HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-518 HolmanSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 5, 1990
Mr. Clyde C. Holman 90 -518
R.D. #1, Box 1721
Locust Valley
Barnesville, PA 18214
Re: Conflict, Public Employee, Contracting, House of
Representatives, Brokerage, Solid Waste.
Dear Mr. Holman:
This responds to your letter January 23, 1990 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a staff member in the office of a Pennsylvania
Senator under the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law may
privately engage in the activity of brokerage of solid waste.
Facts: You are currently an Administrative Assistant to a State
Senator. You inquire as to whether you may possibly engage in
the brokerage of solid waste. Due to the difficulties relating
to the disposal of refuse, you would like to represent a company
that would negotiate a contract between a municipality,
collective municipalities, associations, authorities, or
individual solid waste haulers and landfills. You would not at
any time intend to sell, influence or attempt to influence any
state agency, contract or bid relative to this venture. You do
not intend to have any contracts or transactions involving the
Commonwealth nor do you intend to use your position to secure
privileges to obtain special consideration. Before you attempt
any venture, you would like to know if a conflict would arise
regarding your participation in such a business. You know that
some legislators are involved in similar types of business such
as brokerage; however, you would appreciate knowing whether
there would be any restrictions on you regarding participating in
this type of activity. You conclude by requesting advice as to
whether such activity would be a conflict under the Ethics Law.
Discussion: As a Legislative Assistant for a Pennsylvania
Senator, you are public employee within the definition of that
Mr. Clyde C. Holman
Page 2
term as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
and hence are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public .
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Mr. Clyde C. Holman
Page 3
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public
employment with the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Finally, contracting restrictions as to public
officials /employees are provided in Section 3(f) of the Ethics
Law as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals
considered and contracts awarded. In such a
case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or
Mr. Clyde C. Holman
Page 4
administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this
subsection shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, we note that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does
not prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities; however, the public official /employee may not use
the authority of office for the advancement of his own personal
financial gain. Thus, although you are not prohibited under
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law from representing a company which
would contract for the disposal of solid waste, you could not
perform your private business using Commonwealth facilities or
personnel. In particular you could not use the telephone,
postage, staff, equipment, research materials, personnel or any
other printed /drafted material as a means, in whole or part, to
carry out your private business activities. In addition, you
could not during Commonwealth working hours, solicit members of
the Senate or others to promote or conduct your brokerage for
solid waste. Subject to the qualifications noted above, Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit you from entering into
the private business arrangement.
As to Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law, you are
reminded of these provisions, not to suggest that there would be
any wrong doing on your part, but merely for the purpose of
supplying a complete response to your inquiry.
As to Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law quoted above, this
provision of law has strict requirements whenever a public
official /employee would contract with his governmental body.
The term governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is
or has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
Mr. Clyde C. Holman
Page 5
Under the above quoted definition, it is clear that the
governmental body with which you are associated would be the
Senate. Accordingly, under Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law, any
contract that you or the company, the business with which you are
associated, would negotiate with your governmental body would
have to be awarded through an open and public process including
prior public notice and subsequent public disclosure if the
contract is $500.00 or more as per the requirements of Section
3(f). In addition, Section 3(f) also restricts the award of sub-
contracts. Thus, if the governmental body with which you are
associated entered into a contract with a given individual or
entity who in turn sought to enter into a sub- contract with you
or the business with which you are associated, such contracting
would also be subject to the requirements of Section 3(f) of the
Ethics Law noted above. Finally, if you or a business with which
you are associated enter into such a contract or sub - contract
after complying with the restrictions of Section 3(f), you as a
public employee would be prohibited as to the implementation or
administration of that contract. Therefore, in order for
contracting to be allowed under the Ethics Law, strict compliance
with the provisions of Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law as outlined
above must be followed. Unless the restrictions of Section 3(f)
of the Ethics Law are complied with, such contracting would be
prohibited.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of .conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Legislative Assistant to a Pennsylvania
Senator, you are public employee subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. Although Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not
preclude you or a business with which you are associated from
providing brokerage of sewage services, you could not use the
authority of office to obtain such business and such business
activity may not be conducted using Commonwealth facilities or
personnel. Under Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law any contract or
sub- contract between you or a business with which you are
associated and the governmental body with which you are
associated must be awarded through an open and public process, if
valued at $500.00 or more, with prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure. In addition, if a contract is
awarded you may not in your capacity as public employee have any
supervisory overall responsibility for implementation or
administration of the contract. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Mr. Clyde C. Holman
Page 6
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
Chief Counsel