470 A.2d 659 (1984); and Mummau v. Ranck, 531
Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D. Pa. 1982).
Also, in reviewing your question, the Commonwealth Court in its ruling in
Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs us to construe coverage of the Ethics
Act broadly, rather than narrowly, and conversely, directs that exclusions
from the Ethics Act should be narrowly construed. Based upon this directive
and reviewing the definition of "public employee" in the statute and the
regulations and opinions of this Commission, in light of your job functions
and the information available to us, we are led to the conclusion that while
you serve in this capacity, you are a "public employee" subject to the
financial reporting and disclosure requirements of the State Ethics Act.
Further detail on our analysis follows.
It is clear that in your capacity as a Civil Engineer III, you have the
ability to recommend official action with respect to subparagraphs (4) and (5)
within the definition of "public employee" as set forth in the Ethics Act, 65
P.S. 402. Specifically, while you do not have the authority to make final
decisions, you do have the responsibility for recommending official action
with regard to the installation and design of signals and warning devices on
construction projects and municipal installations. This activity certainly
involves recommending official action which has a greater than deminimus
impact on the economic interests of any person. These activities fall within
the definition of public employee as contained in the regulations of the
Commission, 51 Pa. Code (i)(A) (IV) and (V). Under these circumstances and
given your duties and responsibilities as outlined above, we must conclude
that you are a "public employee" as that term is defined in the State Ethics
Act.
Mr. Howard Kozy
September 13, 1984
Page 6
Also, we note that we have previously ruled that as Civil Engineer III
serving the Design Division of PennDot is a public employee. Majeed, 80 -14A.
Similarly, we have ruled that a Civil Engineer III serving in the Design
Liaison Unit in Pittsburgh is a public employee. Childs, 83 -502. The same
decision was made with respect to a Civil Engineer III serving with the Bureau
of Maintenance and Operations in the Traffic Engineering and Operations
Division. See Vorce, 84 -591. There is no reason to arrive at a different
conclusion with respect to your position as a Civil Engineer III.
Conclusion: Based upon the above discussion, we conclude that you are to be
considered a "public employee" in your capacity as a Civil Engineer III with
PennDot. Accordingly, you must file a Statement of Financial Interests for
each year in which you hold the position outlined above and for the year
following your termination of this service.
If you have not already done so, a Statement of Finanical Interests must
be filed within 15 days of this Advice. This Statement of Financial Interests
would report information of the prior calendar year. Please file the original
of such a Statement with this Commission to insure compliance with this
Advice, provide the yellow copy to your Personnel Office and retain the green
copy for your records.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good
faith conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the
requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the
acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice.
A personal appearance before the full Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be
made, in writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
Enclosure: SFI
SSC /na
Sincerely,
ik /y
Sandra S. Chr stianson
General Counsel
cc: Thomas D. Larson, Secretary, PennDot
Bruce Doman, Inspector General, PennDot
Sharon S. Wright, Director, Personnel, PennDot