HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-534 EhrgoodSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 27, 1989
Thomas A. Ehrgood, Esquire 89 -534
Ehrgood Associates, P.C.
Farmers Trust Building
815 Cumberland Street
Lebanon, PA 17042
Re: Bethel Township Industrial Development Authority, Public
Official, FIS
Dear Mr. Ehrgood:
This responds to your letter of March 23, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the non - compensated members of an industrial
development authority are to be considered public officials as that
term is defined in the Ethics Act, and therefore, whether they are
required to file a Statement of Financial Interests pursuant to the
Ethics Act.
Facts: You advise that you are the attorney for the Bethel Township
Development Authority which consists of 5 members who are not
salaried. You question whether these individuals are required to file
the Statement of Financial Interests under the Ethics Act.
It appears that the Bethel Township Industrial Development
Authority was formed and operates pursuant to the Industrial and
Commercial Development Authority Law of December 29, 1971 P.L. 647 No.
171 as amended 73 P.S. 371 et. seq. The powers, duties, and
responsibilities of such authorities are set forth in Section 3 of
the Act as follows:
(a) Every industrial and commercial
development authority incorporated under this act
shall be a public instrumentality of the
Commonwealth and a public body corporate and
politic, and shall be for the purpose of
acquiring, holding, constructing, improving,
maintaining, owning, financing and leasing, either
in the capacity of lessor or lessee, industrial,
specialized or commercial development projects.
Thomas A. Ehrgood, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 2
In the event of default by an occupant, an
authority may, in its discretion, do any and all
acts necessary or convenient to protect the
holders of any bonds issued to establish such
project or to maintain and preserve the project
pending the remedying of such of defaults
or the obtaining of a new occupant. 73 P.S.
376(a)
The powers of industrial development authorities which are
delineated with specificity in subsection (b )of the above cited
statute are incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: The question to be answered is whether the members of the
Bethel Township Development Authority are to be considered as "public
officials" and required to file the Financial Interests Statement of
the Ethics Act.
Section 2. Definitions.
"Public Official." Any elected or appointed
official in the Executive, Legislative or
Judicial Branch of the State or any political
subdivision thereof, provided that it shall not
include members of advisory boards that have no
authority to expend public funds other than
reimbursement for personal expense, or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or any
political subdivision thereof. "Public Official"
shall not include any appointed official who
receives no compensation other than reimbursement
for actual expenses. 65 P.S. S402.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define
the term public official as above and also set forth that the term
includes any individual:
Section 1.1 Definitions.
Public officials - --
An elected or appointed official in the
executive, legislative or judicial branch of the
government of the Commonwealth or its political
subdivisions. The terms does not include a member
of an advisory board who has no authority to spend
public funds other than reimbursement for personal
expenses or to otherwise exercise the power of the
State or a political subdivision thereof.
Thomas A. Ehrgood, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 3
(i) The following criteria will be used to
determine if the exception in this paragraph is
applicable:
(A) The body will be deemed to have the
power to expend public funds if the body may
commit funds or may otherwise - make payment of
monies, enter into contracts, invest funds held in
reserves, make loans or grants, borrow money,
issue bonds, employ staff, purchase, lease,
acquire or sell real or personal property without
the consent or approval of the governing body and
the effect of the power to expend public funds has
a greater than de minimus effect on the interest
of a person.
(B) The body will be deemed to have the
authority to otherwise exercise the power of the
State or a political subdivision if one of the
following exists:
(I) The body makes binding decisions or
orders adjudicating substantive issues which are
appealable to a body or person other than the
governing authority.
(II) The body exercises a basic power of
government and performs essential governmental
functions.
(III) The governing authority is bound by
statute or ordinance to accept and enforce the
rulings of the body.
(IV) The body may compel the governing
authority to act in accordance with the body's
decisions or restrain the governing authority from
acting contrary to the body's decisions.
(V) The body makes independent decisions
which are effective without approval of the
governing authority.
(VI) The body may adopt, amend and repeal
resolutions, rules, regulations, or ordinances.
(VII) The body has the power of eminent
domain, or condemnation.
Thomas A. Ehrgood, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 4
(VIII) The enabling legislation of the body
indicates that the body is established for
exercising public powers of the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision.
51 Pa. Code §1.1.
Preliminarily, its been noted that -the financial disclosure
requirements in Section 4(a) of the Ethics Act applies to public
officials as well as public employees. Kremer v. State Ethics
Commission, 56 Pa. Commw. Ct. 160, 424 A.2d 968 (1981) affirmed, 503
Pa. 358, 469 A.2d 593 (1983). Further, in Snyder v. Thornburgh, 469
Pa. 159, 436 A.2d 593 (1981), the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held the
definitional phrase, "public official" unconstitutional insofar as it
operated to exempt appointed /non- compensated officials from the Ethics
Act coverage. Thus, the court's decision had the effect of removing
the appointed non - compensated exclusion from the Ethics Act. Thus,
the fact that a given individual is compensated or non - salaried is not
dispositive in determining whether he is a public official subject to
the filing requirements of the Ethics Act.
The question you present must be reviewed under the statute and
the regulations of the Commission in conjunction with the duties and
obligations as set forth in Section 73 P.S. 736, inter alia, of the
Industrial and Commercial Industrial Development Authority Law. The
inquiry necessarily focuses on the job itself and not on the
individual incumbent in the position, the variable functions of the
position, or the manner in which a particular individual occupying a
position may carry out those functions. See McClure, Opinion 83 -001;
Phillips, Opinion 82 -008; affirmed on appeal, 79 Pa. Cmwith. 491, 470
A.2d 659 (1984); and Mammau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D. Pa.
Also, in reviewing your question, the Commonwealth Court in its
ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs the Commission to
construe coverage of the Ethics Act broadly, rather than narrowly,
and conversely directs that exclusions from the Ethics Act should be
narrowly construed. Based upon this directive and reviewing the
definition of "public official" in the statute and the regulations and
opinions of this Commission, in light of the functions and the
information available, the conclusion must be that while authority
members serve in this capacity, they are "public officials" subject to
the financial reporting and disclosure requirements of the State
Ethics Act.
Since it is clear that the authority has the power to acquire,
hold, construct, improve, maintain, own, finance or lease in addition
to all of the specific powers delineated in 73 P.S. 376(b), the duties
of the authority fall within the statutory definition and regulations
of "public official ". 65 P.S. 402; 51 Pa. Code 1.1. Under these
Thomas A. Ehrgood, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 5
circumstances and given the duties and responsibilities of the
authority as outlined above, they are public officials as defined in
the State Ethics Act and regulations of the Commission.
Conclusion: Based upon the above discussion, you are advised that the
Bethel Township Industrial Development Authority Members are "public
officials" as that term is defined under the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. Accordingly, they must file
Statements of Financial Interests for each year in which they hold the
position outlined above and for the year following their termination
of service.
If you have not already done so, a Statement of Financial
Interests must be filed within 15 days of this Advice. This Statement
of Financial Interests would report information of the prior calendar
year. Please file the original of such a statement with this
Commission to insure compliance with this Advice, provide the yellow
copy to their board and retain the green copy for their records.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission will
be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at the
Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
1 0, /1
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel