HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-591 VorceSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
July 20, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Kenneth E. Vorce, P.E.
P.O. Box 192
Harrisburg, PA 17108
RE: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Civil Engineer III
Dear Mr. Vorce:
84 -591
This responds to your letter of June 11, 1984, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Commonwealth, should such occur.
Facts: You indicate that you are presently employed by the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation, hereinafter, PennDot, as a Civil Engineer III.
You served with the Bureau of Maintenance and Operations, hereinafter the
Bureau, in the Traffic Engineering and Operations Division. As such you are
stationed in the Harrisburg Headquarters Office of PennDot. You indicate that
you are contemplating resigning your position to begin a personal consultant
business.
You indicate that your future employment as a personal consultant may
involve the following activities:
a. providing traffic engineering expertise to local jurisdictions on a
retainer basis and /or conducting individual transportation- related studies for
municipalities on a contract by contract basis.
b. providing technical services to metropolitan planning organizations
and private engineering firms. This activity would involve work on potential
projects developed for state - administered safety and traffic flow programs.
Kenneth E. Vorce, P.E.
July 20, 1984
Page 2
c. providing traffic engineering expertise to private corporations, for
example, developers, shopping center owners, for ingress- egress control and
parking lot design.
d. providing technical services as a sub - consultant to research
institutes and organizations.
You have also indicated that whale employed by PennDot you were
responsible for reviewing safety and traffic flow studies which are developed
to justify potential federally aided highway projects. In this capacity, you
were required to make a determination as to the project's technical validity,
that is, whether the project is in conformance with the PennDot program
criteria and adequately addresses the associated traffic problems. These
studies are conducted by PennDot's engineering districts, private consulting
firms and metropolitan planning organizations.
In addition to the information which you provided, we have obtained and
incorporate herein by reference your job description which you signed on
January 26, 1984, and the classification specifications for the position of a
Civil Engineer III. Additionally, we have reviewed the organizational chart
of PennDot as published in the Saturday, April 14, 1984 edition of the
Pennsylvania Bulletin at page 1296. These items indicate that as a Civil
Engineer III in the Traffic Engineering and Operations Division of the Bureau
of Maintenance and Operations, you were supervised by the Chief Engineer for
Highway Administration who in turn reported to the Deputy Secretary for
Highway Administration.
Finally, your job description indicates that you are responsible for
arranging and conducting meetings and field reviews between the FHWA,
municipal planning organizations, municipal offices and officials and district
office personnel in order to coordinate and monitor the work of municipal
planning organizations, consultant and district personnel in accomplishing the
goals of PennDot. In this capacity you are deemed to have been responsible
for reviewing safety and traffic flow studies that were conducted by the
Department's engineering districts throughout the state and you provided
assistance to the various district office personnel in program and traffic
computer simulations. It should be noted that you began your employment with
PennDot in 1971 and as a result, you have become personally familiar with many
people within PennDot, including personnel within the central and the district
offices. You have, in the course of your tenure with PennDot, developed a
working relationship with the district offices and the personnel within these
offices.
Discussion: As a Civil Engineer III for PennDot, you are to be considered a
"public employee" within the definition of that term as set forth in the
Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. See Section 2 of the
Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 402 and the regulations of the Commission set forth at 51
Kenneth E. Vorce, P.E.
July 20, 1984
Page 3
Pa. Code 1.1. See also DeNadia, 84 -587. This conclusion is based upon your
job description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly
that you have the power to take or recommend official action of a
non - ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement, planning,
inspecting or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimus on the interests of another person. Also, we have previously ruled
that a Civil Engineer II serving in the Design Division of PennDot is a public
employee. See Majeed, 80 -14A. Similarly, we have ruled that a Civil Engineer
I1I serving in the Design Liaison Unit in Pittsburgh is a public employee.
See Childs, 83 -502. Thus, there is no reason to arrive at a different
cone uT sion with respect to your position as a Civil Engeneer IV.
Consequently, if you were to terminate your state employment you would
become a "former public employee" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request we must identify the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working with PennDot. Then, we
must review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and term
of "representation ". In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously
ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to
have been associated during his tenure of public employment extends, not to
those entities where he may have had contact or acquired acquaintances and
colleagues, but only to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. See Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981). In Kury, the
Court addressed the question of whether or not the fact that a former Senator
had "dealt with" the Public Utility Commission during his tenure in the Senate
would preclude him from appearing and representing persons before the Public
Utility Commission within the first year after he left the Senate. The Court
concluded that the mere fact that the Senator had "dealt with" the Public
Utility Commission was insufficient to support a conclusion that the Senator
had been "associated" with that body. Thus, in your case, the mere fact that
you have been responsible for meeting with personnel within the District
Offices does not necessarily, in and of itself, persuade us that you were
associated with the district offices throughout the state.
Kenneth E. Vorce, P.E.
July 20, 1984
Page 4
Rather, from your job description and based upon the facts outlined
above, your jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appear to have
been limited to the Bureau of Maintanence and Operations and the Division of
Traffic Engineering and Operations. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you must be deemed to have been "associated" should you terminate your
employment with PennDot would be the Bureau of Maintainence and Operations,
hereinafter, the Bureau, and the Traffic Engineering and Operations Division
of the Bureau, hereinafter, the Division. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave PennDot, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and
restrict your activity of "representation" of persons or new employers
vis -a -vis the Bureau and the Division.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies,
districts, or entities within PennDot or outside of PennDot other than with
respect to the Bureau and the Division. Likewise, there is no general
restriction against your seeking and engaging in private consulting work or
supplying services to clients in general following your retirement from
PennDot. You may not, however, "represent" any new employer or client before
the Bureau or the Division as described more fully below for the first year
after you would leave PennDot.
The Ethics Commission has promulgated regulations to define
representation as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental bodies with which you
have been deemed to have been associated, that is the Bureau and the Division,
including, but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts
with the Bureau and the Division;
2. Attempts to influence the Bureau or the Division;
3. Participating in any matters before the Bureau or the Division on
any case, matter, or contract over which you had supervision, direct
involvement, or responsibility while employed by PennDot;
Kenneth E. Vorce, P.E.
July 20, 1984
Page 5
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Bureau or the Division in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, 80 -048; Seltzer, 80 -044; and DeNadia, supra.
In light of the definitions and restrictions outlined above, the
Commission, furthermore, has held that the mere act of preparing and signing
as preparer or "appearing" by having your name listed as the person who will
provide technical assistance on a proposal, document, or bid, to be submitted
to or reviewed by the Bureau or the Division, has been held to constitute an
attempt to influence your former governmental body (the Bureau or the
Division). See Kilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
would leave PennDot, you should not allow your name to appear on proposals,
documents, or bids, either as the preparer or as the person who will provide
technical assistance on these documents, proposals, bids, etc., which will be
presented to the Bureau or the Division or which will be reviewed by these
entities. The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name
as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal ", even if submitted to or
reviewed by the Bureau or the Division, is not prohibited as "representation ".
See Kotalik, 84 -007.
You may, even under the above restrictions, assist in the preparation of
any documents presented to the Bureau or the Division and assist in the
preparation associated with appearances to be made by a person other than
yourself before the Bureau or the Division so long as you are not identified
as the preparer or the person who will provide technical assistance as
outlined above. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the Bureau or the
Division to secure information which is available to the general public. See
Cutt, 79 -023.
Likewise, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. This would be true even
if your administration of a contract involved dealing with personnel of the
Bureau or the Division or personnel within PennDot generally. See Dalton,
80 -056 and Beaser, 81 -538.
Conclusion: As a Civil Engineer III, you are to be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. If you terminate your service with
PennDot as a Civil Engineer III, you would become a "former public employee"
subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. If
this occurs, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the Ethics Act
as outlined above.
Kenneth. E. Vorce, P.E.
July 20, 1984
Page 6
Further, should you terminate your employment with PennDot, you are
reminded that the Ethics Act also requires that as a public employee you must
file a Statement of Financial Interests for each year in which you hold the
position described above, and for the year following your termination of
service with the State.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by he Commission, and evidence of good
faith conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the
requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the
acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice.
A personal appearance before the full Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be
made, in writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /na
Lr
Sandra S. C ristianson
General Counsel
cc: Thomas D. Larson, Secretary, PennDot
Bruce Doman, Inspector General, PennDot
Michael A. Finio, Office of Inspector General, PennDot
Sharon S. Wright, Director, Personnel, PennDot