HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-542 WardenRobert G. Werden
305 Summit Avenue
Jenkintown, PA 19046
Dear Mr. Werden:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 22, 1989
Re: Conflict of Interest, Public Official, Borough,
Councilmember, Employee of Borough Engineering Firm
This responds to you letter of April 18, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the State Ethics Act imposes any
prohibition or restrictions upon a borough councilman from being
employed on a part -time basis by the borough engineering firm
which bought out the councilmember's engineering firm.
Facts: You state that you are the Borough Councilman in
Jenkintown Borough for 7 -1/2 years and that you are seeking
election for a third term. You also note that you are Chairman
of the Borough's Public Works Committee in addition to serving on
Council. You then advise that the Borough's engineering firm is
Pennoni Associates. You then state that your own engineering
firm has been purchased by Pennoni Associates as a small division
of their large company and that you will continue on the payroll
as a part -time employee not to exceed 500 hours a year for a
period of three years. You conclude by requesting advice from
the Ethics Commission as to what restrictions the Ethics Act will
imposed upon you as Borough Councilman regarding matters
pertaining to the Borough engineer.
Discussion: As a councilman for Jenkintown Borough you are a
public official within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. As such, you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
89 -542
Robert G. Werden
May 22, 1989
Page 2
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Section 3(a) basically provides that a public official or
employee may not use his public office or confidential
information to obtain a financial gain other than compensation
as provided for by law for himself or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is associated. Under this
provision, the Ethics Commission has determined that the use of
office by a public official to obtain a gain or benefit for
himself or a member of his immediate family which is not provided
for in law constitutes a "financial gain other than compensation
provided for by law." These determinations have been appealed to
the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania which has affirmed the
Orders of the Commission. See McCutcheon v. State Ethics
Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. 529 (1983). See also Yocabet v. State
Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw. , 531 A.2d 536 (1987).
Thus, under this provision, a public official may not use his
public position to secure benefits for himself or a member of his
immediate family which are not provided for by law. Domalakes,
Opinion 85 -010; likewise, the receipt of private financial gain
or benefit through use of office is not permitted under this
section, Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public
official or public employee or candidate for
public office or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public
employee or candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future
employment based on any understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be
influenced thereby. 65 P.S. S403(b).
Robert G. Werden
May 22, 1989
Page 3
Under Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which a
public official or employee must observe, a public official or
employee must neither offer nor accept anything of value on the
understanding or with the intention that his judgment would be
influenced thereby. It is assumed such a situation does not
exist here. This Section is referenced not to indicate that any
such activity has been or will be undertaken but in an effort to
provide a complete response to your inquiry.
Paragraph Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides:
(c) No public official or public employee or
a member of his immediate family or any
business in which the person or a member of
the person's immediate family is a director,
officer, owner or holder of stock exceeding
5% of the equity at fair market value of the
business shall enter into any contract valued
at $500 or more with a governmental body
unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public
disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. Any contract made in
violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of
making of the contract. 65 P.S. §403(c).
Under Section 3(c) quoted above, since you are neither a
director, officer, owner, holder of stock exceeding 5% of the
equity of Pennoni Associates, Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act
would not have applicability to your situation.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(d) Other areas of possible conflict shall be
addressed by the commission pursuant to paragraph (9)
of Section 7. 65 P.S. 403(d).
Under the above provision of law, the Ethics Commission,
however, is also empowered to address other areas of possible
conflict pursuant to Section 3(d). 65 P.S. S403(d). Fritsinaer,
Opinion 80 -008; DeBenedictis, Opinion 86 -002. The parameters of
the type of activity encompassed by this provision are generally
reviewed in light of the preamble to the Ethics Act which
enunciates the legislative intent of the Act. The intent and
purpose of the Act is to strengthen the faith and confidence of
the people in their government by assuring the public that the
Robert G. Werden
May 22, 1989
Page 4
financial interests of the holders of public office present
neither a conflict nor the appearance or a conflict with the
public trust. A public official or employee, pursuant to this
provision, is to ensure that their personal financial interests
present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with
the public trust. 65 P.S. S401. Such a conflict may exist
where an individual represents one or more adverse interests.
Alfano, Opinion 80 -007; where an individual serves in positions
that are incompatible or conflicting; Nelson, Opinion 85 -009, or
where such an official or employee accepts compensation to which
he is not entitled. Domalakes, Opinion supra.
Under Sections 3(a) and 3(d) of the Ethics Act quoted above,
although you are not precluded from serving on Borough Council
and also being a part -time employee of the Borough Engineering
Firm, you should not participate in matters involving Pennoni
Associates, as for example, the renewal of their appointment as
Borough Engineer or questions regarding their retainer or
matters relating to their payment or in any matters where there
is dispute between Pennoni Associates and the Borough. In all
these instances you must abstain and note your abstention of
public record.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Councilman for Borough of Jenkintown you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Under Sections 3(a) and 3(d) of the Ethics Act above, you may
serve on Borough Council and as part -time employee of the Borough
Engineering Firm but you must abstain and note publically your
abstention in the matters noted above. Lastly, the propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Robert G. Werden
May 22, 1989
Page 5
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
S3xcerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
General Counsel