HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-516 LewisJohn Z. Lewis
Public Accountant
P.O. Box 312
Church Road
Hershey, PA 17033
Dear Mr. Lewis:
Manny Address.
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
P.O. BOX 1179
HARRISBURG, PA 17108
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
January 31, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
RE: Representation, Restrictions, Section 3(e)
84 -516
This responds to your letter of January 17, 1984, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask what restrictions you might face following the termination of
your employment with the Commonwealth pursuant to the provisions of the Ethics
Act.
Facts: You indicate that on December 14, 1983, you retired from state
service. Prior to your retirement you served as an Accountant III with the
Governor's Executive Office, Office of the Budget, Comprollers Operations. In
this capacity, you were assigned to the Department of Transportation as
Supervisor of the Pre -Audit Section. In this capacity, you operated under a
job description (incorporated herein by reference) which indicates that you
undertook the following activities:
1. a variety of supervisory accounting duties associatted with
classification, analysis, and reporting of Department financial data
related to the pre -audit functions;
2. supervising a large staff of professional and clerical subordinates
engaged in the audit functions of checking cross codings on various
documents and transactions, reviewing and auditing travel expense
vouchers and hotel orders, reviewing all commitment and expenditure
documents and completing forms for transmittal of expenditure
documents.
State Ethics Commission • 308 Finance Building • Harris Pennsylvania
John Z. Lewis
January 31, 1964
Page 2
Fundamentally, you were involved in insuring that uniform accounting
standards and principles were applied to all of the above actions within the
Department of Transporation. In addition, you directed and coordinated all
pre -audit activites including the signing and reviewing all work and providing
professional accounting guidance and assistance on special problems. You
participated in establishing of pre -audit policy for the Department, training
field personnel with the Department of Transportation, and implementing
programs for the processing of documents through the pre -audit unit.
Upon termination of your service with the Commonwealth, you would like to
undertake activities including those associated with processing documents
through the Bureau of Motor Vehicles within the Department of Transportation
as a full agent -- for the issuance of temporary license plates -- and a motor
vehicle messenger service. Both of these services include charging customers
fees for the services rendered.
Discussion: While employed with the Commonwealth, you were to be considered a
"public employee" as that term is defined in the State Ethics Act. See 65
P.S. 402. Therefore, upon terminatioo of your employment with the
Commonwealth, you became a "former public employee." As a "former public
employee" your conduct must conform to the requirements of Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act as set forth below:
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
As a former public employee, you must, for the calendar year following
your termination of employment (December 14, 1983 to December 14, 1984)
refrain from "representation" as the Commission has further defined that term
vis -a -vis those governmental bodies with which you may have been associated
while employed by the Commonwealth. We must, however, review your request by
asking the following questions:
1. What is the scope of the term an activity known as "representation ";
and,
2. to which governmental bodies do the restictions and prohibitions
against representation extend in your case?
The Ethics Commission's regulations provide that the term
"representation" should include the following activities:
John Z. Lewis
January 31, 1984
Page 3
Representation - Any act on behalf of any person including
but not limited to the following activities: personal
appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employee. 51 P.S. Code 1.1.
Further, the Ethics Commission has determined that the prohibited
activity described as "representation" in Section 3(e) extends to such
activities as:
1. personal appearances before the governmental body with which you are
deemed to have been associated, including but not limited to
negotiation or re- negotiation of contracts;
2. attempts to influence governmental body or bodies with which you
have been associated;
3. participation in any manner before these governmental bodies on any
matter over which you had supervision, direct involvement, or
responsibility while employed by the Commonwealth;
4. lobbying, that is representing the interest of any person before the
governmental body or bodies with which you may have been associated
in relation to legislation, regulations, etc. See Russell, 80 -048
and Seltzer, 80 -044.
It should be noted that the mere act of preparing and signing with your
own name or having your name appear as the person who will serve in regard to
a proposal (such as technical advisor on a proposal) has been held to
constitute an attempt to influence your former governmental body or bodies
should such a proposal be presented to or reviewed by those bodies with which
you are deemed to have been associated. Therefore, such activity is
prohibited. See Kilareski, 80 -054. This is because the inclusion of your
name as preparer or technical advisor on such a proposal to be submitted to or
reviewed by that governmental body or those bodies with which you may be
deemed to have been associated has the potential for influencing the decision
of those entities. Also, where you know or should know that a submission or
proposal that you might make to an entity other than the governmental body or
bodies with which you are deemed to have been associated will be reviewed by
those entities with which you have been associated, your name should not
appear on such a proposal. See Anderson, 83 -014.
John Z. Lewis
January 31, 1984
Page 4
While the restrictions apply to you for the one year
period following your termination of service with the state vis -a -vis those
governmental bodies or that governmental body with which you are deemed to
have been associated, you may, nevertheless, work for an employer or on your
own behalf and may within the one -year period, following your termination of
service, engage in the following activities:
a. You may administer rather than negotiate or re- negotiate any
contract that exist or is to be awarded to any future employer or
client so long as the contract or sub - contract is awarded or entered
into without the inclusion of your name as noted above.
b. You may make general informational inquiries of the governmental
body or the governmental bodies with which you are deemed to have
been associated in general, so long as there is no attempt to
influence those bodies as prohibited above.
c. You may utilize the knowledge and expertise gained during your
tenure as a public employee so long as you do not use any
confidential information gained during your service as a public
employee.
d. You may appear and represent any person on behalf of any client or
new employer before any entity or governmental body except those
with which you have been deemed to have been associated while
employed by the Commonwealth.
Next, we must answer the question as to which governmental body or bodies
the above referenced restrictions would be applicable. Specifically, in your
capacity as Section Supervisor within the Comptroller's Office and assigned to
the Department of Transportation should you be deemed to have been associated
with the entire Department of Transportation, the Comptroller's Office within
the Department of Transportation or the Office of Budget - Comptroller's
Office? From the job description that you have provided and the
organizational chart, we conclude that the governmental bodies with which you
must be deemed to have been associated, include the Comptroller's Office
within the Office of Budget (Governor's Executive Office) and the
Comptroller's Office of the Department of Transportation. Accordingly, those
restrictions outlined above and prohibited activities listed as Numbers 1 - 4
above must be observed with respect to the Comptroller's Office within the
Office of Budget and the Comptroller's Office within the Department of
Transportation. With respect to any other entities within the Department of
Transportation or otherwise, you may undertake activities without regard to
the restrictions against "representation" of any person.
John Z. Lewis
January 31, 1984
Page 5
Thus, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would not preclude you from offering
services as a full agent with respect to the issuance of temporary license
plates or providing motor vehicles messenger service to the Bureau of Motor
Vehicles within the Department of Transportation. In this conclusion we
assume that as a Supervisor within the Comptroller's Office as assigned to the
Department of Transportation that you had no supervisory or direct authority
over personnel within the Bureau of Motor Vehicles with whom you might be
dealing as an agent for the issuance of temporary license plates or with
respect to the motor vechicle messenger service which you propose.
However, you must observe the restrictions outlined above (Numbers 1 - 4)
and in the discussion herein within the first year after you leave state
employment with respect to the Comptroller's Office -- Office of Budget and
the Comptroller's Office -- Department of Transportation.
Conclusion: Upon your termination of service with the Commonwealth, you will
have became a "former public employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Your conduct as a former public employee
vis -a -vis the Comptoller's Office within the Office of Budget and the
Comptroller's Office in the Department of Transportation must conform to the
requirements in the Act described in this Advice and you should take note of
the prohibited and allowable activities as discussed herein.
As a former public employee you must file a Financial Interest Statement
for each year that you held the position described above and for the year
following your termination of service. Thus, a Statement of Financial
Interests should be filed no later than May 1, 1984, which represents the
filing required for the year following your termination of service. This
Financial Interest Statement will record information for the calendar year
1983.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
John Z. Lewis
January 31, 1984
Page 6
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /rdp
cc: Bruce Doman, Esquire
Thomas Larson, Secretary
Sharon Wright, Director
Robert A. Bittenbender, Secretary
Charles Sciotto, Director
Robert Parsons
Sincerely,
Sandra S. C/ i sti anson
General Counsel