HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-580 ZilchDear Mr. Zilch:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 2, 1989
89 - 580
Mr. William M. Zilch
1122 Granada Lane
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Civil Engineer IV;
PennDot.
This responds to your letter of October 5, 1989, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Law presents any restrictions
upon your employment following your termination of service with
the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
Facts: You are currently employed as a Civil Engineer IV in the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, hereinafter PennDot,
Bureau of Design Contract Management Division in the Harrisburg
Central Office. You supervise a section which reviews plans and
proposals for highway and bridge projects which are contracted
through a competitive bidding process. Included within your
section is PennDot's Highway and Bridge Specifications
Publication 408. As part of your duties and responsibilities you
review and prepare many standard specifications and special
provisions for use in projects. If you leave state service, you
would become employed by a consulting engineer who designs and
contracts for PennDot. The consultant would utilize you in the
capacity of writing special provisions for inclusions in the
contract documents. You submit a copy of your current job
description and inquire as to whether such activity would be
permitted under the Ethics Law.
Discussion: As a Civil Engineer IV for PennDot, you are to be
considered a "public employee" within the definition of that term
as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and
the Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code
S1.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description, which
when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the
power exists to take or recommend official action of a non-
Mr. William M. Zilch
Page 2
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting, administering or monitoring grants,
leasing, regulating, auditing or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any
matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year
after he leaves that body. 65 P.S. §402.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body
with which you were associated while working with PennDot must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is
or has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body. 65 P.S. S402
Thus, the governmental body with which you been associated
upon the termination of employment would be PennDot. Therefore,
within the first year after termination of service with PennDot,
Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict
representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis PennDot.
The Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on
Mr. William M. Zilch
Page 3
the type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however,
that the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with
financial conflicts and violations of the public trust. The
intent of the law generally is that during the term of a person's
public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the public sector, that individual should
not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former public employer.
In respect to the one year representation the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals
which are signed by or contain the name of a
former public official or public employee.
65 P.S. 5402.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under
the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental
body, individual, corporation, union,
association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of
persons. 65 P.S. 5402.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, (that is PennDot), including, but not limited to,
negotiations or renegotiations in general or as to contracts with
the PennDot;
2. Attempts to influence PennDot;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
or contain the name of the former public official /employee.
Mr. William M. Zilch
Page 4
4. Participating in any matters before PennDot over which
there was supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by that governmental body;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before PennDot in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person, who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by PennDot
constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service,
you should not engage in the type of activity outlined above.
The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of one's
name as an employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even
if submitted to or reviewed by PennDot, is not prohibited as
representation.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to PennDot so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before PennDot. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to the PennDot.
Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or
preclude the making of general informational inquiries of PennDot
to secure information which is available to the general public.
This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence these entities or to otherwise make known to the
governmental body the representation of, or work for the new
employer. Thus, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would not
restrict your working for the consultant in writing special
provisions; however, your name or the fact that you worked on the
special provisions can not be revealed to PennDot as explained
above.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that the
administering of an existing contract as opposed to negotiating
or renegotiating a contract would not be prohibited by the
Ethics Law.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value or no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby.
Mr. William M. Zilch
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Civil Engineer, you are to be considered a
"public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination
of service with PennDot, you would become a "former public
employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law. As such, your conduct should conform to the
requirements of the Ethics Law as outlined above. The propriety
of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
Interests be filed for the year following termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
VJD /emg
cerely,
Vincent "7. Dopko,
Chief Counsel