HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-532 CarolCarol Cocheres, Esquire
Baskin & Sears, P.C.
P.O. Box 1150
Harrisburg, PA 17108
RE: Attorney, Representation, Former Governmental Body
Dear Ms. Cocheres:
MaJm Address.
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
March 8, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
84 -532
This responds to your letter of February 20, 1984, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You have requested advice regarding the permissable scope of your
practice of law since termination of your employment with the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania.
Facts: You indicate that you have resigned your position with the Department
of Community Affairs, hereinafter the Department, as of January 31, 1984.
While employed with the Department, you served as one of the attorneys in the
Department's Office of Legal Services. As such, you were generally
responsible for: providing legal advice to the Department's executive staff
and bureaus; reviewing, drafting, and approving contracts with the
Department's grant program; reviewing and approving notes and bonds issued by
municipalities for the incurrence of debt under the Local Government Unit Debt
Act; providing technical assistance to municipalities in the area of municipal
law; and representing the Department in litigation at the administrative
hearing level, in Commonwealth Court and in other courts as necessary.
You have provided us with a copy of your job description which indicates
the proportion of time spent on each of these tasks and that job description
is incorporated herein by reference. However, you wish to hightlight two
areas of responsibility in your former position. The first is your
participation in the procedure when petitions for declaratory order or
complaints were filed with the Department pursuant to the provisions of the
Local Government Unit Debt Act. In such cases, a petition for declaratory
order would usually assert the validity of the bonds or notes to be issued by
a municipality. A complaint would challenge the validity of the notes and the
bonds and would request the Department approve the municipality's application.
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Carol Cocheres, Esquire
March 8, 1984
Page 2
In such instances, you would be appointed as hearing examiner for the case,
conduct a hearing, draft an opinion and an order for the case, and present
them as recommendations to the Secretary of the Department. An opinion and
order were then issued under the Secretary's signature with respect to the
approval or disapproval of the validity of the notes and bonds to be issued by
the municipality.
The second area which you wish to emphasize is that you worked with
contracts by drafting special contracts relating to the Department's grant
programs and /or by assisting program bureaus with the drafting of such
contracts. Although the selection of the grantees was the responsibility of
the program bureaus, the Deputy Secretary's and the Secretary, you did
participate in the drafting, review, and approval of standard contract forms
for the Department's grant programs.
As of February 1, 1984, you became associated in the practice of law with
the firm of Baskin and Sears. You intend to practice law in the municipal
finance division of the firm and your responsibilities will include
preparation of documents for the issuance of notes and bonds by
municipalities, municipal authorities, redevelopment authorities, school
districts, and industrial development authorities. Depending on the type of
notes and bonds, approval of the documents by Commonwealth agencies, including
the Department of Community Affairs in the Department of Commerce may be
required. If necessary, you will be called upon to submit the documents to
these commonwealth agencies. For example, you indicate that municipalities
generally need the approval of the Department of Community Affairs pursuant to
the Local Government Unit Debt Act prior to the issuance of notes and bonds.
Industrial development authorities, on the other hand, must seek and secure
the approval of the Department of Commerce for the issuance of their bonds.
Finally, you may also be called upon to help clients with the preparation
of applications for additional state assistance and funds through the several
grant programs within the jurisdiction of the Department of Community Affairs
such as the housing and redevelopment assistance program, the small
communities program, and the state planning assistance grant program.
You indicate your awareness of the case entitled Pennsylvania Public
Utility Bar Association v. Thornburgh, 434 A.2d 1327, 62 Pa. Cmwlth. 88
(1981), affirmed per curiam 450 A.2d 613, 498 Pa. 589 (1982) which deals with
the applicability of the Ethics Act to attorneys in the regulation of their
practice of law. However, you still seek clarafication of the question
of the applicability of the Ethics Act to your situation and any restrictions
might be placed upon your conduct with respect to your practice of law.
Carol Cocheres, Esquire
March 8, 1984
Page 3
Discussion: In light of the recent decision in Pennsylvania Public Utility
Commission Bar Association, supra, where the Court held that Section 3(c) of
the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 403(e), was an impermissible intrusion upon the
Supreme Court's authority to regulate attorney conduct, the State Ethics
Commission has applied this decision to mean that there are no prohibitions
under the Ethics Act upon your conduct insofar as that conduct constitutes the
practice of law.
Therefore, insofar as your conduct before the Department of Community
Affairs in particular, would constitute the practice of law, Section 3(e) of
the Ethics Act cannot be applied to restrict that proposed activity.
Particular reference should be made to the decision of the Commonwealth Court
at footnote 7, 434 A.2d at page 1331 - 1332. In this note, the Court
indicates that any activitiy in which the attorney proports to render
professional services to a client may only be regulated by the Suprenme Court.
The State Ethics Commission, therefore, must conclude that to the extent that
you would represent a client, as a lawyer, before the Department of Community
Affairs or otherwise, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would not operate to bar
such activity.
If, however, the activities that you intend to undertake before the
Department of Community Affairs -- the governmental body with which you had
been associated while employed by the Commonwealth -- do not fall within the
category of the "practice of law" the prohibitions of Section 3(e) might be
applicable. Activities which might be considered, by the Commission, not to
constitute the "practice of law" or to be undertaken in the capacity as
lawyer - client, might include activities such as lobbying and negotiating on
contracts. However, we will assume, for the purposes of this Advice, that you
are intending to undertake the activities outlined above in the capacity of
lawyer - client and that these activities would constitute the practice of law
and that the provisions of Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act pursuant to the
mandates of the Supreme Court's ruling would, therefore, be inapplicable.
In any event, you should be advised that your activity, even if Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act were to be applicable, would not regulate your conduct,
except with respect to the Department -- the "governmental body" with which
you are "associated" while employed by the Commonwealth. Therefore, any
representation which you might undertake with respect to a client before the
Department of Commerce or the Department of Environmental Resources, or any
other entity other than the Department of Community Affairs would not be
restricted by Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act in any event.
Carol Cocheres, Esquire
March 8, 1984
Page 4
Conclusion: The Ethics Act does not bar your representation or your
activities, as outlined above, insofar as those activities constitute the
practice of law. You are not prohibited from representing any person before
the Department of Commerce or the Department of Environmental Resources in any
event. It should be noted that any restrictions which might be imposed on
your conduct under the Ethics Act are personal to you and do not affect or
infringe upon the conduct of any of your associates or partners in the
practice of law.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /rdp
Sincerely,
C Z - i
Sandra S. Christianson
General Counsel
cc: Shirley M. Dennis, Secretary
Frederick Brooks, Jr., Chief, Personnel Management Division