HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-535 BlairMs. Margaret A. Blair
1521 Westview Drive
New Kensington, PA 15068
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 27, 1989
89 -535
Re: Grant Program, Participation by Public Official /Employee
Dear Ms. Blair:
This responds to your letter of March 23, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask, whether you, in your position as Administrative
Assistant of the New Kensington Redevelopment Authority may
participate in a grant program, hereinafter the Program, administered
by the New Kensington Redevelopment Authority, hereinafter the
Authority.
Facts: After supplying your residence and telephone number, you
indicate that you are currently employed as an Administrative
Assistant with the Authority wherein you have worked since October 13,
1969. You state that there are only two employees with the Authority,
yourself and the Executive Director, Mr. Thomas C. Haser. You state
that the scope of your duties vary from typist, file clerk,
rehabilitation financial specialist to other duties as are required.
You advise that you desire a rehabilitation loan and that the City of
New Kensington operates via the Redevelopment Authority City -Wide Low
Interest Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program since 1986. In this
regard, you note that there are no grants but just 3% loans and that
qualification is based upon low /moderate income in accordance with
Section 8 income guidelines and also as an owner occupant. You state
that you qualify in both respects and that the availability of the
loan program was made public by advertising in a daily newspaper and
in a Sunday edition on 7 consecutive days. In addition, you note that
the applicants were and continue to be taken on a first come first
serve basis. You then elaborate upon the loan process wherein
applications are received and compiled with all necessary financial
and related data prepared by the Executive Director. You advise that
the Executive Director does the inspection work, write -up, bid process
and finally the presentation of recommendations to the authority board
for review and approval or disapproval. You only perform prepatory
work on the applications and have no input on the decision - making
process; there is no preferential treatment to you as an employee
Ms. Margaret A. Blair
April 27, 1989
Page 2
because 59 loans have already been processed and approved and you do
qualify in accordance with the guidelines. You finally note that the
final approval or disapproval rests with the redevelopment authority
board of directors.
Discussion: Initially, we should note that under the Ethics Act our
jurisdiction is limited to rulings under the Ethics Act. Thus, we
cannot and do not, in this Advice, address the propriety of or answer
any questions related to the propriety of your conduct in light of any
code, statute, (federal or state), regulations, etc. other than the
Ethics Act. However, under the Ethics Act we may provide a ruling
because your conduct is subject to the requirements of that Act
because you are or we assume, for purposes of this response that you
are a "public employee" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act.
See 65 P.S. §402.
Under the Ethics Act, we must observe —the stated purpose of that
Act which is to strengthen the faith and confidence of people and
their government by assuring the public that the financial interests
of the holders of or candidates for public office present neither a
conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust. See
Section 1 of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 5401. There are specific
provisions of the Ethics Act which must be reviewed in this situation.
Those provisions will be discussed more fully below. The Sections of
the Ethics Act which will be discussed are Section 3(a), (b) and (c)
of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. §403(a), (b) and (c), respectively.
We will address the provisions in Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act
first. From the facts outlined above, it is not clear whether there
will be any "contract" between you as a public employee and the
Authority. However, if this were to occur, the provisions of Section
3(c) of the Ethics Act would apply and require that any contract in
excess of $500 between a public employee or official and a
governmental body must be made only after an "open and public
process." The State Ethics Commission has interpreted this provision
to apply and to require an "open and public process" when the
particular public employee or official seeks to contract with the
"governmental body" with which he is "associated." See Bryan, Opinion
80 -014 and Lynch, Opinion 79 -047. The governmental body with which
you are "associated" is the Authority.
Thus, assuming, for purposes of this advice, that a contract
would be made between the Authority and yourself pursuant to the
provisions of this Program, Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act would be
applicable.
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act provides:
Ms. Margaret A. Blair
April 27, 1989
Page 3
(c) No public official or public
employee or a member of his immediate
family or any business in which the
person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director,
officer, owner or holder of stock
exceeding 5% of the equity at fair
market value of the business shall enter
into any contract valued at $500 or more
with a governmental body unless the
contract has been awarded through an
open and public process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public
disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. Any contract
made in violation of this subsection
shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of making of
the contract. 65 P.S. §403(c).
If Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act is applicable, it would require the
following to be undertaken if a contract in excess of $500 were to be
made between yourself there must be :
1. prior public notice of the contract possibility;
2. public disclosure of applications and contracts considered;
and
3. public disclosure of the award of the contracts.
Assuming that all of the guidelines as to an open and public
process mentioned above have been or will be met, if Section 3(c) of
the Ethics Act is applicable to your situation, we must next consider
the other aspects of the propriety of your proposed conduct under
other provisions of the Ethics Act. In this review, we note that we
appreciate and recognize the concern that arises where the public
program, funded with public monies and administered through a public
agency, political subdivision, or governmental body is also available
to public officials and /or employees of that agency or governmental
body. We recognize the public concern and criticism that may arise if
a public official or public employee who serves a governmental body
receives benefits under a program of this nature. Thus, we must
review this conduct in light of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act and
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act.
14s. Margaret A. Blair
April 27, 1989
Page 4
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall use his public office or
any confidential information received
through his holding public office to
obtain financial gain other than
compensation provided by law for
himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. §403(a).
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business
with which he is associated, and no
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of
future employment based on any
understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgment of the public
official or public employee or candidate
for public office would be influenced
thereby. 65 P.S. S403(b).
Under these Sections of the Ethics Act and the Opinions of the
Ethics Commission, it is clear that the Ethics Act was primarily
designed to restrict the activity of a public employee or official
where a conflict of interests exists and to address situations where
the appearance of a conflict with the public trust may arise.
However, the Opinions of the Ethics Commission indicate that the
Ethics Act was not designed nor should it be interpreted to preclude
public officials or public employees from participating in programs
which might otherwise be available to them as citizens. See Toohey,
Opinion 83 -003; Balaban, Opinion 83 -004 and•Coploff /Hendricks, Opinion
83 -005. In these cases the Ethics Commission indicated that a public
official or public employee or a business with which he is associated
could participate in rehabilitation or grant programs so long as that
public official or public employee:
Ms. Margaret A. Blair
April 27, 1989
Page 5
1. played no role in establishing the criteria under which the
program at issue was to operate, particularly with
reference to the structure or administration of the
program;
2. played no role in establishing or implementing the criteria
by which selections for program participation are to be or
were made;
3. played no role in the process of selecting and reviewing
applicants or in awarding grants or funds;
4. used no confidential information acquired during the
holding of public office or public employment to apply for
or to obtain such funds, grants, etc.
Furthermore, the Commission's Opinions indicate that if the body
with which the public employee or official is associated is in any way
involved in the administering of the grant program or selecting who,
among the applicants should receive assistance or funds, the public
employee or official within the governmental body who is making an
application to participate in such a program or to such funds,
must abstain from all discussions, votes or recommendations on the
applications or programs in which he or she is interested.
Additionally, such a public official or public employee should also
abstain from participating in matters before that governmental body
which he or she serves as to the applications of other individuals who
may be similarly situated and who are applying for funds or seeking
to participate in the program.
Essentially, the Commission sought to eliminate the possibility
that a public official or public employee who was seeking such funds
or seeking to participate in these grant programs would be in a
position to insure the grant funds or the program benefits would be
available to be applied for or applied to for his own benefit. Thus,
a public official or public employee in such a situation should
refrain from participating in making decisions or recommendations
about the program and regarding distribution of the limited funds
which might be available as a result of such a program. The reason
for such abstentions must be placed on the public record.
Based upon the facts as outlined above and as we understand
them, we must now apply these principles to this case and particular
circumstances. Essentially, we conclude that you may participate in
the Program, as outlined above, without resigning from your position
or relinquishing your role as a public employee. Under such
circumstances, so long as the required abstentions discussed above are
observed you may apply for and participate in the benefits associated
with this Program.
such.
Ms. Margaret A. Blair
April 27, 1989
Page 6
Finally, we must make reference to Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act
in order to provide a complete response to your inquiry. Under
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act cited above, which you must observe,
you must neither offer nor accept anything of value on the
understanding or with the intention that your official judgment would
be influenced thereby. We assume such a does not exist
here. We add reference to this Section not to indicate that any such
activity has been or will be undertaken but in a effort to provide a
complete response to your inquiry.
Conclusion: The Ethics Act and the rulings of the Ethics Commission
reveal no reason to preclude you from participating in this Program as
outlined above. So long as your conduct conforms to the guidelines
discussed above, you may participate in this Program. If these
guidelines are met you should encounter neither a conflict nor an
appearance of conflict with the public trust under the Ethics Act in
this situation.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission will
be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at the
Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J . Dopko
General Counsel