HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-511 KopkoMr. Edward E. Kopko
First Federal Building
111 East Norwegian Street
Pottsville, PA 17901
Dear Mr. Kopko:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 15, 1990
90 - 511
Re: Conflict, Public Official, Contracting with Governmental
Body, Township Supervisor, Municipal Association, Trash
Disposal Company.
This responds to your letter of January 8, 1990 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition upon a township supervisor /municipal
association member or a "business with which he is associated"
from contracting with the municipal association.
Facts: You represent an elected official who is a supervisor in
a second class township which is turn is a member of landfill
association comprised of numerous municipalities. Membership
with the association is limited to only the participating
municipalities; the officers, directors and members of the
association are represented by elected officials from each
respective municipality. The association is desirous of entering
into a contract with a company for the removal and disposal of
trash and municipal waste. Your client has the opportunity to
acquire stock in the company that will contract with the
association. You inquire as to whether his stock ownership in
the corporation would be prohibited by the Ethics Law.
Discussion: As a supervisor for second class township, the
individual is a "public official" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Law. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code 51.1. As such, he is
Mr. Edward E. Kopko
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subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law and the restrictions
therein are applicable to him.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Restricted Activities
No public official or public employee
shall engage in conduct that constitutes a
conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in
business for profit which comprises more
Mr. Edward E. Kopko
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than 5% of the equity of the business or more
than 5% of the assets of the economic
interest in indebtedness.
Section 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of
monetary value or no public official /employee shall solicit or
accept any thing of monetary value based upon the understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Generally, the Ethics Law places no per se prohibition upon
a public official's association with a business that contracts
with his governmental body. Under Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Law quoted above, a public official /employee is not perse
precluded from outside business interests provided those private
interests do not conflict with his public position. Pancoe, 89-
011. Therefore, assuming that the individual has not used the
authority of office or confidential information to either obtain
the stock or to obtain the stock at a better price or some
similar private pecuniary benefit through the use of authority of
office, the individual would not be precluded from acquiring
stock in the company. Further, in the event that the individual
would acquire the stock, he may be restricted as both a township
supervisor and a municipal association member from voting or-
participating as to that company. Since you have not supplied
information as to the extent of the stock ownership, it can not
be discerned as to whether his ownership is five percent or
greater as per the definition of financial interests under the
Ethics Law. In addition, if the individual does have a five
percent or more interest in the stock, which would create a
conflict as to his voting or participating regarding that
company, the requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Act must
be followed which requires a public disclosure of the conflict as
well as filing a written memorandum to that effect with the
secretary recording the minutes.
In addition to the foregoing, Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law
provides as follows:
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
Mr. Edward E. Kopko
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with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals
considered and contracts awarded. In such a
case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or
administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this
subsection shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
In relation to the above provision of law, the State Ethics
Commission has generally determined that this provision is a
procedure to be used when a public official or employee
contracts with his own governmental body in an amount of $500 or
more. The above provision of law clearly is intended to be a
procedure to be utilized where contracting is otherwise allowed
by law.
The above particular provision of law would require that an
additional procedure, the open and public process, must be used
in all situations where a public official is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body in an
amount of $500 or more. This open and public process would
require:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or
contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor /applicant to be able to prepare
and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or
proposals considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and
offered and accepted.
Thus, in the event that contracting would be allowed, the
above process must be employed. Further, Section 3(f) provides
that the public official could not have supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of
contract. Once again, since information has not been supplied as
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Page 5
to the extent of the stock ownership, it can not be determined
whether the individual has a financial interests in the company
so that the company would be a business with which he is
associated as that term is defined under the Ethics Act. If such
is the case, the above provisions of Section 3(f) must be
adhered to.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed is the applicability of the respective municipal
code.
Conclusion: As a township supervisor and municipal association .
member, the individual is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would not prohibit the individual from obtaining stock in a
company that would contract for trash disposal with the municipal
association of which the supervisor is a member provided the
individual did not use the authority of office or confidential
information to obtain the stock or obtain the stock at a better
price. If the stock ownership creates a financial interest in
the company, then that would be a business with which he is
associated and Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would restrict - his
participation and voting regarding matters of that company. In
addition, the requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as
outlined above must be observed. In the event that the
individual had a financial interest as that term is defined
under the Ethics Law, Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law would be
applicable and the requirements as outlined above must be
adhered to. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
14
Mr. Edward E. Kopko
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Commission will be issued.• . Any such appeal mult-be in Wriiinctriiti.
and must be received at the Commission Within .15 days of the .date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. .Code S2.12.
• S
rely,
1.1
Insicent 4. opk
Chief Counsel .