HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-594 QuinnDear Ms. Quinn:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 20, 1989
Ms. Kathleen H. Quinn 89 -594
902 Green Street
Harrisburg, PA 17102
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); PennDot; Cultural
Resources Specialist
This responds to your letter of October 23, 1989, in
which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Law presents any
restrictions upon your employment following your termination
of service with the Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation.
Facts: You are currently employed as an Environmental Impact
Analyst , Cultural Resources Specialist (Archeologist) in the
Design Bureau, Environmental Quality Division of the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, hereinafter
PennDot. Your duties and responsibilities, which are set
forth in a submitted job description which is incorporated
herein by reference, are to basically review archeological
work done for PennDot on highway projects. You anticipate
leaving state employment with PennDot in the near future to
work in the private sector for a consulting engineering firm
and in that position you will be responsible for managing and
directing all environmental work. You conclude by requesting
advice as to what restrictions the Ethics Law would impose
upon you as to your new employment.
Discussion: As a Cultural Resources Specialist for PennDot,
you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Public Official
and Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. This conclusion
is based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature
Xs. Kathleen H. Quinn
Page 2
with respect to contracting, procurement, planning,
inspecting, administering or monitoring grants, leasing,
regulating, auditing or other activities where the economic
impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of
the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or
public employee shall represent a person,
with promised or actual compensation, on
any matter before the governmental body
with which he has been associated for one
year after he leaves that body. 65 P.S.
S402.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body
with which you were associated while working with PennDot
must be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions
associated with the concept and term of "representation" must
be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated " is defined
under the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a
public official or public employee is or
has been associated." The governmental
body within State government or a
political subdivision by which the public
official or employee is or has been
employed or to which the public official
or employee is or has been appointed or
elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body. 65 P.S.
5402
Thus, the governmental body with which you have been
associated upon the termination of employment would be
PennDot. Therefore, within the first year after termination
of service with PennDot, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would
Ms. Kathleen H. Quinn
Page 3
apply and restrict representation of persons or new
employers vis -a -vis PennDot.
The Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
former governmental body. Likewise, there is no general
limitation on the type of employment in which a person may
engage, following departure from their governmental body. It
is noted, however, that the conflicts of interest law is
primarily concerned with financial conflicts and violations
of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act
consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment
or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former public employer.
In respect to the one year representation the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of
any other person in any activity which
includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances,
negotiations, lobbying and submitting bid
or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of a former public
official or public employee. 65 P.S.
5402.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows
under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A
body, individual,
association, f
committee, club or
group of persons.
business, governmental
corporation, union,
irm, partnership,
other organization or
65 P.S. 5402.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g)
of the Ethics Law to prohibit:
Ms. Kathleen H. Quinn
Page 4
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental
body or bodies, (that is PennDot), including, but not limited
to, negotiations or renegotiations in general or as to
contracts with the PennDot;
2. Attempts to influence PennDot;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are
signed or contain the name of the former public
official /employee.
4. Participating in any matters before PennDot over
which there was supervision, direct involvement, or
responsibility while employed by that governmental body;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before PennDot in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as
the person who will provide technical assistance on such
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
PennDot constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of one's name as an employee or consultant
on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by
PennDot, is not prohibited as representation.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to PennDot so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before PennDot. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to PennDot.
Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or
preclude the making of general informational inquiries of
PennDot to secure information which is available to the
general public. This, of course, must not be done in an
effort to indirectly influence these entities or to otherwise
make known to the governmental body the representation of, or
work for the new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that the
administering of an existing contract as opposed to
negotiating or renegotiating a contract would not be
prohibited by the Ethics Law.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
Ms. Kathleen H. Quinn
Page 5
official /employee anything of monetary value or no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote,
official action, or judgement of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any
other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in
that they do not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Cultural Resources Specialist for PennDot,
you are to be considered a "public employee" as defined in
the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with PennDot,
you would become a "former public employee" subject to the
restrictions imposed by Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. As
such, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the
Ethics Law as outlined above. The propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined
above, the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of
Financial Interests be filed for the year following
termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the
acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made
available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before
the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from
the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in
writing and must be received at the Commission within 15 days
of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
Chief Counsel