HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-596 KumarA. Kumar, P.E.
45 Stonegate Road
Indiana, PA 15701
Dear Mr. Kumar:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
August 9, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
RE: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Civil Engineer III
84 -596
This responds to your letter of July 18, 1984, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Commonwealth, should such occur.
Facts: You indicate that you are presently employed by the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation, hereinafter, PennDot, as a Civil Engineer III.
As such, you served within District 10 -0, located in Indiana, Pennsylvania and
were classified as a Planning and Programming Engineer within the Design
Division of PennDot, District 10 -0. You also indicated that while employed by
PennDot you were responsible for collecting and submitting relevant data for
the update of the 12 year program to the program center; providing technical
assistance to metropolitan planning organizations; coordinating the
development of transportation programs with regional and county planning
agencies; and provided technical assistance in helping these agencies meet
their transportation needs. We have reviewed the job description applicable
to your position and we incorporate that job description herein by reference.
We have also reviewed the classification specifications for the position which
you held while employed by PennDot.
A. Kumar P.E.
August 9, 1984
Page 2
You indicate that y;ur• futuee employment plans include engaging in the
following activities:
1. You are interested in peo' :idi:.y professional design services to
engineering consultants Some of these consultants may be currently, or ir
the future, enraged by Pe;oDot..
2. You are a.sc ioter'ested in providing design services in the area of
bridge and geotechnical engineerine as an ir.eepeodent cor,tr to
engineering consultants. This work involves all eepects of design wo
including field- surveys, mapping and plan development.
Discussion: As a Civil Engineer III for PennDot, you are to be considered a
"public employee" within the definition of that term as set forth in the
Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. See Section 2 of the
Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 402 and the regulations of the Commission set forth at 51
Pa. Code 1.1. This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when
reviewed ors an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another person.
Consequently, if you were to terminate this employment you would become a
"former public employee" subject to the Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request we crust idertfy. the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working w th PennDot. Then, we
must review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and teen
of "representaton". In this context, the Ethics 'om;Trissico has p :e•,'ioi:ly
ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to
have bee's associated during his tenure of public egmployment extends, not to
those en where he may have had contact or ac acquaintances and
colleagues, but only to those entities wh re he had ir„. ucnce, responsibility,
supervision, or control See Ewing, 79 - 010. See 41 so Ku :y vs. Com:onweal th
of Pennoylvania, State Ethics Commission., 435 A,2d 940 (1.981T7-
A. Kumar P.E.
August 9, 1984
Page 3
From your job description and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appear to have been
limited to District 10 -0 of PennDot. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you must be deemed to have been "associated" should you terminate your
employment with PennDot would the District 10 -0, hereinafter, the District.
Therefore, within the first year after you would leave PennDot, Section 3(e)
of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your activity of "representation"
of persons or new employers vis -a -vis the District.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies,
districts, or entities within PennDot or outside of PennDot other than with
respect to the District. Likewise, there is no general restriction against
your seeking employment or engaging in private consulting work or supplying
services to clients or employers, in general, following your retirement from
PennDot. You may not, however, "represent" any new employer or client before
the District as described more fully below for the first year after you would
leave PennDot.
The Ethics Commission has promulgated regulations to define
"representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental bodies with which you
have been deemed to have been associated, that is the District, including, but
not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the
District;
2. Attempts to influence the District;
3. Participating in any matters before the District on any case, matter,
or contract over which you had supervision, direct involvement, or
responsibility while employed by PennDot;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the District in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
A. Kumar P.E.
August 9, 1984
Page 4
In light of the definitions and restrictions outlined above, the
Commission, furthermore, has held that the mere act of preparing and signing
as preparer or "appearing" by having your name listed as the person who will
provide technical assistance on a proposal, document, or bid, to be submitted
to or reviewed by the District, constitutes an attempt to influence your
former governmental body. See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first
year after you would leave PennDot, you should not allow your name to appear
on proposals, documents, or bids, either as the preparer or as the person who
will provide technical assistance on these documents, proposals, bids, etc.,
which will be presented to the District or •v: ich will be reviewed by tL
District. The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion ut your none
as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal ", even if submitted to or
reviewed by the District, is not prohibited as "representation ". See Kotalik,
84 -007.
You may, even under the above restrictions, assist in the preparation of
any documents presented to the District and assist in the prepar:tioh
associated with appearances to be made by a person other than yourself r.efe re
the District so long as you are not identified as the preparer or the person
who will provide technical assistance as outlined above. Of course, any ban
under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude you from making general
ir1frr°rnational inquiries of the District to secure information which is
available to the general public, See Cutt, 79 -023.
Likewise, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. This would Le true even
if your administration of a contract involved dealing with personnel of the
D i s t r i c t or personnel within PennDot generally. See Dalton, 80.056 and
Beaser 81 -538.
Conclusion: As a Civil Engineer III, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. If you terminate your service with
PennDot, you would become a "former public employee" subject to the
restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Lot. If this Cc�urs, ;;cur
conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined
above.
Furthee, should you terminate your employment as outlined above, you are
reminded that the Ethics Act also requires that as a public employee you must
file a Statement of Financial Interests for each year in which you hold the
position described above, and for the year following your termination of
service.
A. Kumar P.E.
August 9, 1984
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good
faith conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the
requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the
acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice.
A personal appearance before the full Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be
made, in writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /na
Sincerely,
•Sandra S. Christianson
General Counsel
cc: Thomas D. Larson, Secretary, PennDot
Bruce Doman, Inspector General, PennDot
Michael A. Finio, Office of Inspector General, PennDot
Sharon S. Wright, Director, Personnel, PennDot