HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-551 MatthewsRonald W. Matthews
Box 43
Scenery Hill, PA 15360
Dear Mr. Matthews:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 13, 1989
89 -551
Re: Conflict of Interest, Public Official, Contracting with
Governmental Body, Township Auditor, Second Class Township
This responds to your letter of May 13, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the State Ethics Act presents any prohibitions
upon a Township Auditor or a business with which he is associated
from contracting with Second Class Township.
Facts: You state that you have been an elected auditor in North
Bethlehem Township, Washington County since January 1971. You
then state that in September 1983 you acquired the property of
your uncle Howard Matthews upon which a block garage stands
containing approximately 4332 square feet. You then note that
you uncle and the township supervisors entered into a contract on
January 14, 1980 in which the township leased the building for
the storage of township equipment at $125.00 per month. You then
advise that since September 1983 the township supervisors and
yourself have been operating under the same agreement. However,
you now note that your insurance company will no longer insure
the building on your home owners policy because the company has
classified the building as commercial which requires a separate
policy costing an additional $500.00 per year. You conclude by
requesting advice as to whether a conflict would exist if you
would enter a new agreement with the township and, if so, how can
you recover the (additional) sum.
Discussion: As an Auditor for North Bethlehem Township, you are
a "public official" as that term is defined in the State Ethics
Act. 65 P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. As such, you are subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Act and the restrictions therein
are applicable to you.
Ronald W. Matthews
June 13, 1989
Page 2
Generally, the State Ethics Act places no per se absolute
prohibition upon a public official's employment in a business
that contracts with his governmental body.
The Act does, however, provide as follows:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law for
himself, a member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Under Section 3(a) quoted above, this Commission has
determined that use of office by a public official to obtain a
financial gain for himself or a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he is associated which is not provided for
in law transgresses the above provision of law. Thus, use of
office by a public official to obtain a financial gain which is
not authorized as part of his compensation is prohibited by
Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon, Orders No. 128, 129, affirmed
McCutcheon v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529,
A.2d (1983); Yacobet, Order No. 412 -R, affirmed Yacobet v.
State Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 531 A.2d 536
(1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit
a public official /employee from using public office to advance
his own interests; Koslow, Order 458 -R, affirmed Koslow v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. Ct. , 540 A.2d 1374 (1988).
Likewise, a public official /employee may not use the status or
position of public office for his own personal advantage; Huff,
Opinion 84 -015.
The Commission has determined that if a particular statutory
enactment prohibits an official's receipt of a particular
benefit, then that official's receipt of such a prohibited
benefit, in and through his public office, would also be a use of
his office in contravention of the Ethics Act. The Commission
has been called upon, on various occasions, to determine whether
a specific benefit or financial gain is prohibited by law. See,
Allen, Advice 86 -518. In order to determine whether a particular
benefit or gain is strictly prohibited by law, the provisions of
the enabling legislation of the governmental body in question
must be reviewed.
In the instant situation, the Second Class Township Code
provides as follows:
Ronald W. Matthews
June 13, 1989
Page 3
(f) Except as herein provided, no township
official, either elected or appointed, who
knows, or who by the exercise of reasonable
diligence, could know, shall be interested to
any appreciable degree, either directly or
indirectly, in any contract for the sale or
furnishing of any supplies or materials for
the use of the township, or for any work to
be done for such township involving the
expenditure by the township of more than
three hundred dollars ($300) in any year, but
this limitation shall not apply to cases
where such officer, or appointee of the
township, is an employe of the person, firm
or corporation to which the money is to be
paid in a capacity with no possible influence
on the transaction, and in which he cannot be
possible benefited thereby, either
financially or otherwise: Provided, however,
That in the case of a supervisor, if he knows
that he is within the exception just
mentioned, he shall so inform the supervisors
and shall refrain from voting on the
expenditures, or any ordinance relating
thereto, and shall in no manner participate
therein: Provided, further, That any such
official or appointee who shall knowingly
violate this provision shall be subject to
surcharge to the extent of the damage shown
to be thereby sustained by the township,
ouster from office, and shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof,
shall be sentenced to pay a fine not
exceeding five hundred dollars ($500):
Provided, That in the case of the purchase of
material for the construction,
reconstruction, maintenance and improvement
of roads and bridges, the contract, which
shall be in writing, and shall be let only on
standard specifications of the Department of
Transportation, and materials so purchased
shall only be used in accordance with
specifications of said department. 65 P.S.
565802 (f) .
The above quoted Code does not appear to contain any
exception to the above provision that is applicable in the
instant situation. This Commission, has in the past, determined
that in a situation where a public official individually or
Ronald W. Matthews
June 13, 1989
Page 4
through a business entity that he owns, operates, has a financial
interests therein or works as an employee, that entity would be
prohibited from receiving compensation for providing services or
transacting business with the governmental body pursuant to the
above provision of law. See, Weaver, Opinion 85 -014.
As such, and based upon the prior rulings of this
Commission, you would appear to be prohibited from receiving any
funds from the governmental body for services rendered or in
relation to such a business transaction. Because that financial
gain appears to be prohibited by law, the receipt of this
financial gain in and through public position, would also appear
to be prohibited by Section 3(a) of the State Ethics Act. See,
Fvda, Order No. 438 -R.
In addition to the foregoing, the State Ethics Act provides
as follows:
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides:
(c) No public official or public employee or
a member of his immediate family or any
business in which the person or a member of
the person's immediate family is a director,
officer, owner or holder of stock exceeding
5% of the equity at fair market value of the
business shall enter into any contract valued
at $500 or more with a governmental body
unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public
disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. Any contract made in
violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of
making of the contract. 65 P.S. 403(c).
In relation to the above provision of law, the State Ethics
Commission has generally determined that this provision is a
procedure to be used when a public official or employee
contracts with his own governmental body in excess of $500.
Bryan, Opinion 80 -014; Lynch, Opinion 79 -047. The Commission,
however, has also determined that the above provision of law is
not a general authorization for a public official to contract
with his own governmental body where such is otherwise prohibited
by law. The above provision of law clearly is intended to be a
procedure to be utilized where contracting is otherwise allowed
by law. For example, if a particular business transaction was
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the State Ethics Act, this
Ronald W. Matthews
June 13, 1989
Page 5
particular section would prohibit a public official from
engaging in the contracting process.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of law would require
that an additional procedure, the open and public process, must
be used in all situations where a public official is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body in
excess of $500. This open and public process would require:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or
contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor /applicant to be able to prepare
and present an application or proposal;
public disclosure of all applications or
proposals considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and
offered and accepted. See, Cantor, 82 -004.
Thus, in the event that contracting would be allowed, the
above process must be employed. Lastly, it must be noted that
the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
(3)
Conclusion: As a North Bethlehem Township Auditor, you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the information provided herein, the Ethics Act would
prohibit you or a business with which you are associated from
receiving any financial gain that is strictly prohibited by law.
A member of Board of Auditors who received such compensation
individually or through a business with which he is associated,
would be receiving a financial gain that is strictly prohibited
by law. Such would, thus, be received in and through public
office and would not be in accord with the State Ethics Act.
Parenthetically, in the event that there had been no such
prohibition upon the receipt of this compensation, then the
Ethics Act, generally, would not have been precluded in and of
itself this contracting possibility. However, the public
official could not participate in any actions relating to the
business transaction and all contracting or business transactions
with such company must be accomplished through an open and public
process as set forth above.
Ronald W. Matthews
June 13, 1989
Page 6
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Ica... 1:)4
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel