HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-560 MahoneyWalter H. Mahoney
R.D. #2 Box 600
Farmington, PA 15437
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 24, 1989
89 -560
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Bridge and Structural
Design Supervisor, PennDOT
Dear Mr. Mahoney:
This responds to your letter of June 28, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon
your potential employment following your termination of service with
PennDOT.
Facts: You advise that you resigned your position as bridge and
structural design supervisor on June 12, 1989 with the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation, hereinafter PennDOT, wherein you worked
in Engineering District 12 -0 in Uniontown, Pennsylvania. You state
that you were limited in your employment to the District Bridge Unit
Operations and your duties consisted of the following activities:
"1. Supervising and /or performing the bridge review of special
hauling and posted bridge permit applications.
2. Extracting statistical bridge data from the Department's
computer bridge management record system, by means of
several mainframe computer reporting programs, for the
purpose of project programming, record keeping and other
informational reports.
3. Supervising and /or performing the field testing and
evaluation of bridge deck conditions for the determination
of the most cost effective scope of bridge deck work for
programmed bridge rehabilitation projects.
4. Supervising and /or performing the review of bridge
occupancy permit applications (utility attachments).
Walter H. Mahoney
Page 2
5. Miscellaneous other unit activities consisting of
authorizing design projects, environmental evaluations,
project cost estimating and project monitoring."
After noting that you have accepted a position as a structural
designer /draftsmen with the engineering fine of Sucevic, Piccolomini &
Kuchar of Uniontown, you indicate that your duties with that company
consist of preparing structural design and drawings and specifications
for state, local and private clients. You acknowledge that both your
new employer and yourself are aware that your name or credentials
cannot be used in any matter when seeking engineering work with a
state agency nor can you represent a new employer at meetings for a
period of one year. You conclude by requesting an Opinion as to the
restrictions that the Ethics Act may impose upon you.
You have submitted a photocopy of your job description which
details your duties and responsibilities in the Design Bureau of the
Uniontown Office, hereinafter the Bureau. The job description
reflects that you are a supervisor over all activities of the staff
of designers and draftsmen relative to the performance of assigned
projects. In particular, your duties and responsibilities are as
follows: Providing supervisory guidance to staff; developing staff
expertise and qualifications through distributing and interpreting
technical information; supervising the design and plan preparation of
various structural design projects; coordinating with outside agencies
and other PennDOT Offices; reviewing structural plans and
specifications submitted by engineering consulting firms; reviewing
bridge designs for municipal projects; reviewing shop drawings to
assure complaints with standards; reviewing special hauling permits;
reviewing and processing bridge occupancy permits; providing technical
assistance to other district units and preforming such other duties
and responsibilities as are necessary for your position.
Discussion: As a bridge and structural design supervisor for
PennDOT, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1.
This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the
power to take or recommend official action of a non- ministerial nature
with respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or
other activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimus
on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Walter H. Mahoney
Page 3
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall
represent a person, with or without compensation,
on any matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year after he
leaves that body. 65 P.S. S403.
Initially, to answer your request the "governmental body" with
which you were associated while working for PennDOT must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with the
concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed. In this
context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled that the
"governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to have
been associated during his tenure of public office or employment
extends to those entities where he had influence, responsibility,
supervision, or control. See Ewing, Opinion 79 -010. See also Rury v.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940
(1981).
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appears to have
been the Design Bureau in the Uniontown Office, hereafter, the Bureau.
Thus, the "governmental body" with which you have been "associated"
upon the termination of your employment would be the Bureau.
Therefore within the first year after you would leave PennDOT,
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your
"representation" of persons or new employers vis -a -vis the Bureau.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the Bureau. Likewise,
there is no general limitation on the type of employment in which you
may engage, following your departure from PennDOT. It is noted,
however, that the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned
with financial conflicts and violations of the public trust. The
intent of the law generally is that during the term of a person's
public employment he must act consistently with the public trust and
upon departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector, officials
or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with
his former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014; Zwikl,
Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Commission
has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Walter H. Mahoney
Page 4
Section 1.1 Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any
person including but not limited to the following
activities: personal appearances, negotiating
contracts, lobbying, and submitting bid or
contract proposals which are signed by or contain
the name of the former public official or public
employee. 51 Pa. Code S1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to
prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies
with which you have been associated, (that is the Bureau), including,
but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with
the Bureau;
2. Attempts to influence the Bureau;
3. Participating in any matters before the Bureau over which you
had p s s up D e�rvision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed
by
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the Bureau in relation to legislation, regulations,
etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and Seltzer, Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or bid,
if submitted to or reviewed by the Bureau, constitutes an attempt to
influence your former governmental body. See Kilareski, Opinion 80-
054. Therefore, within the first year after you leave PennDOT, you
should not engage in the type of activity outlined above. The
Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name as an
employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to
or reviewed by the Bureau, is not prohibited as "representation." See
Kotalik, Opinion 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to
the Bureau so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may
also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the
Bureau. Once again, however, your activity in this respect should
not be revealed to the Bureau. Of course, any ban under the Ethics
Act would not prohibit or preclude you from making general
informational inquiries of the Bureau to secure information which is
Walter H. Mahoney
Page 5
available to the general public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023. This, of
course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence these
entities or to otherwise make known to the Bureau your representation
of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are
administering an existing contract as opposed to negotiating or
renegotiating a contract, your activities would not be prohibited by
the Ethics Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, Advice 81 -538.
Additionally, it is noted that Section 403(b) of the State
Ethics Act would prohibit any public employee or public official from
accepting a position of employment if said position has been offered
based upon the understanding that the official conduct of the employee
or official, while working for his former governmental body, was
influenced by such offer. See 65 P.S. S403(b).
Parenthetically, it is noted in your job description that you
provide technical assistance to other district units. Since you have
not delineated to what extent there has been any contact with other
district units, you may request additional advice of this Commission
if the situation occurred that your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence, and control extended to other district units.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a bridge and structural design supervisor, you are to
be considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon
termination of your service with PennDOT, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e)
of the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should conform to the
requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above. Your governmental
body for the purpose of the one year representation restriction is
the Bureau.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as
outlined above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you
to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the year following your
termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
Walter B. Mahoney
Page 6
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission will
be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at the
Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code S2.12.
Sincerely,
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Vincen J. Dopko
Chief Counsel